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diff --git a/doc/rfc/rfc5962.txt b/doc/rfc/rfc5962.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b3cf7b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/rfc/rfc5962.txt @@ -0,0 +1,619 @@ + + + + + + +Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) H. Schulzrinne +Request for Comments: 5962 V. Singh +Category: Standards Track Columbia University +ISSN: 2070-1721 H. Tschofenig + Nokia Siemens Networks + M. Thomson + Andrew Corporation + September 2010 + + + Dynamic Extensions to the Presence Information Data Format + Location Object (PIDF-LO) + +Abstract + + The Geopriv Location Object introduced by the Presence Information + Data Format - Location Object (PIDF-LO), RFC 4119, defines a basic + XML format for carrying geographical information of a presentity. + This document defines PIDF-LO extensions to convey information about + moving objects. Elements are defined that enable expression of + spatial orientation, speed, and heading of the presentity. + +Status of This Memo + + This is an Internet Standards Track document. + + This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force + (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has + received public review and has been approved for publication by the + Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on + Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741. + + Information about the current status of this document, any errata, + and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at + http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5962. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Schulzrinne, et al. Standards Track [Page 1] + +RFC 5962 Dynamic Extensions to PIDF-LO September 2010 + + +Copyright Notice + + Copyright (c) 2010 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the + document authors. All rights reserved. + + This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal + Provisions Relating to IETF Documents + (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of + publication of this document. Please review these documents + carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect + to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must + include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of + the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as + described in the Simplified BSD License. + +Table of Contents + + 1. Introduction ....................................................2 + 2. Terminology .....................................................3 + 3. Dynamic Elements ................................................3 + 3.1. Angular Measures and Coordinate Reference Systems ..........5 + 4. Dynamic Feature XML Schema ......................................6 + 5. Security Considerations .........................................7 + 6. IANA Considerations .............................................7 + 6.1. Dynamic Feature Extensions Namespace Registration ..........7 + 6.2. Dynamic Feature Extensions Schema Registration .............8 + 7. Acknowledgements ................................................8 + 8. References ......................................................9 + 8.1. Normative References .......................................9 + 8.2. Informative References .....................................9 + Appendix A. Earth Centered, Earth Fixed Direction Vectors ........10 + +1. Introduction + + The Presence Information Data Format - Location Object (PIDF-LO) (see + RFC 4119 [RFC4119]) provides geographical location of a presentity. + This corresponds to a physical location at a given instance of time. + RFC 5491 [RFC5491] extends PIDF-LO and provides additional guidelines + to implementers. + + This document extends PIDF-LO to convey spatial orientation, speed, + and heading of a presentity. The addition of rate-of-change + information to the PIDF-LO enables a range of use cases. These use + cases either use dynamic information directly or use that information + + + + + + + +Schulzrinne, et al. Standards Track [Page 2] + +RFC 5962 Dynamic Extensions to PIDF-LO September 2010 + + + for smoother tracking of a position over time. For example, an + application that continuously tracks a presentity could use velocity + information to extrapolate positions in between times that location + information is measured. A shipping company could directly use speed + to monitor delivery truck speed to ensure speed limits are observed. + +2. Terminology + + In this document, the key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", + "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", + and "OPTIONAL" are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 + [RFC2119]. + + This document uses the term "presentity", as defined in RFC 2778 + [RFC2778], to refer to the device subject to location determination. + The similarity to presence concepts and the abstract location privacy + architecture, as described in RFC 4079 [RFC4079], led to re-use of + the Presence Information Data Format (PIDF) (see RFC 3863 [RFC3863]), + and its enhancement for location information (see RFC 4119 + [RFC4119]). Note that this document does not differentiate between + human and non-human objects, and hence both are in scope. + +3. Dynamic Elements + + This document defines a new element, <Dynamic>, for the conveyance of + dynamic information. + + Dynamic information MAY be included without any other location + information being present. When dynamic information is associated + with information about the instantaneous position of the presentity, + the <Dynamic> element MUST be included in the same <location-info> + element as the corresponding geodetic (or civic) location + information. + + Dynamic information can be safely ignored by a recipient that does + not support this specification. The <Dynamic> element contains the + following components: + + orientation: + + The <orientation> element describes the spatial orientation of the + presentity -- the direction that the object is pointing. For a + device, this orientation might depend on the type of device. See + Section 3.1 for details. + + + + + + + +Schulzrinne, et al. Standards Track [Page 3] + +RFC 5962 Dynamic Extensions to PIDF-LO September 2010 + + + speed: + + Speed is the time rate of change in position of a presentity + without regard for direction: the scalar component of velocity. + The value for the <speed> element is a measure that is defined in + meters per second. + + heading: + + Heading is the directional component of velocity. See Section 3.1 + for details. + + Each element can be omitted if no information is available. In the + following example, the presentity is approximately oriented to the + North at a slightly elevated angle. The presentity is travelling + 24 meters per second to the West: + + <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> + <presence + xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf" + xmlns:dm="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:data-model" + xmlns:gp="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10" + xmlns:dyn="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:dynamic" + xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml" + entity="pres:alice@example.com"> + <dm:device id="abc123"> + <gp:geopriv> + <gp:location-info> + <dyn:Dynamic> + <dyn:orientation>-3 12</dyn:orientation> + <dyn:speed>24</dyn:speed> + <dyn:heading>278</dyn:heading> + </dyn:Dynamic> + </gp:location-info> + <gp:usage-rules/> + <method>gps</method> + </gp:geopriv> + <timestamp>2009-06-22T20:57:29Z</timestamp> + <dm:deviceID>mac:1234567890ab</dm:deviceID> + </dm:device> + </presence> + + + + + + + + + + +Schulzrinne, et al. Standards Track [Page 4] + +RFC 5962 Dynamic Extensions to PIDF-LO September 2010 + + + Another example shows a PIDF-LO document of the presentity + alice@example.com on a bike travelling 12 meters per second. Her + position is indicated as a circle. The values for speed may be used + by a receiver to adjust the uncertainty over time. + + <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> + <presence + xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf" + xmlns:dm="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:data-model" + xmlns:gp="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10" + xmlns:dyn="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:dynamic" + xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml" + xmlns:gs="http://www.opengis.net/pidflo/1.0" + entity="pres:alice@example.com"> + <dm:device id="abc123"> + <gp:geopriv> + <gp:location-info> + <gs:Circle srsName="urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326"> + <gml:pos>42.5463 -73.2512</gml:pos> + <gs:radius uom="urn:ogc:def:uom:EPSG::9001"> + 100 + </gs:radius> + </gs:Circle> + <dyn:Dynamic> + <dyn:speed>12</dyn:speed> + </dyn:Dynamic> + </gp:location-info> + <gp:usage-rules/> + <method>gps</method> + </gp:geopriv> + <timestamp>2009-06-22T20:57:29Z</timestamp> + <dm:deviceID>mac:1234567890ab</dm:deviceID> + </dm:device> + </presence> + +3.1. Angular Measures and Coordinate Reference Systems + + [RFC5491] constrains the coordinate reference system (CRS) used in + PIDF-LO to World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS 84), using either the two- + dimensional (latitude, longitude) CRS identified by + "urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326" or the three-dimensional (latitude, + longitude, altitude) CRS identified by "urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4979". + Dynamic locations similarly assume that either of these coordinate + reference systems will be used. + + The <orientation> and <heading> elements both describe a direction. + The <orientation> element describes the "direction of facing"; the + <heading> element describes the "direction of travel". Both measures + + + +Schulzrinne, et al. Standards Track [Page 5] + +RFC 5962 Dynamic Extensions to PIDF-LO September 2010 + + + contain one or two angular values that are expressed relative to the + current position of the presentity (see Appendix A). Angular + measures are expressed in degrees, and values can be negative. If + two measures are present, the values MUST be separated by whitespace. + + The first measure specifies the horizontal direction from the current + position of the presentity to a point that it is pointing towards + (for <orientation>) or travelling towards (for <heading>). + Horizontal angles are measured from Northing to Easting. Horizontal + angles start from zero when pointing to or travelling towards the + North and increase towards the East. + + The second measure, if present, specifies the vertical component of + this angle. This angle is the elevation from the local horizontal + plane. If the second angle value is omitted, the vertical component + is unknown. If only one angle is present, <orientation> describes + only the horizontal component. For <heading>, the associated <speed> + measure contains only the horizontal component of speed. + +4. Dynamic Feature XML Schema + + <?xml version="1.0"?> + <xs:schema + targetNamespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:dynamic" + xmlns:dyn="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:dynamic" + xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" + elementFormDefault="qualified" + attributeFormDefault="unqualified"> + + <xs:element name="Dynamic" type="dyn:dynamicType"/> + + <xs:complexType name="dynamicType"> + <xs:complexContent> + <xs:restriction base="xs:anyType"> + <xs:sequence> + <xs:element name="orientation" minOccurs="0" + type="dyn:directionType"/> + <xs:element name="speed" minOccurs="0" + type="xs:double"/> + <xs:element name="heading" minOccurs="0" + type="dyn:directionType"/> + <xs:any namespace="##other" processContents="lax" + minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/> + </xs:sequence> + <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/> + </xs:restriction> + </xs:complexContent> + </xs:complexType> + + + +Schulzrinne, et al. Standards Track [Page 6] + +RFC 5962 Dynamic Extensions to PIDF-LO September 2010 + + + <xs:simpleType name="directionType"> + <xs:restriction base="dyn:doubleListType"> + <xs:minLength value="1"/> + <xs:maxLength value="2"/> + </xs:restriction> + </xs:simpleType> + + <xs:simpleType name="doubleListType"> + <xs:list itemType="xs:double"/> + </xs:simpleType> + + </xs:schema> + +5. Security Considerations + + This document defines additional location elements carried by + PIDF-LO. These additional elements provide greater reason to observe + the privacy and security considerations described in RFC 4119 + [RFC4119]. No further privacy or security measures are necessary. + + RFC 4119 points back to RFC 3694 [RFC3694] and RFC 3693 [RFC3693] to + describe the threat model and the security requirements imposed on + the GEOPRIV architecture for sharing location information as a result + of the threat model. It is important to note that these two + documents often refer to threats related to the current location + information of a presentity, while this document introduces dynamic + information that may be used by attackers to anticipate the future + location of a presentity. While already a series of location + snapshots is likely to offer information for guessing the future + location of a presentity, it has to be said that including more + information in a PIDF-LO does increase the severity of an information + leak. Those who deploy location-based services are in general + strongly advised to provide their users with ways to control the + distribution of location information to those who have been + authorized to see it. + +6. IANA Considerations + + This section registers a new XML namespace (as described in + [RFC3688]) and a new XML schema. + +6.1. Dynamic Feature Extensions Namespace Registration + + URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:dynamic + + Registrant Contact: IETF Geopriv Working Group, Hannes Tschofenig + (hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net). + + + + +Schulzrinne, et al. Standards Track [Page 7] + +RFC 5962 Dynamic Extensions to PIDF-LO September 2010 + + + XML: + + BEGIN + <?xml version="1.0"?> + <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.0//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic10.dtd"> + <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <title>Dynamic Feature Extensions Namespace</title> + </head> + <body> + <h1>Namespace for Dynamic Feature Extensions to PIDF-LO</h1> + <h2>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:dynamic</h2> + <p>See <a href= + "http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5962.txt"> RFC5962</a>.</p> + </body> + </html> + END + +6.2. Dynamic Feature Extensions Schema Registration + + URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:schema:pidf:dynamic + + Registrant Contact: IETF Geopriv Working Group, Hannes Tschofenig + (hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net) + + XML: The XML schema registered is contained in Section 4. Its first + line is + + <?xml version="1.0"?> + + and its last line is + + </xs:schema> + +7. Acknowledgements + + We would like to thank Klaus Darilion, Cullen Jennings, Rohan Mahy, + Carl Reed, and Brian Rosen for their comments. Furthermore, we would + like to thank Alexey Melnikov, Adrian Farrel, Tim Polk, Dan Romascanu + for his IESG review comments, Avshalom Houri for his GenArt review, + Hilarie Orman for her SECDIR review, and Joel Jaeggli for his + Operations Directorate review. + + + + + + + + +Schulzrinne, et al. Standards Track [Page 8] + +RFC 5962 Dynamic Extensions to PIDF-LO September 2010 + + +8. References + +8.1. Normative References + + [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate + Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. + + [RFC3688] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688, + January 2004. + + [RFC4119] Peterson, J., "A Presence-based GEOPRIV Location Object + Format", RFC 4119, December 2005. + +8.2. Informative References + + [RFC2778] Day, M., Rosenberg, J., and H. Sugano, "A Model for + Presence and Instant Messaging", RFC 2778, February 2000. + + [RFC3693] Cuellar, J., Morris, J., Mulligan, D., Peterson, J., and + J. Polk, "Geopriv Requirements", RFC 3693, February 2004. + + [RFC3694] Danley, M., Mulligan, D., Morris, J., and J. Peterson, + "Threat Analysis of the Geopriv Protocol", RFC 3694, + February 2004. + + [RFC3863] Sugano, H., Fujimoto, S., Klyne, G., Bateman, A., Carr, + W., and J. Peterson, "Presence Information Data Format + (PIDF)", RFC 3863, August 2004. + + [RFC4079] Peterson, J., "A Presence Architecture for the + Distribution of GEOPRIV Location Objects", RFC 4079, + July 2005. + + [RFC5491] Winterbottom, J., Thomson, M., and H. Tschofenig, + "GEOPRIV Presence Information Data Format Location Object + (PIDF-LO) Usage Clarification, Considerations, and + Recommendations", RFC 5491, March 2009. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Schulzrinne, et al. Standards Track [Page 9] + +RFC 5962 Dynamic Extensions to PIDF-LO September 2010 + + +Appendix A. Earth Centered, Earth Fixed Direction Vectors + + The absolute orientation or heading of a presentity depends on its + latitude and longitude. The following vectors can be used to + determine the absolute direction in the WGS 84 Earth Centered, Earth + Fixed (X, Y, Z) coordinate space. + + The direction of North as a unit vector in Earth Centered, Earth + Fixed (ECEF) coordinates is: + + North = [ -1 * sin(latitude) * cos(longitude), + -1 * sin(latitude) * sin(longitude), + cos(latitude) ] + + The direction of "up" (the upward normal of the horizontal plane) as + a unit vector in ECEF coordinates is: + + Up = [ cos(latitude) * cos(longitude), + cos(latitude) * sin(longitude), + sin(latitude) ] + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Schulzrinne, et al. Standards Track [Page 10] + +RFC 5962 Dynamic Extensions to PIDF-LO September 2010 + + +Authors' Addresses + + Henning Schulzrinne + Columbia University + Department of Computer Science + 450 Computer Science Building + New York, NY 10027 + US + + Phone: +1 212 939 7004 + EMail: hgs@cs.columbia.edu + URI: http://www.cs.columbia.edu/ + + + Vishal Singh + Columbia University + Department of Computer Science + 450 Computer Science Building + New York, NY 10027 + US + + EMail: vs2140@cs.columbia.edu + URI: http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~vs2140 + + + Hannes Tschofenig + Nokia Siemens Networks + Linnoitustie 6 + Espoo 02600 + Finland + + Phone: +358 (50) 4871445 + EMail: Hannes.Tschofenig@gmx.net + URI: http://www.tschofenig.priv.at/ + + + Martin Thomson + Andrew Corporation + Wollongong + NSW Australia + + EMail: martin.thomson@andrew.com + + + + + + + + + +Schulzrinne, et al. Standards Track [Page 11] + |