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diff --git a/doc/rfc/rfc7802.txt b/doc/rfc/rfc7802.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a797ce6 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/rfc/rfc7802.txt @@ -0,0 +1,451 @@ + + + + + + +Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) S. Emery +Request for Comments: 7802 Oracle +Obsoletes: 4402 N. Williams +Category: Standards Track Cryptonector +ISSN: 2070-1721 March 2016 + + + A Pseudo-Random Function (PRF) for the Kerberos V Generic Security + Service Application Program Interface (GSS-API) Mechanism + +Abstract + + This document defines the Pseudo-Random Function (PRF) for the + Kerberos V mechanism for the Generic Security Service Application + Program Interface (GSS-API), based on the PRF defined for the + Kerberos V cryptographic framework, for keying application protocols + given an established Kerberos V GSS-API security context. + + This document obsoletes RFC 4402 and reclassifies that document as + Historic. RFC 4402 starts the PRF+ counter at 1; however, a number + of implementations start the counter at 0. As a result, the original + specification would not be interoperable with existing + implementations. + +Status of This Memo + + This is an Internet Standards Track document. + + This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force + (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has + received public review and has been approved for publication by the + Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on + Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741. + + Information about the current status of this document, any errata, + and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at + http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7802. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Emery & Williams Standards Track [Page 1] + +RFC 7802 A PRF for the Kerberos V Mech March 2016 + + +Copyright Notice + + Copyright (c) 2016 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the + document authors. All rights reserved. + + This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal + Provisions Relating to IETF Documents + (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of + publication of this document. Please review these documents + carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect + to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must + include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of + the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as + described in the Simplified BSD License. + +Table of Contents + + 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 + 2. Conventions Used in This Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 + 3. Kerberos V GSS Mechanism PRF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 + 4. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 + 5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 + 6. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 + Appendix A. Test Vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 + Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 + Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 + +1. Introduction + + This document specifies the Kerberos V GSS-API mechanism's [RFC4121] + pseudo-random function corresponding to [RFC4401]. The function is a + "PRF+" style construction. For more information, see [RFC4401], + [RFC2743], [RFC2744], and [RFC4121]. + + This document obsoletes RFC 4402 and reclassifies that document as + Historic. RFC 4402 starts the PRF+ counter at 1; however, a number + of implementations start the counter at 0. As a result, the original + specification would not be interoperable with existing + implementations. + +2. Conventions Used in This Document + + The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", + "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this + document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. + + + + + + +Emery & Williams Standards Track [Page 2] + +RFC 7802 A PRF for the Kerberos V Mech March 2016 + + +3. Kerberos V GSS Mechanism PRF + + The GSS-API PRF [RFC4401] function for the Kerberos V mechanism + [RFC4121] shall be the output of a PRF+ function based on the + encryption type's PRF function keyed with the negotiated session key + of the security context corresponding to the 'prf_key' input + parameter of GSS_Pseudo_random(). + + This PRF+ MUST be keyed with the key indicated by the 'prf_key' input + parameter as follows: + + o GSS_C_PRF_KEY_FULL -- use the sub-session key asserted by the + acceptor (if any exists), or the sub-session asserted by the + initiator (if any exists), or the Ticket's session key. + + o GSS_C_PRF_KEY_PARTIAL -- use the sub-session key asserted by the + initiator (if any exists) or the Ticket's session key. + + The PRF+ function is a simple counter-based extension of the Kerberos + V pseudo-random function [RFC3961] for the encryption type of the + security context's keys: + + PRF+(K, L, S) = truncate(L, T0 || T1 || .. || Tn) + + Tn = pseudo-random(K, n || S) + + where K is the key indicated by the 'prf_key' parameter, '||' is the + concatenation operator, 'n' is encoded as a network byte order 32-bit + unsigned binary number, truncate(L, S) truncates the input octet + string S to length L, and pseudo-random() is the Kerberos V pseudo- + random function [RFC3961]. + + The maximum output size of the Kerberos V mechanism's GSS-API PRF + then is, necessarily, 2^32 times the output size of the pseudo- + random() function for the encryption type of the given key. + + When the input size is longer than 2^14 octets as per [RFC4401] and + exceeds an implementation's resources, then the mechanism MUST return + GSS_S_FAILURE and GSS_KRB5_S_KG_INPUT_TOO_LONG as the minor status + code. + +4. IANA Considerations + + This document has no IANA considerations currently. If and when a + relevant IANA registry of GSS-API symbols and constants is created, + then the GSS_KRB5_S_KG_INPUT_TOO_LONG minor status code should be + added to such a registry. + + + + +Emery & Williams Standards Track [Page 3] + +RFC 7802 A PRF for the Kerberos V Mech March 2016 + + +5. Security Considerations + + Kerberos V encryption types' PRF functions use a key derived from + contexts' session keys and should preserve the forward security + properties of the mechanisms' key exchanges. + + Legacy Kerberos V encryption types may be weak, particularly the + single-DES encryption types. + + See also [RFC4401] for generic security considerations of + GSS_Pseudo_random(). + + See also [RFC3961] for generic security considerations of the + Kerberos V cryptographic framework. + + Use of Ticket session keys, rather than sub-session keys, when + initiators and acceptors fail to assert sub-session keys, is + dangerous as ticket reuse can lead to key reuse; therefore, + initiators should assert sub-session keys always, and acceptors + should assert sub-session keys at least when initiators fail to do + so. + + The computational cost of computing this PRF+ may vary depending on + the Kerberos V encryption types being used, but generally the + computation of this PRF+ gets more expensive as the input and output + octet string lengths grow (note that the use of a counter in the PRF+ + construction allows for parallelization). + +6. Normative References + + [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate + Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, + DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>. + + [RFC2743] Linn, J., "Generic Security Service Application Program + Interface Version 2, Update 1", RFC 2743, + DOI 10.17487/RFC2743, January 2000, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2743>. + + [RFC2744] Wray, J., "Generic Security Service API Version 2 : + C-bindings", RFC 2744, DOI 10.17487/RFC2744, January 2000, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2744>. + + [RFC3961] Raeburn, K., "Encryption and Checksum Specifications for + Kerberos 5", RFC 3961, DOI 10.17487/RFC3961, February + 2005, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3961>. + + + + +Emery & Williams Standards Track [Page 4] + +RFC 7802 A PRF for the Kerberos V Mech March 2016 + + + [RFC4121] Zhu, L., Jaganathan, K., and S. Hartman, "The Kerberos + Version 5 Generic Security Service Application Program + Interface (GSS-API) Mechanism: Version 2", RFC 4121, + DOI 10.17487/RFC4121, July 2005, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4121>. + + [RFC4401] Williams, N., "A Pseudo-Random Function (PRF) API + Extension for the Generic Security Service Application + Program Interface (GSS-API)", RFC 4401, + DOI 10.17487/RFC4401, February 2006, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4401>. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Emery & Williams Standards Track [Page 5] + +RFC 7802 A PRF for the Kerberos V Mech March 2016 + + +Appendix A. Test Vectors + + Here are some test vectors from the MIT implementation provided by + Greg Hudson. Test cases used include input string lengths of 0 and + 61 bytes, and an output length of 44 bytes. 61 bytes of input is + just enough to produce a partial second MD5 or SHA1 hash block with + the four-byte counter prefix. 44 bytes of output requires two full + and one partial RFC 3961 PRF output for all existing enctypes. All + keys were randomly generated. + + Enctype: des-cbc-crc + Key: E607FE9DABB57AE0 + Input: (empty string) + Output: 803C4121379FC4B87CE413B67707C4632EBED2C6D6B7 + 2A55E878836E35E21600D915D590DED5B6D77BB30A1F + + Enctype: des-cbc-crc + Key: 54758316B6257A75 + Input: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz123456789 + Output: 279E4105F7ADC9BD6EF28ABE31D89B442FE0058388BA + 33264ACB5729562DC637950F6BD144B654BE7700B2D6 + + Enctype: des3-cbc-sha1 + Key: 70378A19CD64134580C27C0115D6B34A1CF2FEECEF9886A2 + Input: (empty string) + Output: 9F8D127C520BB826BFF3E0FE5EF352389C17E0C073D9 + AC4A333D644D21BA3EF24F4A886D143F85AC9F6377FB + + Enctype: des3-cbc-sha1 + Key: 3452A167DF1094BA1089E0A20E9E51ABEF1525922558B69E + Input: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz123456789 + Output: 6BF24FABC858F8DD9752E4FCD331BB831F238B5BE190 + 4EEA42E38F7A60C588F075C5C96A67E7F8B7BD0AECF4 + + Enctype: rc4-hmac + Key: 3BB3AE288C12B3B9D06B208A4151B3B6 + Input: (empty string) + Output: 9AEA11A3BCF3C53F1F91F5A0BA2132E2501ADF5F3C28 + 3C8A983AB88757CE865A22132D6100EAD63E9E291AFA + + Enctype: rc4-hmac + Key: 6DB7B33A01BD2B72F7655CB7B3D5FA0B + Input: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz123456789 + Output: CDA9A544869FC84873B692663A82AFDA101C8611498B + A46138B01E927C9B95EEC953B562807434037837DDDF + + + + + + +Emery & Williams Standards Track [Page 6] + +RFC 7802 A PRF for the Kerberos V Mech March 2016 + + + Enctype: aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96 + Key: 6C742096EB896230312B73972FA28B5D + Input: (empty string) + Output: 94208D982FC1BB7778128BDD77904420B45C9DA699F3 + 117BCE66E39602128EF0296611A6D191A5828530F20F + + Enctype: aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96 + Key: FA61138C109D834A477D24C7311BE6DA + Input: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz123456789 + Output: 0FAEDF0F842CC834FEE750487E1B622739286B975FE5 + B7F45AB053143C75CA0DF5D3D4BBB80F6A616C7C9027 + + Enctype: aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 + Key: 08FCDAFD5832611B73BA7B497FEBFF8C954B4B58031CAD9B977C3B8C25192FD6 + Input: (empty string) + Output: E627EFC14EF5B6D629F830C7109DEA0D3D7D36E8CD57 + A1F301C5452494A1928F05AFFBEE3360232209D3BE0D + + Enctype: aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 + Key: F5B68B7823D8944F33F41541B4E4D38C9B2934F8D16334A796645B066152B4BE + Input: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz123456789 + Output: 112F2B2D878590653CCC7DE278E9F0AA46FA5A380B62 + 59F774CB7C134FCD37F61A50FD0D9F89BF8FE1A6B593 + + Enctype: camellia128-cts-cmac + Key: 866E0466A178279A32AC0BDA92B72AEB + Input: (empty string) + Output: 97FBB354BF341C3A160DCC86A7A910FDA824601DF677 + 68797BACEEBF5D250AE929DEC9760772084267F50A54 + + Enctype: camellia128-cts-cmac + Key: D4893FD37DA1A211E12DD1E03E0F03B7 + Input: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz123456789 + Output: 1DEE2FF126CA563A2A2326B9DD3F0095013257414C83 + FAD4398901013D55F367C82681186B7B2FE62F746BA4 + + Enctype: camellia256-cts-cmac + Key: 203071B1AE77BD3D6FCE70174AF95C225B1CED46B35CF52B6479EFEB47E6B063 + Input: (empty string) + Output: 9B30020634C10FDA28420CEE7B96B70A90A771CED43A + D8346554163E5949CBAE2FB8EF36AFB6B32CE75116A0 + + Enctype: camellia256-cts-cmac + Key: A171AD582C1AFBBAD52ABD622EE6B6A14D19BF95C6914B2BA40FFD99A88EC660 + Input: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz123456789 + Output: A47CBB6E104DCC77E4DB48A7A474B977F2FB6A7A1AB6 + 52317D50508AE72B7BE2E4E4BA24164E029CBACF786B + + + + +Emery & Williams Standards Track [Page 7] + +RFC 7802 A PRF for the Kerberos V Mech March 2016 + + +Acknowledgements + + This document is an update to RFC 4402, which was authored by Nico + Williams. Greg Hudson has provided the test vectors based on MIT's + implementation. + +Authors' Addresses + + Shawn Emery + Oracle Corporation + 500 Eldorado Blvd Bldg 1 + Broomfield, CO 78727 + United States + + EMail: shawn.emery@oracle.com + + + Nicolas Williams + Cryptonector, LLC + + EMail: nico@cryptonector.com + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Emery & Williams Standards Track [Page 8] + |