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diff --git a/doc/rfc/rfc3722.txt b/doc/rfc/rfc3722.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0eb44ff --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/rfc/rfc3722.txt @@ -0,0 +1,451 @@ + + + + + + +Network Working Group M. Bakke +Request for Comments: 3722 Cisco +Category: Standards Track April 2004 + + + String Profile for Internet Small Computer + Systems Interface (iSCSI) Names + +Status of this Memo + + This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the + Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for + improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet + Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state + and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. + +Copyright Notice + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). All Rights Reserved. + +Abstract + + This document describes how to prepare internationalized iSCSI names + to increase the likelihood that name input and comparison work in + ways that make sense for typical users throughout the world. + + The Internet Small Computer Systems Interface (iSCSI) protocol + provides a way for hosts to access SCSI devices over an IP network. + The iSCSI end-points, called initiators and targets, each have a + globally-unique name that must be transcribable, as well as easily + compared. + +1. Introduction + + The iSCSI protocol [RFC3720] provides a way for hosts to access SCSI + [SAM2] devices over an IP network. The iSCSI end-points, called + initiators and targets, each have a globally-unique name, defined in + [RFC3721]. + + An iSCSI name is a string of UTF-8 [RFC3629] characters that includes + a type designator, a naming authority based on domain names, and a + unique part within the naming authority. The unique part may be + generated based on anything the naming authority deems useful, and + may include user input. + + These names may need to be transcribed (sent between two + administrators via email, voice, paper, etc), so a case-insensitive + comparison would be desirable. However, these names must often be + + + +Bakke Standards Track [Page 1] + +RFC 3722 String Profile for iSCSI Names April 2004 + + + compared by initiator and target implementations, most of which are + done in simple, embedded software. This makes case-sensitive + comparison highly desirable for these implementors. + + However, a completely case-sensitive implementation would result in + identifiers such as "example-name" and "Example-Name" being + different, which could lead to confusion as these names are + transcribed. + + The goal, then, is to generate iSCSI names that can be transcribed + and entered by users, and also compared byte-for-byte, with minimal + confusion. To attain these goals, iSCSI names are generalized using + a normalized character set (converted to lower case or equivalent), + with no white space allowed, and very limited punctuation. + + For those using only ASCII characters (U+0000 to U+007F), the + following characters are allowed: + + - ASCII dash character ('-' = U+002d) + - ASCII dot character ('.' = U+002e) + - ASCII colon character (':' = U+003a) + - ASCII lower-case characters ('a'..'z' = U+0061..U+007a) + - ASCII digit characters ('0'..'9' = U+0030..U+0039) + + In addition, any upper-case characters input via a user interface + MUST be mapped to their lower-case equivalents. + + This document specifies the valid character set for iSCSI names, + along with the rules for normalizing and generating iSCSI names based + on user input or other information that contains international + characters. + + In particular, it defines the following, as required by [RFC3454]: + + - The intended applicability of the profile: internationalized iSCSI + names. + + - The character repertoire that is the input and output to + stringprep: Unicode 3.2, specified in section 3. + + - The mappings used: specified in section 4. + + - The Unicode normalization used: specified in section 5. + + - The characters that are prohibited as output: specified in section + 6. + + This profile MUST be used with the iSCSI protocol. + + + +Bakke Standards Track [Page 2] + +RFC 3722 String Profile for iSCSI Names April 2004 + + +2. Terminology + + The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", + "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this + document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. + + Examples in this document use the notation for code points and names + from the Unicode Standard [Unicode3.2] and ISO/IEC 10646 [ISO10646]. + For example, the letter "a" may be represented as either "U+0061" or + "LATIN SMALL LETTER A". In the lists of prohibited characters, the + "U+" is left off to make the lists easier to read. The comments for + character ranges are shown in square brackets (such as "[SYMBOLS]") + and do not come from the standards. + +3. Character Repertoire + + This profile uses Unicode 3.2, as defined in [RFC3454] Appendix A. + +4. Mapping + + This profile specifies mapping using the following tables from + [RFC3454]. The following mapping tables MUST be used when generating + iSCSI names from Unicode characters. + + Table B.1 + Table B.2 + +5. Normalization + + Unicode normalization form KC MUST be used with this profile, as + described in [RFC3454]. + +6. Prohibited Output + + This profile specifies prohibiting using the following tables from + [RFC3454]. Characters appearing within these tables MUST NOT be used + within an iSCSI name. + + Table C.1.1 + Table C.1.2 + Table C.2.1 + Table C.2.2 + Table C.3 + Table C.4 + Table C.5 + Table C.6 + + + + + +Bakke Standards Track [Page 3] + +RFC 3722 String Profile for iSCSI Names April 2004 + + + Table C.7 + Table C.8 + Table C.9 + + Important note: this profile MUST be used with the iSCSI protocol. + The iSCSI protocol has additional naming rules that are checked + outside of this profile. + + In addition, this profile adds the following prohibitions. The full + set of prohibited characters are those from the tables above plus + those listed individually below. + +6.1. Inappropriate Characters from Common Input Mechanisms + + u+3002 is used as if it were u+002e in many domain name input + mechanisms used by applications, particularly in Asia. The character + u+3002 MUST NOT be used in an iSCSI name. + + 3002; ideographic full stop + +6.2. Currently-prohibited ASCII characters + + Some of the ASCII characters that are currently prohibited in iSCSI + names by [RFC3721] are also used in protocol elements such as URIs. + Some examples are described in [RFC2396] and [RFC2732]. Note that + there are many other RFCs that define additional URI schemes. + + The other characters in the range U+0000 to U+007F that are not + currently allowed are prohibited in iSCSI names to reserve them for + future use in protocol elements. Note that the dash (U+002D), dot + (U+002E), and colon (U+003A) are not prohibited. + + The following characters MUST NOT be used in iSCSI names: + + 0000-002C; [ASCII CONTROL CHARACTERS and SPACE through ,] + 002F; [ASCII /] + 003B-0040; [ASCII ; through @] + 005B-0060; [ASCII [ through `] + 007B-007F; [ASCII { through DEL] + +7. Bidirectional Characters + + This profile specifies checking bidirectional strings as described in + [RFC3454] section 6. + + + + + + + +Bakke Standards Track [Page 4] + +RFC 3722 String Profile for iSCSI Names April 2004 + + +8. Unassigned Code Points in Internationalized Domain Names + + If the processing in [RFC3720] specifies that a list of unassigned + code points be used, the system uses table A.1 from [RFC3454] as its + list of unassigned code points. + +9. Security Considerations + + ISO/IEC 10646 has many characters that look similar. In many cases, + users of security protocols might do visual matching, such as when + comparing the names of trusted third parties. This profile does + nothing to map similar-looking characters together. + + iSCSI names may be used by an initiator to verify that a target it + has discovered is the correct one, and by a target to verify that an + initiator is to be allowed access. If these names are interpreted + and compared differently by different iSCSI implementations, an + initiator could gain access to the wrong target, or could be denied + access to a legitimate target. + +10. IANA Considerations + + This is a profile of stringprep. It has been registered in the IANA + "Stringprep Profiles" registry. This process is described in the + IANA Considerations section of [RFC3454]. + +11. Summary + + This document describes a stringprep profile to be used with programs + generating names for iSCSI initiators and targets. + +12. Acknowledgements + + This document was produced as a result of discussions on iSCSI name + formats with Joe Czap, Jim Hafner, Howard Hall, Jack Harwood, John + Hufferd, Marjorie Krueger, Lawrence Lamers, Todd Sperry, Joshua + Tseng, and Kaladhar Voruganti, as well as discussions on the + normalization of names into identifiers with Paul Hoffman and Marc + Blanchet. + + Thanks also to Bob Snively for suggesting the use of the nameprep + process for iSCSI name normalization. + + Most of this document was copied from the stringprep profile for + Internationalized Domain Names [RFC3491], written by Paul Hoffman and + Marc Blanchet. + + + + + +Bakke Standards Track [Page 5] + +RFC 3722 String Profile for iSCSI Names April 2004 + + +13. References + +13.1. Normative References + + [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate + Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. + + [RFC3454] Hoffman, P. and M. Blanchet, "Preparation of + Internationalized Strings ("stringprep")", RFC 3454, + December 2002. + + [RFC3720] Satran, J., Meth, K., Sapuntzakis, C. Chadalapaka, M. + and E. Zeidner, "Internet Small Computer Systems + Interface (iSCSI)", RFC 3720, April 2004. + +13.2. Informative References + + [RFC2396] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R. and L. Masinter, "Uniform + Resource Identifiers", RFC 2396, August 1998. + + [RFC2732] Hinden, R., Carpenter, B. and L. Masinter, "Format for + Literal IPv6 Addresses in URL's", RFC 2732, December + 1999. + + [RFC3491] Hoffman, P. and M. Blanchet, "Nameprep: A Stringprep + Profile for Internationalized Domain Names", RFC 3491, + March 2003. + [RFC3629] Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO + 10646", STD 63, RFC 3629, November 2003. + + [RFC3721] Bakke, M., Hafner, J., Hufferd, J., Voruganti, K. and M. + Krueger, "Internet Small Computer Systems Interface + (iSCSI) Naming and Discovery", RFC 3721, April 2004. + + [SAM2] ANSI T10. "SCSI Architectural Model 2", March 2000. + + [Unicode3.2] The Unicode Standard, Version 3.2.0: The Unicode + Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 3.2.0 is + defined by The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0 (Reading, + MA, Addison-Wesley, 2000. ISBN 0-201-61633-5), as + amended by the Unicode Standard Annex #27: Unicode 3.1 + (http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr27/) and by + the Unicode Standard Annex #28: Unicode 3.2 + (http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr28/). + + + + + + + +Bakke Standards Track [Page 6] + +RFC 3722 String Profile for iSCSI Names April 2004 + + + [ISO10646] ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000. International Standard -- + Information technology -- Universal Multiple-Octet Coded + Character Set (UCS) -- Part 1: Architecture and Basic + Multilingual Plane. + +14. Author's Address + + Mark Bakke + Cisco Systems, Inc. + 6450 Wedgwood Road + Maple Grove, MN + USA 55311 + + Voice: +1 763-398-1000 + EMail: mbakke@cisco.com + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Bakke Standards Track [Page 7] + +RFC 3722 String Profile for iSCSI Names April 2004 + + +15. Full Copyright Statement + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). This document is subject + to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and + except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights. + + This document and the information contained herein are provided on an + "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS + OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET + ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, + INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE + INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED + WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + +Intellectual Property + + The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any + Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to + pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in + this document or the extent to which any license under such rights + might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has + made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information + on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be + found in BCP 78 and BCP 79. + + Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any + assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an + attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of + such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this + specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at + http://www.ietf.org/ipr. + + The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any + copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary + rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement + this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at ietf- + ipr@ietf.org. + +Acknowledgement + + Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the + Internet Society. + + + + + + + + + +Bakke Standards Track [Page 8] + |