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diff --git a/doc/rfc/rfc1083.txt b/doc/rfc/rfc1083.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3954709 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/rfc/rfc1083.txt @@ -0,0 +1,675 @@ + + + + + + +Network Working Group Internet Activities Board +Request for Comments: 1083 December 1988 + + + IAB OFFICIAL PROTOCOL STANDARDS + + +Status of this Memo + + This memo describes the state of standardization of protocols used in + the Internet as determined by the Internet Activities Board (IAB). + An overview of the standards procedures is presented first, followed + by discussions of the standardization process and the RFC document + series, then the explanation of the terms is presented, the lists of + protocols in each stage of standardization follows, and finally + pointers to references and contacts for further information. + + This memo is issued quarterly, please be sure the copy you are + reading is dated within the last three months. Current copies may be + obtained from the Network Information Center or from the Internet + Assigned Numbers Authority (see the contact information at the end of + this memo). Do not use this memo after 31-March-89. + + Distribution of this memo is unlimited. + +1. Overview of Standards Procedures + + The Internet Activities Board maintains a list of documents that + define standards for the Internet protocol suite. It provides these + standards with the goal of co-ordinating the evolution of the + Internet protocols; this co-ordination has become quite important as + the Internet protocols are increasingly in general commercial use. + + Protocol standards may be proposed by anyone in the Internet + community, by writing and submitting an RFC. In general, any + proposed protocol will be reviewed or developed in the context of + some Task Force of the IAB, or some working group within that Task + Force. The IAB will assign a proposed protocol to a working group if + official delegation is necessary. + + The recommendation of the working group or task force is given major + consideration in the decision by the IAB to assign a state and status + to the protocol. The general policy is not to designate a protocol + as an official standard until there is implementation experience with + it. + + In cases where there is uncertainty as to the proper decision + concerning a protocol, the IAB may convene a special review committee + + + +Internet Activities Board [Page 1] + +RFC 1083 IAB Standards December 1988 + + + consisting of interested parties from the working group and members + of the IAB itself, with the purpose of recommending some explicit + action to the IAB. + + It is possible to proceed with widespread implementation of a + standard without the approval of the IAB. For example, some vendor + standards have become very important to the Internet community even + though they have not been proposed or reviewed by the IAB. However, + the IAB strongly recommends that the IAB standards process be used in + the evolution of the protocol suite to maximize interoperability (and + to prevent incompatible protocol requirements from arising). The IAB + reserves the use of the term "standard" in any RFC to only those + protocols which the IAB has approved. + +2. The Standardization Process + + Anyone can invent a protocol, document it, implement it, test it, and + so on. The IAB believes that it is very useful to document a + protocol at an early stage to promote suggestions from others + interested in the functionality the of protocol and from those + interested in protocol design. Once a protocol is implemented and + tested it is useful to report the results. The RFC document series + is the preferred place for publishing these protocol documents and + testing results. + + The IAB encourages the documenting of every protocol developed in the + Internet (that is, the publication of the protocol specification as + an RFC), even if it is never intended that the protocol become an + Internet standard. A protocol that is not intended to become a + standard is called "experimental". + + Protocols that are intended to become standards are first designated + as "proposed" protocols. It is expected that while in this state the + protocol will be implemented and tested by several groups. It is + likely that an improved version of the protocol will result from this + activity. + + Once a proposed protocol has become stable and has a sponsor (an + individual willing to speak for the protocol to the IAB) it may + advance to the "draft standard" state. In this state, it should be + reviewed by the entire Internet community. This draft standard state + is essentially a warning to the community that unless an objection is + raised or a flaw is found this protocol will become a "standard". + + Once a protocol has been a draft standard for a sufficient time + (usually 6 months) without serious objections the IAB may act to + declare the protocol an official Internet standard. + + + + +Internet Activities Board [Page 2] + +RFC 1083 IAB Standards December 1988 + + + Some protocols have been superseded by better protocols or are + otherwise unused. Such protocols are designated "historic". + + In addition to a state (like proposed or standard) a protocol is also + assigned a status. A protocol can be required, meaning that all + systems in the Internet must implement it. For example, the Internet + Protocol (IP) is required. A protocol may be recommended, meaning + that systems should implement this protocol. A protocol may be + elective, meaning that systems may implement this protocol; that is, + if (and only if) the functionality of this protocol is needed or + useful for a system it must use this protocol to provide the + functionality. A protocol may be termed not recommended if it is not + intended to be generally implemented; for example, experimental or + historic protocols. + + Few protocols are required to be implemented in all systems. This is + because there is such a variety of possible systems; for example, + gateways, terminal servers, workstations, multi-user hosts. It is + not necessary for a gateway to implement TCP and the protocols that + use TCP (though it may be useful). It is expected that general + purpose hosts will implement at least IP (including ICMP), TCP and + UDP, Telnet, FTP, SMTP, Mail, and the Domain Name System (DNS). + +3. The Request for Comments Documents + + The documents called Request for Comments (or RFCs) are the working + notes of the Internet research and development community. A document + in this series may be on essentially any topic related to computer + communication, and may be anything from a meeting report to the + specification of a standard. All standards are published as RFCs, + but not all RFCs specify standards. + + Anyone can submit a document for publication as an RFC. Submissions + must be made via electronic mail to the RFC Editor (see the contact + information at the end of this memo). + + While RFCs are not refereed publications, they do receive technical + review form the task forces, individual technical experts, or the RFC + Editor, as appropriate. + + Once a document is assigned an RFC number and published, that RFC is + never revised or re-issued with the same number. There is never a + question of having the most recent version of a particular RFC. + However, a protocol (such as File Transfer Protocol (FTP)) may be + improved and re-documented many times in several different RFCs. It + is important to verify that you have the most recent RFC on a + particular protocol. This "IAB Official Protocol Standards" memo is + the reference for determining the correct RFC to refer to for the + + + +Internet Activities Board [Page 3] + +RFC 1083 IAB Standards December 1988 + + + current specification of each protocol. + + The RFCs are available from the Network Information Center at SRI + International. For more information about obtaining RFCs see the + contact information at the end of this memo. + +4. Other Reference Documents + + There are four other reference documents of interest in checking the + current status of protocol specifications and standardization. These + are the Assigned Numbers, the Official Protocols, the Gateway + Requirements, and the Host Requirements. Note that these documents + are revised and updated at different times; in case of differences + between these documents, the most recent must prevail. + +4.1. Assigned Numbers + + This document lists the assigned values of the parameters used in the + various protocols. For example, IP protocol codes, TCP port numbers, + Telnet Option Codes, ARP hardware types, and Terminal Type names. + Assigned Numbers was most recently issued as RFC-1010. + + Another document, Internet Numbers, lists the assigned IP network + numbers, and the autonomous system numbers. Internet Numbers was + most recently issued as RFC-1062. + +4.2. Official Protocols + + This document list the protocols and describes any known problems and + ongoing experiments. Official Protocols was recently issued as RFC- + 1011. + +4.3. Gateway Requirements + + This document reviews the specifications that apply to gateways and + supplies guidance and clarification for any ambiguities. Gateway + Requirement was recently issued as RFC-1009. + +4.4. Host Requirements + + This document reviews the specifications that apply to hosts and + supplies guidance and clarification for any ambiguities. Host + Requirements is in preparation and will be issued soon. + + + + + + + + +Internet Activities Board [Page 4] + +RFC 1083 IAB Standards December 1988 + + +5. Explanation of Terms + + There are two independent categorizations of protocols. The first is + the state of standardization which is one of "standard", "draft + standard", "proposed", "experimental", or "historic". The second is + the status of this protocol which is one of "required", + "recommended", "elective", or "not recommended". One could expect a + particular protocol to move along the scale of status from elective + to required at the same time as it moves along the scale of + standardization from proposed to standard. + + At any given time a protocol is a cell of the following matrix. + Protocols are likely to be in cells in about the following + proportions (indicated by the number of Xs). Most will be on the + main diagonal. A new protocol is most likely to start in the + (proposed, elective) cell, or the (experimental, not recommended) + cell. + + Req Rec Ele Not + +-----+-----+-----+-----+ + Std | XXX | XX | X | | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+ + Draft | | X | XX | | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+ + Prop | | | XXX | X | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+ + Expr | | | X | XXX | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+ + Hist | | | | XXX | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + + Some protocol are particular to hosts and some to gateways; a few + protocols are used in both. The definitions of the terms below will + refer to a "system" which is either a host or a gateway (or both). + It should be clear from the context of the particular protocol which + types of systems are intended. + +5.1. Definitions + + 5.1.1. Standard Protocol + + The IAB has established this as an official standard protocol for + the Internet. These are separated into two groups: (1) IP + protocol and above, protocols that apply to the whole Internet; + and (2) network-specific protocols, generally specifications of + how to do IP on particular types of networks. + + + + +Internet Activities Board [Page 5] + +RFC 1083 IAB Standards December 1988 + + + 5.1.2. Draft Standard Protocol + + The IAB is actively considering this protocol as a possible + Standard Protocol. Substantial and widespread testing and comment + is desired. Comments and test results should be submitted to the + IAB. There is a possibility that changes will be made in a Draft + Standard Protocol before it becomes a Standard Protocol. + + 5.1.3. Proposed Protocol + + These are protocol proposals that may be considered by the IAB for + standardization in the future. Implementation and testing by + several groups is desirable. Revisions of the protocol + specification are likely. + + 5.1.4. Experimental Protocol + + A system should not implement an experimental protocol unless it + is participating in the experiment and has coordinated its use of + the protocol with the developer of the protocol. + + Typically, experimental protocols are those that are developed as + part of a specific ongoing research project not related to an + operational service offering. While they may be proposed as a + service protocol at a later stage, and thus become proposed, + draft, and then standard protocols, the designation of a protocol + as experimental is meant to suggest that the protocol, although + perhaps mature, is not intended for operational use. + + 5.1.5. Historic Protocol + + These are protocols that are unlikely to ever become standards in + the Internet either because they have been superseded by later + developments or due to lack of interest. These are protocols that + are at an evolutionary dead end. + + 5.1.6. Required Protocol + + All systems must implement the required protocols. + + 5.1.7. Recommended Protocol + + All systems should implement the recommended protocols. + + 5.1.8. Elective Protocol + + A system may or may not implement an elective protocol. The + general notion is that if you are going to do something like this, + + + +Internet Activities Board [Page 6] + +RFC 1083 IAB Standards December 1988 + + + you must do exactly this. + + 5.1.9. Not Recommended Protocol + + These protocols are not recommended for general use. This may be + because of their limited functionality, specialized nature, or + experimental or historic state. + +6. The Protocols + +6.1. Standard Protocols + +Protocol Name Status RFC +-------- ---- ------ --- + Assigned Numbers Required 1010 + Gateway Requirements Required 1009 +IP Internet Protocol Required 791 + as amended by: + IP Subnet Extension Required 950 + IP Broadcast Datagrams Required 919 + IP Broadcast Datagrams with Subnets Required 922 +ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol Required 792 +UDP User Datagram Protocol Recommended 768 +TCP Transmission Control Protocol Recommended 793 +DOMAINS Domain Name System Recommended 1034,1035 +TELNET Telnet Protocol Recommended 854 +FTP File Transfer Protocol Recommended 959 +SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Recommended 821 +MAIL Format of Electronic Mail Messages Recommended 822 +EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol Recommended 904 +NETBIOS NetBIOS Services Protocol Elective 1001,1002 +ECHO Echo Protocol Recommended 862 +DISCARD Discard Protocol Elective 863 +CHARGEN Character Generator Protocol Elective 864 +QUOTE Quote of the Day Protocol Elective 865 +USERS Active Users Protocol Elective 866 +DAYTIME Daytime Protocol Elective 867 +TIME Time Server Protocol Elective 868 + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Internet Activities Board [Page 7] + +RFC 1083 IAB Standards December 1988 + + +6.2. Specific Standard Protocols + +Protocol Name Status RFC +-------- ---- ------ --- +ARP Address Resolution Protocol Elective 826 +RARP A Reverse Address Resolution Protocol Elective 903 +IP-ARPA Internet Protocol on ARPANET Elective BBN 1822 +IP-WB Internet Protocol on Wideband Network Elective 907 +IP-X25 Internet Protocol on X.25 Networks Elective 877 +IP-E Internet Protocol on Ethernet Networks Elective 894 +IP-EE Internet Protocol on Exp. Ethernet Nets Elective 895 +IP-IEEE Internet Protocol on IEEE 802 Elective 1042 +IP-DC Internet Protocol on DC Networks Elective 891 +IP-HC Internet Protocol on Hyperchannnel Elective 1044 +IP-ARC Internet Protocol on ARCNET Elective 1051 +IP-SLIP Transmission of IP over Serial Lines Elective 1055 + +Note: It is expected that a system will support one or more physical +networks and for each physical network supported the appropriate +protocols from the above list must be supported. That is, it is +elective to support any particular type of physical network, and for the +physical networks actually supported it is required that they be +supported exactly according to the protocols in the above list. + +6.3. Draft Standard Protocols + +Protocol Name Status RFC +-------- ---- ------ --- +SNMP Simple Network Monitoring Protocol Recommended 1067 +MIB Management Information Base Recommended 1066 +SMI Structure of Management Information Recommended 1065 +NTP Network Time Protocol Elective 1059 +IGMP Internet Group Multicast Protocol Recommended 1054 +BOOTP Bootstrap Protocol Recommended 951,1048 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Internet Activities Board [Page 8] + +RFC 1083 IAB Standards December 1988 + + +6.4. Proposed Protocols + +Protocol Name Status RFC +-------- ---- ------ --- +VMTP Versatile Message Transaction Protocol Elective 1045 +RIP Routing Information Protocol Elective 1058 +SUN-RPC Remote Procedure Call Protocol Elective 1057 +PCMAIL Pcmail Transport Protocol Elective 1056 +NFILE A File Access Protocol Elective 1037 + Mapping between X.400 and RFC-822 Elective 987,1026 +STATSRV Statistics Server Elective 996 +NNTP Network News Transfer Protocol Elective 977 +NICNAME WhoIs Protocol Elective 954 +HOSTNAME HOSTNAME Protocol Elective 953 +POP2 Post Office Protocol Elective 937 +SFTP Simple File Transfer Protocol Elective 913 +RLP Resource Location Protocol Elective 887 +RTELNET Remote Telnet Service Elective 818 +TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol Elective 783 +FINGER Finger Protocol Elective 742 +SUPDUP SUPDUP Protocol Elective 734 +NETED Network Standard Text Editor Elective 569 +RJE Remote Job Entry Elective 407 + +6.5. Experimental Protocols + +Protocol Name Status RFC +-------- ---- ------ --- +IP-MTU IP MTU Discovery Options Not Recommended 1063 +NETBLT Bulk Data Transfer Protocol Not Recommended 998 +IMAP2 Interactive Mail Access Protocol Not Recommended 1064 +COOKIE-JAR Authentication Scheme Not Recommended 1004 +IRTP Internet Reliable Transaction Protocol Not Recommended 938 +AUTH Authentication Service Not Recommended 931 +RATP Reliable Asynchronous Transfer Protocol Not Recommended 916 +THINWIRE Thinwire Protocol Not Recommended 914 +LDP Loader Debugger Protocol Not Recommended 909 +RDP Reliable Data Protocol Not Recommended 908 +ST Stream Protocol Not Recommended IEN 119 +NVP-II Network Voice Protocol Not Recommended ISI memo + + + + + + + + + + + +Internet Activities Board [Page 9] + +RFC 1083 IAB Standards December 1988 + + +6.6. Historic Protocols + +Protocol Name Status RFC +-------- ---- ------ --- +SGMP Simple Gateway Monitoring Protocol Not Recommended 1028 +HMP Host Monitoring Protocol Not Recommended 869 +GGP Gateway Gateway Protocol Not Recommended 823 +CLOCK DCNET Time Server Protocol Not Recommended 778 +MPM Internet Message Protocol Not Recommended 759 +NETRJS Remote Job Service Elective 740 +XNET Cross Net Debugger Elective IEN 158 +NAMESERVER Host Name Server Protocol Not Recommended IEN 116 +MUX Multiplexing Protocol Not Recommended IEN 90 +GRAPHICS Graphics Protocol Not Recommended NIC 24308 + +7. Contacts + +7.1. Internet Activities Board Contact + + Contact: + + Jon Postel + Deputy Internet Architect + USC Information Sciences Institute + 4676 Admiralty Way + Marina del Rey, CA 90292-6695 + + 1-213-822-1511 + + Postel@ISI.EDU + + Please send your comments about this list of protocols and especially + about the Draft Standard Protocols to the Internet Activities Board + care of the Deputy Internet Architect. + +7.2. Internet Assigned Numbers Authority Contact + + Contact: + + Joyce K. Reynolds + Internet Assigned Numbers Authority + USC Information Sciences Institute + 4676 Admiralty Way + Marina del Rey, CA 90292-6695 + + 1-213-822-1511 + + JKRey@ISI.EDU + + + +Internet Activities Board [Page 10] + +RFC 1083 IAB Standards December 1988 + + + The protocol standards are managed for the IAB by the Internet + Assigned Numbers Authority. + + Please refer to the documents "Assigned Numbers" (RFC-1010) and + "Official Internet Protocols" (RFC-1011) for further information + about the status of protocol documents. There are two documents that + summarize the requirements for host and gateways in the Internet, + "Host Requirements" (RFC in preparation) and "Gateway Requirements" + (RFC-1009). + + How to obtain the most recent edition of this "IAB Official + Protocol Standards" memo: + + The file "in-notes/iab-standards.txt" may be copied via FTP + from the VENERA.ISI.EDU computer using the FTP username + "anonymous" and FTP password "guest". + + +7.3. Request for Comments Editor Contact + + Contact: + + Jon Postel + RFC Editor + USC Information Sciences Institute + 4676 Admiralty Way + Marina del Rey, CA 90292-6695 + + 1-213-822-1511 + + Postel@ISI.EDU + + Documents may be submitted via electronic mail to the RFC Editor for + consideration for publication as RFC. If you are not familiar with + the format or style requirements please request the "Instructions for + RFC Authors". In general, the style of any recent RFC may be used as + a guide. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Internet Activities Board [Page 11] + +RFC 1083 IAB Standards December 1988 + + +7.4. The Network Information Center and Requests for Comments Contact + + Contact: + + SRI International + DDN Network Information Center + 333 Ravenswood Avenue + Menlo Park, CA 94025 + + 1-800-235-3155 + 1-415-859-3695 + + NIC@SRI-NIC.ARPA + + The Network Information Center (NIC) provides many information + services for the Internet community. Among them is maintaining the + Requests for Comments (RFC) library. + + RFCs can be obtained via FTP from SRI-NIC.ARPA with the pathname + RFC:RFCnnnn.TXT where "nnnn" refers to the number of the RFC. A list + of all RFCs may be obtained by copying the file RFC:RFC-INDEX.TXT. + Log in with FTP username ANONYMOUS and password GUEST. + + The NIC also provides an automatic mail service for those sites which + cannot use FTP. Address the request to SERVICE@SRI-NIC.ARPA and in + the subject field of the message indicate the RFC number, as in + "Subject: RFC nnnn". + + How to obtain the most recent edition of this "IAB Official + Protocol Standards" memo: + + The file RFC:IAB-STANDARDS.TXT may be copied via FTP from the + SRI-NIC.ARPA computer following the same procedures used to + obtain RFCs. + +Author's Address: + + Jon Postel + USC/Information Sciences Institute + 4676 Admiralty Way + Marina del Rey, CA 90292 + + Phone: (213) 822-1511 + + Email: Postel@ISI.EDU + + + + + + +Internet Activities Board [Page 12] +
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