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diff --git a/doc/rfc/rfc2913.txt b/doc/rfc/rfc2913.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ded8324 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/rfc/rfc2913.txt @@ -0,0 +1,507 @@ + + + + + + +Network Working Group G. Klyne +Request for Comments: 2913 Content Technologies +Category: Standards Track September 2000 + + + MIME Content Types in Media Feature Expressions + +Status of this Memo + + This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the + Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for + improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet + Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state + and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. + +Copyright Notice + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved. + +Abstract + + In "A Syntax for Describing Media Feature Sets", an expression format + is presented for describing media feature capabilities using simple + media feature tags. + + This memo defines a media feature tag whose value is a Multipurpose + Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) content type. This allows the + construction of feature expressions that take account of the MIME + content type of the corresponding data. + +Table of Contents + + 1. Introduction .................................................. 2 + 1.1 Terminology and document conventions ...................... 2 + 2. Motivation and goals .......................................... 3 + 3. MIME content type feature tag ................................. 3 + 4. Examples ...................................................... 4 + 4.1 Simple text ............................................... 4 + 4.2 Fax image ................................................. 4 + 4.3 Voice message ............................................. 4 + 4.4 Web browser capabilities .................................. 5 + 5. IANA Considerations ........................................... 5 + 6. Security Considerations ....................................... 5 + 7. Acknowledgements .............................................. 5 + 8. References .................................................... 6 + 9. Author's Address .............................................. 6 + Appendix A: 'Type' feature tag registration ...................... 7 + Full Copyright Statement ......................................... 9 + + + +Klyne Standards Track [Page 1] + +RFC 2913 MIME Content in Media Feature Expressions September 2000 + + +1. Introduction + + In "A Syntax for Describing Media Feature Sets" [1], an expression + format is presented for describing media feature capabilities as a + combination of simple media feature tags, registered according to + "Media Feature Tag Registration Procedure" [2]. This provides a + format for message handling agents to describe the media feature + content of messages that they can handle. + + This memo defines a media feature tag whose value is a MIME content + type. This allows the construction of feature expressions that take + account of the MIME content type of the corresponding data. + + Note that a content type feature value may contain parameters, but + this is discouraged. See section 3 and appendix A, "Summary of the + media features indicated" for discussion of this point. + +1.1 Terminology and document conventions + + This section defines a number of terms and other document + conventions, which are used with specific meaning in this memo. + + media feature + information that indicates facilities assumed to be available + for the message content to be properly rendered or otherwise + presented. Media features are not intended to include + information that affects message transmission. + + feature set + some set of media features described by a media feature + assertion, as described in "A Syntax for Describing Media + Feature Sets" [1]. (See that memo for a more formal definition + of this term.) + + feature set expression + a string that describes some feature set, formulated according + to the rules in "A Syntax for Describing Media Feature Sets" + [1] (and possibly extended by other specifications). + + This specification uses syntax notation and conventions described in + RFC 2234, "Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF" [3]. + + NOTE: Comments like this provide additional nonessential + information about the rationale behind this document. Such + information is not needed for building a conformant + implementation, but may help those who wish to understand the + design in greater depth. + + + + +Klyne Standards Track [Page 2] + +RFC 2913 MIME Content in Media Feature Expressions September 2000 + + +2. Motivation and goals + + The media feature expression syntax [1] and feature tags [2] were + designed with a view to providing content media information that + augments basic MIME content type information. There are some + situations where it is useful to be able include that content type + information in a media feature expression: + + o Media feature details may depend upon the content type being used. + The media feature combining algebra and syntax [1] cannot apply to + content type information unless it appears in the feature + expression. + + For example, in HTTP 1.1 [4] with Transparent Content Negotiation + (TCN) [5] acceptable content types and other media features are + indicated in different request headers, with no clear way to + indicate that they may be acceptable only in certain combinations. + + o It is sometimes useful for all media capability information to be + included in a single expression. For example, DSN and MDN + extensions [6] that allow a recipient to indicate media + capabilities provide a single field for conveying this + information. + + o When media features are used to describe a message content, they + may refer to inner parts of a MIME composite; e.g. the component + parts of a 'multipart', files in a compressed archive, or + encrypted message data. + +3. MIME content type feature tag + + Feature tag name Legal values + ---------------- ------------ + type <string> + containing a MIME content-type value. + + Reference: this document, appendix A. + + The 'type' feature tag indicates a MIME media content type (i.e. + that appears in a 'Content-type:' header of the corresponding MIME- + formatted data). It must be a string of the form "type/subtype", + where 'type' and 'subtype' are defined by the MIME specification [7]. + Only lower-case letters should be used. + + The content type must be given without any content-type parameter + values. + + + + + +Klyne Standards Track [Page 3] + +RFC 2913 MIME Content in Media Feature Expressions September 2000 + + + To include information in media feature expressions that is otherwise + conveyed in a MIME content-type parameter, a separate media feature + tag should be registered [2] and used in the media feature + expression. This is illustrated by the use of 'charset' in the + example at 4.1 below -- the 'charset' tag is defined by a separate + registration [10]. + + NOTE: Allowing content-type parameters to be part of a type tag + value was considered, but rejected because of concerns about + canonicalization, ordering, case sensitivity, etc. Only exact, + case-sensitive, character matching is defined for media feature + expressions [1]. + +4. Examples + +4.1 Simple text + + (& (type="text/plain") (charset=US-ASCII) + (color=binary) (paper-size=A4) ) + +4.2 Fax image + + (& (type="image/tiff") + (color=binary) + (image-file-structure=TIFF-S) + (dpi=200) + (dpi-xyratio=[200/100,200/200]) + (paper-size=A4) + (image-coding=MH) (MRC-mode=0) + (ua-media=stationery) ) + +4.3 Voice message + + (& (type="multipart/voice-message") + (VPIM-version="3.0") + (audio-codec=[G726-32,GSM-610]) + (audio-file-structure=[None,WAV]) + (ua-terminal=mobile-handset) + (audio-channels=1) ) + + NOTE: in this case, some media features apply to MIME parts + contained within the declared 'multipart/voice- message' + content type. The goal here is not so much to mirror the MIME + structure as to convey useful information about the (possible) + message content. + + + + + + +Klyne Standards Track [Page 4] + +RFC 2913 MIME Content in Media Feature Expressions September 2000 + + +4.4 Web browser capabilities + + (& (pix-x<=800) (pix-y<=600) + (| (& (type="text/html") (charset=iso-8859-1) + (color=limited) ) + (& (type="text/plain") (charset=US-ASCII) ) + (& (type="image/gif") (color=mapped)) + (& (type="image/jpeg") (color=full) ) ) ) + + This example describes an HTML viewer that can deal with a limited + number of color text tags, a gif viewer that supports mapped color, + and a jpeg viewer that supports color. + +5. IANA Considerations + + Appendix A of this document calls for registration of a feature tag + in the "IETF tree", as defined in section 3.1.1 of "Media Feature Tag + Registration Procedure" [2] (i.e. these feature tags are subject to + the "IETF Consensus" policies described in RFC 2434 [9]). + + ASN.1 identifier 1.3.6.1.8.1.30 has been assigned by the IANA for + this registered feature tag and has been placed in the body of the + registration. + +6. Security Considerations + + This memo is not believed to introduce any security considerations + that are not already inherent in the use of media feature tags and + expressions [1,2]. + +7. Acknowledgements + + This proposal draws from discussions in the IETF 'conneg' working + group. The voice message example is based on some ideas by Glen + Parsons. + + The author would like to thank the following people who offered + comments that led to significant improvements: Ted Hardie, Larry + Masinter, Paul Hoffman, Jacob Palme, Ned Freed. + + + + + + + + + + + + +Klyne Standards Track [Page 5] + +RFC 2913 MIME Content in Media Feature Expressions September 2000 + + +8. References + + [1] Klyne, G., "A Syntax for Describing Media Feature Sets", RFC + 2533, March 1999. + + [2] Holtman, K., Mutz, A. and T. Hardie, "Media Feature Tag + Registration Procedure", RFC 2506, March 1999. + + [3] Crocker, D. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax + Specifications: ABNF", RFC 2234, November 1997. + + [4] Fielding, R., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk, H. and T. + Berners-Lee, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1", RFC + 2068, January 1997. + + [5] Holtman, K. and A. Mutz, "Transparent Content Negotiation in + HTTP", RFC 2295, March 1998. + + [6] Wing, D., "Indicating Supported Media Features Using Extensions + to DSN and MDN", RFC 2530, March 1999. + + [7] Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail + Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies", + RFC 2045, November 1996. + + [8] Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail + Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types", RFC 2046, November + 1996. + + [9] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA + Considerations Section in RFCs", RFC 2434, October 1998. + + [10] Hoffman, P., "Registration of Charset and Languages Media + Features Tags", Work in Progress. + +9. Author's Address + + Graham Klyne + Content Technologies Ltd. + 1220 Parkview, + Arlington Business Park + Theale + Reading, RG7 4SA + United Kingdom + + Phone: +44 118 930 1300 + Fax: +44 118 930 1301 + EMail: GK@ACM.ORG + + + +Klyne Standards Track [Page 6] + +RFC 2913 MIME Content in Media Feature Expressions September 2000 + + +Appendix A: 'Type' feature tag registration + + - Media Feature tag name(s): + + Type + + - ASN.1 identifier associated with this feature tag: + + 1.3.6.1.8.1.30 + + - Summary of the media features indicated: + + This feature tag indicates a MIME content type that a message + agent is capable of handling, or that is contained within some + message data. + + The content type consists of the MIME media type and subtype, + presented using all lower case letters and with any whitespace + characters removed. + + - Values appropriate for use with this feature tag: + + String + + - The feature tag is intended primarily for use in the following + applications, protocols, services, or negotiation mechanisms: + + Any application that wishes to convey MIME content type + information in a media feature expression. + + - Examples of typical use: + + (type="image/tiff") + + (& (type="text/plain") (charset=US-ASCII) ) + + - Related standards or documents: + + MIME, RFC 2045 [7] + + MIME, RFC 2046 [8] + + Registration of Charset and Languages Media Features Tags [10] + + - Considerations particular to use in individual applications, + protocols, services, or negotiation mechanisms: + + (N/A) + + + +Klyne Standards Track [Page 7] + +RFC 2913 MIME Content in Media Feature Expressions September 2000 + + + - Interoperability considerations: + + String feature matching is case sensitive, so consistent use of + case for content type values and parameters is essential if + content type value matching is to be achieved in a fashion + consistent with MIME content type matching. + + Similarly, white space must be used consistently. + + This registration specifies a canonical form to be used for + content type values (lower case letters and remove all + whitespace). + + - Related feature tags: + + (N/A) + + - Intended usage: + + Common + + - Author/Change controller: + + IETF + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Klyne Standards Track [Page 8] + +RFC 2913 MIME Content in Media Feature Expressions September 2000 + + +Full Copyright Statement + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved. + + This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to + others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it + or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published + and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any + kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are + included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this + document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing + the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other + Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of + developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for + copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be + followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than + English. + + The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be + revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns. + + This document and the information contained herein is provided on an + "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING + TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING + BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION + HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF + MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + +Acknowledgement + + Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the + Internet Society. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Klyne Standards Track [Page 9] + |