From 4bfd864f10b68b71482b35c818559068ef8d5797 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Voss Date: Wed, 27 Nov 2024 20:54:24 +0100 Subject: doc: Add RFC documents --- doc/rfc/rfc1217.txt | 283 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 283 insertions(+) create mode 100644 doc/rfc/rfc1217.txt (limited to 'doc/rfc/rfc1217.txt') diff --git a/doc/rfc/rfc1217.txt b/doc/rfc/rfc1217.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1149093 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/rfc/rfc1217.txt @@ -0,0 +1,283 @@ + + + + + + +Network Working Group V. Cerf +Request for Comments: 1217 CSCR + 1 April 1991 + + + Memo from the Consortium for Slow Commotion Research (CSCR) + +Status of this Memo + + This RFC is in response to RFC 1216, "Gigabit Network Economics and + Paradigm Shifts". Distribution of this memo is unlimited. + + +To: Poorer Richard and Professor Kynikos + +Subject: ULSNET BAA + +From: Vint Cerf/CSCR + +Date: 4/1/91 + + The Consortium for Slow Commotion Research (CSCR) [1] is pleased to + respond to your research program announcement (RFC 1216) on Ultra + Low-Speed Networking (ULSNET). CSCR proposes to carry out a major + research and development program on low-speed, low-efficiency + networks over a period of several eons. Several designs are + suggested below for your consideration. + +1. Introduction + + Military requirements place a high premium on ultra-robust systems + capable of supporting communication in extremely hostile + environments. A major contributing factor in the survivability of + systems is a high degree of redundancy. CSCR believes that the + system designs offered below exhibit extraordinary redundancy + features which should be of great interest to DARPA and the + Department of Defense. + +2. Jam-Resistant Land Mobile Communications + + This system uses a highly redundant optical communication technique + to achieve ultra-low, ultra-robust transmission. The basic unit is + the M1A1 tank. Each tank is labelled with the number 0 or 1 painted + four feet high on the tank turret in yellow, day-glo luminescent + paint. Several detection methods are under consideration: + + (a) A tree or sand-dune mounted forward observer (FO) radios + to a reach echelon main frame computer the binary values + + + +Cerf [Page 1] + +RFC 1217 ULSNET BAA April 1991 + + + of tanks moving in a serial column. The mainframe decodes + the binary values and voice-synthesizes the alphameric + ASCII-encoded messages which is then radioed back to the + FO. The FO then dispatches a runner to his unit HQ with + the message. The system design includes two redundant, + emergency back-up forward observers in different trees + with a third in reserve in a foxhole. + + (b) Wide-area communication by means of overhead + reconnaissance satellites which detect the binary signals + from the M1A1 mobile system and download this + information for processing in special U.S. facilities in the + Washington, D.C. area. A Convection Machine [2] system + will be used to perform a codebook table look-up to decode + the binary message. The decoded message will be relayed + by morse-code over a packet meteor burst communications + channel to the appropriate Division headquarters. + + (c) An important improvement in the sensitivity of this system + can be obtained by means of a coherent detection strategy. + Using long baseline interferometry, phase differences + among the advancing tank column elements will be used to + signal a secondary message to select among a set of + codebooks in the Convenction Machine. The phase analysis + will be carried out using Landsat imagery enhanced by + suitable processing at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The + Landsat images (of the moving tanks) will be correlated + with SPOT Image images to obtain the phase-encoded + information. The resulting data will be faxed to + Washington, D.C., for use in the Convection Machine + decoding step. The remainder of this process is as for (b) + above. + + (d) It is proposed to use SIMNET to simulate this system. + +3. Low Speed Undersea Communication + + Using the 16" guns of the Battleship Missouri, a pulse-code modulated + message will be transmitted via the Pacific Ocean to the Ames + Research Center in California. Using a combination of fixed and + towed acoustic hydrophone arrays, the PCM signal will be detected, + recorded, enhanced and analyzed both at fixed installations and + aboard undersea vessels which have been suitably equipped. An + alternative acoustic source is to use M1A1 main battle tanks firing + 150 mm H.E. ordnance. It is proposed to conduct tests of this method + in the Persian Gulf during the summer of 1991. + + + + + +Cerf [Page 2] + +RFC 1217 ULSNET BAA April 1991 + + +4. Jam-Resistant Underwater Communication + + The ULS system proposed in (2) above has the weakness that it is + readily jammed by simple depth charge explosions or other sources of + acoustic noise (e.g., Analog Equipment Corporation DUCK-TALK voice + synthesizers linked with 3,000 AMP amplifiers). An alternative is to + make use of the ultimate in jam resistance: neutrino transmission. + For all practical purposes, almost nothing (including several light- + years of lead) will stop a neutrino. There is, however, a slight + cross-section which can be exploited provided that a cubic mile of + sea water is available for observing occasional neutrino-chlorine + interactions which produce a detectable photon burst. Thus, we have + the basis for a highly effective, extremely low speed communication + system for communicating with submarines. + + There are a few details to be worked out: + + (a) the only accelerator available to us to generate neutrino + bursts is located at Batavia National Laboratory (BNL). + + (b) the BNL facility can only send neutrino bursts in one + direction (through the center of the Earth) to a site near + Tierra del Fuego, Chile. Consequently, all submarines must + be scheduled to pass near Tierra del Fuego on a regular + basis to coincide with the PCM neutrino signalling from + the BNL source. + + (c) the maximum rate of neutrino burst transmission is + approximately once every 20 seconds. This high rate can be + reduced considerably if the pwer source for the accelerator + is limited to a rate sustainable by discharging a large + capacitor which is trickle charged by a 2 square foot solar + panel mounted to face north. + +5. Options for Further Reducing Effective Throughput + + (a) Anti-Huffman Coding. The most frequent symbol is + assigned the longest code, with code lengths reducing with + symbol probability. + + (b) Minimum likelihood decoding. The least likely + interpretation of the detected symbol is selected to + maximize the probability of decoding error. + + (c) Firefly cryptography. A random signal (mason jar full of + fireflies) is used to encipher the transmitted signal by + optical combining. At the receiving site, another jar of + fireflies is used to decipher the message. Since the + + + +Cerf [Page 3] + +RFC 1217 ULSNET BAA April 1991 + + + correlation between the transmitting and receiving firefly + jars is essentially nil, the probability of successful + decipherment is quite low, yielding a very low effective + transmission rate. + + (d) Recursive Self-encapsulation. Since it is self-evident that + layered communication is a GOOD THING, more layers + must be better. It is proposed to recursively encapsulate + each of the 7 layers of OSI, yielding a 49 layer + communications model. The redundancy and + retransmission and flow control achieved by this means + should produce an extremely low bandwidth system if, + indeed, any information can be transmitted at all. It is + proposed that the top level application layer utilize ASN.1 + encoded in a 32 bit per character set. + + (e) Scaling. The initial M1A1 tank basis for the land mobile + communication system can be improved. It is proposed to + reduce the effective data rate further by replacing the + tanks with shuttle launch vehicles. The only slower method + of signalling might be the use of cars on any freeway in the + Los Angeles area. + + (f) Network Management. It is proposed to adopt the Slow + Network Management Protocol (SNMP) as a standard for + ULSNET. All standard Management Information Base + variables will be specified in Serbo-Croatian and all + computations carried-out in reverse-Polish. + + (g) Routing. Two alternatives are proposed: + + (1) Mashed Potato Routing + (2) Airline Baggage Routing [due to S. Cargo] + + The former is a scheme whereby any incoming packets are + stored for long periods of time before forwarding. If space + for storage becomes a problem, packets are compressed by + removing bits at random. Packets are then returned to the + sender. In the latter scheme, packets are mislabelled at the + initial switch and randomly labelled as they are moved + through the network. A special check is made before + forwarding to avoid routing to the actual intended + destination. + + CSCR looks forward to a protracted and fruitless discussion with you + on this subject as soon as we can figure out how to transmit the + proposal. + + + + +Cerf [Page 4] + +RFC 1217 ULSNET BAA April 1991 + + +NOTES + + [1] The Consortium was formed 3/27/91 and includes David Clark, + John Wroclawski, and Karen Sollins/MIT, Debbie Deutsch/BBN, + Bob Braden/ISI, Vint Cerf/CNRI and several others whose names + have faded into an Alzheimerian oblivion... + + [2] Convection Machine is a trademark of Thoughtless Machines, Inc., + a joint-venture of Hot-Air Associates and Air Heads International + using vaporware from the Neural Network Corporation. + +Security Considerations + + Security issues are not discussed in this memo. + +Author's Address + + Vint Cerf + Corporation for National Research Initiatives + 1895 Preston White Drive, Suite 100 + Reston, VA 22091 + + Phone: (703) 620-8990 + + EMail: CERF@NRI.RESTON.VA.US + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Cerf [Page 5] + \ No newline at end of file -- cgit v1.2.3