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From: Thomas Voss <mail@thomasvoss.com>
Date: Wed, 27 Nov 2024 20:54:24 +0100
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+Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)                      S. Perreault
+Request for Comments: 7659                           Jive Communications
+Category: Standards Track                                        T. Tsou
+ISSN: 2070-1721                                      Huawei Technologies
+                                                            S. Sivakumar
+                                                           Cisco Systems
+                                                               T. Taylor
+                                                    PT Taylor Consulting
+                                                            October 2015
+
+
+ Definitions of Managed Objects for Network Address Translators (NATs)
+
+Abstract
+
+   This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB)
+   for devices implementing the Network Address Translator (NAT)
+   function.  The new MIB module defined in this document, NATV2-MIB, is
+   intended to replace module NAT-MIB (RFC 4008).  NATV2-MIB is not
+   backwards compatible with NAT-MIB, for reasons given in the text of
+   this document.  A companion document deprecates all objects in NAT-
+   MIB.  NATV2-MIB can be used for the monitoring of NAT instances on a
+   device capable of NAT function.  Compliance levels are defined for
+   three application scenarios: basic NAT, pooled NAT, and
+   carrier-grade NAT (CGN).
+
+Status of This Memo
+
+   This is an Internet Standards Track document.
+
+   This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
+   (IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF community.  It has
+   received public review and has been approved for publication by the
+   Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Further information on
+   Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 5741.
+
+   Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
+   and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
+   http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7659.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                    [Page 1]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+Copyright Notice
+
+   Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
+   document authors.  All rights reserved.
+
+   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
+   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
+   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
+   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
+   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
+   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
+   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
+   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
+   described in the Simplified BSD License.
+
+Table of Contents
+
+   1.  The Internet-Standard Management Framework  . . . . . . . . .   3
+   2.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
+   3.  Overview  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
+     3.1.  Content Provided by the NATV2-MIB Module  . . . . . . . .   5
+       3.1.1.  Configuration Data  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
+       3.1.2.  Notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
+       3.1.3.  State Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
+       3.1.4.  Statistics  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
+     3.2.  Outline of MIB Module Organization  . . . . . . . . . . .  12
+     3.3.  Detailed MIB Module Walk-Through  . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
+       3.3.1.  Textual Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
+       3.3.2.  Notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
+       3.3.3.  The Subscriber Table: natv2SubscriberTable  . . . . .  14
+       3.3.4.  The Instance Table: natv2InstanceTable  . . . . . . .  15
+       3.3.5.  The Protocol Table: natv2ProtocolTable  . . . . . . .  15
+       3.3.6.  The Address Pool Table: natv2PoolTable  . . . . . . .  16
+       3.3.7.  The Address Pool Address Range Table:
+               natv2PoolRangeTable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
+       3.3.8.  The Address Map Table: natv2AddressMapTable . . . . .  17
+       3.3.9.  The Port Map Table: natv2PortMapTable . . . . . . . .  17
+     3.4.  Conformance: Three Application Scenarios  . . . . . . . .  18
+   4.  Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
+   5.  Operational and Management Considerations . . . . . . . . . .  74
+     5.1.  Configuration Requirements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  74
+     5.2.  Transition from and Coexistence with NAT-MIB (RFC 4008) .  76
+   6.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  78
+   7.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  81
+   8.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  81
+     8.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  81
+     8.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  82
+   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  84
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                    [Page 2]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+1.  The Internet-Standard Management Framework
+
+   For a detailed overview of the documents that describe the current
+   Internet-Standard Management Framework, please refer to section 7 of
+   RFC 3410 [RFC3410].
+
+   Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed
+   the Management Information Base or MIB.  MIB objects are generally
+   accessed through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
+   Objects in the MIB are defined using the mechanisms defined in the
+   Structure of Management Information (SMI).  This memo specifies a MIB
+   module that is compliant to the SMIv2, which is described in STD 58,
+   RFC 2578 [RFC2578], STD 58, RFC 2579 [RFC2579] and STD 58, RFC 2580
+   [RFC2580].
+
+2.  Introduction
+
+   This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB)
+   for devices implementing NAT functions.  This MIB module, NATV2-MIB,
+   may be used for the monitoring of such devices.  NATV2-MIB supersedes
+   NAT-MIB [RFC4008], which did not fit well with existing NAT
+   implementations, and hence was not itself much implemented.
+   [RFC7658] provides a detailed analysis of the deficiencies of
+   NAT-MIB.
+
+   Relative to [RFC4008] and based on the analysis just mentioned, the
+   present document introduces the following changes:
+
+   o  removed all writable configuration except that related to control
+      of the generation of notifications and the setting of quotas on
+      the use of NAT resources;
+
+   o  minimized the read-only exposure of configuration to what is
+      needed to provide context for the state and statistical
+      information presented by the MIB module;
+
+   o  removed the association between mapping and interfaces, retaining
+      only the mapping aspect;
+
+   o  replaced references to NAT types with references to NAT behaviors
+      as specified in [RFC4787];
+
+   o  replaced a module-specific enumeration of protocols with the
+      standard protocol numbers provided by the IANA Protocol Numbers
+      registry.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                    [Page 3]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   This MIB module adds the following features not present in [RFC4008]:
+
+   o  additional writable protective limits on NAT state data;
+
+   o  additional objects to report state, statistics, and notifications;
+
+   o  support for the carrier-grade NAT (CGN) application, including
+      subscriber-awareness, support for an arbitrary number of address
+      realms, and support for multiple NAT instances running on a single
+      device;
+
+   o  expanded support for address pools;
+
+   o  revised indexing of port map entries to simplify traceback from
+      externally observable packet parameters to the corresponding
+      internal endpoint.
+
+   These features are described in more detail below.
+
+   The remainder of this document is organized as follows:
+
+   o  Section 3 provides a verbal description of the content and
+      organization of the MIB module.
+
+   o  Section 4 provides the MIB module definition.
+
+   o  Section 5 discusses operational and management issues relating to
+      the deployment of NATV2-MIB.  One of these issues is NAT
+      management when both NAT-MIB [RFC4008] and NATV2-MIB are deployed.
+
+   o  Sections 6 and 7 provide a security discussion and a request to
+      IANA for allocation of an object identifier for the module in the
+      mib-2 tree, respectively.
+
+   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
+   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
+   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
+   [RFC2119].
+
+   This document uses the following terminology:
+
+   Upper-layer protocol:  The protocol following the outer IP header of
+      a packet.  This follows the terminology of [RFC2460], but as that
+      document points out, "upper" is not necessarily a correct
+      description of the protocol relationships (e.g., where IP is
+      encapsulated in IP).  The abbreviated term "protocol" will often
+      be used where it is unambiguous.
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                    [Page 4]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   Trigger:  With respect to notifications, the logical recognition of
+      the event that the notification is intended to report.
+
+   Report:  The actual production of a notification message.  Reporting
+      can happen later than triggering, or may never happen for a given
+      notification instance, because of the operation of notification
+      rate controls.
+
+   Address realm:  A network domain in which the network addresses are
+      uniquely assigned to entities such that datagrams can be routed to
+      them.  (Definition taken from [RFC2663], Section 2.1.)  The
+      abbreviated term "realm" will often be used.
+
+3.  Overview
+
+   This section provides a prose description of the contents and
+   organization of the NATV2-MIB module.
+
+3.1.  Content Provided by the NATV2-MIB Module
+
+   The content provided by the NATV2-MIB module can be classed under
+   four headings: configuration data, notifications, state information,
+   and statistics.
+
+3.1.1.  Configuration Data
+
+   As mentioned above, the intent in designing the NATV2-MIB module was
+   to minimize the amount of configuration data presented to that needed
+   to give a context for interpreting the other types of information
+   provided.  Detailed descriptions of the configuration data are
+   included with the descriptions of the individual tables.  In general,
+   that data is limited to what is needed for indexing and cross-
+   referencing between tables.  The two exceptions are the objects
+   describing NAT instance behavior in the NAT instance table and the
+   detailed enumeration of resources allocated to each address pool in
+   the pool table and its extension.
+
+   The NATV2-MIB module provides three sets of read-write objects,
+   specifically related to other aspects of the module content.  The
+   first set controls the rate at which specific notifications are
+   generated.  The second set provides thresholds used to trigger the
+   notifications.  These objects are listed in Section 3.1.2.
+
+   A third set of read-write objects sets limits on resource consumption
+   per NAT instance and per subscriber.  When these limits are reached,
+   packets requiring further consumption of the given resource are
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                    [Page 5]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   dropped rather than translated.  Statistics described in
+   Section 3.1.4 record the numbers of packets dropped.  Limits are
+   provided for:
+
+   o  total number of address map entries over the NAT instance.  Limit
+      is set by object natv2InstanceLimitAddressMapEntries in table
+      natv2InstanceTable.  Dropped packets are counted in
+      natv2InstanceAddressMapEntryLimitDrops in that table.
+
+   o  total number of port map entries over the NAT instance.  Limit is
+      set by object natv2InstanceLimitPortMapEntries in table
+      natv2InstanceTable.  Dropped packets are counted in
+      natv2InstancePortMapEntryLimitDrops in that table.
+
+   o  total number of held fragments (applicable only when the NAT
+      instance can receive fragments out of order; see [RFC4787],
+      Section 11).  Limit is set by object
+      natv2InstanceLimitPendingFragments in table natv2InstanceTable.
+      Dropped packets are counted by natv2InstanceFragmentDrops in the
+      same table.
+
+   o  total number of active subscribers (i.e., subscribers having at
+      least one mapping table entry) over the NAT instance.  Limit is
+      set by object natv2InstanceLimitSubscriberActives in table
+      natv2InstanceTable.  Dropped packets are counted by
+      natv2InstanceSubscriberActiveLimitDrops in the same table.
+
+   o  number of port map entries for an individual subscriber.  Limit is
+      set by object natv2SubscriberLimitPortMapEntries in table
+      natv2SubscriberTable.  Dropped packets are counted by
+      natv2SubscriberPortMapFailureDrops in the same table.  Note that,
+      unlike in the instance table, the per-subscriber count is lumped
+      in with the count of packets dropped because of failures to
+      allocate a port map entry for other reasons to save on storage.
+
+3.1.2.  Notifications
+
+   NATV2-MIB provides five notifications, intended to provide warning of
+   the need to provision or reallocate NAT resources.  As indicated in
+   the previous section, each notification is associated with two read-
+   write objects: a control on the rate at which that notification is
+   generated and a threshold value used to trigger the notification in
+   the first place.  The default setting within the MIB module
+   specification is that all notifications are disabled.  The setting of
+   threshold values is discussed in Section 5.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                    [Page 6]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   The five notifications are as follows:
+
+   o  Two notifications relate to the management of address pools.  One
+      indicates that usage equals or exceeds an upper threshold and is
+      therefore a warning that the pool may be over-utilized unless more
+      addresses are assigned to it.  The other notification indicates
+      that usage equals or has fallen below a lower threshold,
+      suggesting that some addresses allocated to that pool could be
+      reallocated to other pools.  Address pool usage is calculated as
+      the percentage of the total number of ports allocated to the
+      address pool that are already in use, for the most-mapped protocol
+      at the time the notification is generated.  The notifications
+      identify that protocol and report the number of port map entries
+      for that protocol in the given address pool at the moment the
+      notification was triggered.
+
+   o  Two notifications relate to the number of address and port map
+      entries, respectively, in total over the whole NAT instance.  In
+      both cases, the threshold that triggers the notification is an
+      upper threshold.  The notifications return the number of mapping
+      entries of the given type, plus a cumulative counter of the number
+      of entries created in that mapping table at the moment the
+      notification was triggered.  The intent is that the notifications
+      provide a warning that the total number of address or port map
+      entries is approaching the configured limit.
+
+   o  The final notification is generated on a per-subscriber basis when
+      the number of port map entries for that subscriber crosses the
+      associated threshold.  The objects returned by this notification
+      are similar to those returned for the instance-level mapping
+      notifications.  This notification is a warning that the number of
+      port map entries for the subscriber is approaching the configured
+      limit for that subscriber.
+
+   Here is a detailed specification of the notifications.  A given
+   notification can be disabled by setting the threshold to -1
+   (default).
+
+   Notification: natv2NotificationPoolUsageLow.  Indicates that address
+   pool usage for the most-mapped protocol equals or is less than the
+   threshold value.
+
+   Compared value:  natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries as a percentage of
+      total available ports in the pool.
+
+   Threshold:  natv2PoolThresholdUsageLow in natv2PoolTable.
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                    [Page 7]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   Objects returned:  natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries and
+      natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapProtocol in natv2PoolTable.
+
+   Rate control:  natv2PoolNotificationInterval in natv2PoolTable.
+
+   Notification: natv2NotificationPoolUsageHigh.  Indicates that address
+   pool usage for the most-mapped protocol has risen to the threshold
+   value or more.
+
+   Compared value:  natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries as a percentage of
+      total available ports in the pool.
+
+   Threshold:  natv2PoolThresholdUsageHigh in natv2PoolTable.
+
+   Objects returned:  natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries and
+      natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapProtocol in natv2PoolTable.
+
+   Rate control:  natv2PoolNotificationInterval in natv2PoolTable.
+
+   Notification: natv2NotificationInstanceAddressMapEntriesHigh.
+   Indicates that the total number of entries in the address map table
+   over the whole NAT instance equals or exceeds the threshold value.
+
+   Compared value:  natv2InstanceAddressMapEntries in
+      natv2InstanceTable.
+
+   Threshold:  natv2InstanceThresholdAddressMapEntriesHigh in
+      natv2InstanceTable.
+
+   Objects returned:  natv2InstanceAddressMapEntries and
+      natv2InstanceAddressMapCreations in natv2InstanceTable.
+
+   Rate control:  natv2InstanceNotificationInterval in
+      natv2InstanceTable.
+
+   Notification: natv2NotificationInstancePortMapEntriesHigh.  Indicates
+   that the total number of entries in the port map table over the whole
+   NAT instance equals or exceeds the threshold value.
+
+   Compared value:  natv2InstancePortMapEntries in natv2InstanceTable.
+
+   Threshold:  natv2InstanceThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh in
+      natv2InstanceTable.
+
+   Objects returned:  natv2InstancePortMapEntries and
+      natv2InstancePortMapCreations in natv2InstanceTable.
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                    [Page 8]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   Rate control:  natv2InstanceNotificationInterval in
+      natv2InstanceTable.
+
+   Notification: natv2NotificationSubscriberPortMapEntriesHigh.
+   Indicates that the total number of entries in the port map table for
+   the given subscriber equals or exceeds the threshold value configured
+   for that subscriber.
+
+   Compared value:  natv2SubscriberPortMapEntries in
+      natv2SubscriberTable.
+
+   Threshold:  natv2SubscriberThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh in
+      natv2SubscriberTable.
+
+   Objects returned:  natv2SubscriberPortMapEntries and
+      natv2SubscriberPortMapCreations in natv2SubscriberTable.
+
+   Rate control:  natv2SubscriberNotificationInterval in
+      natv2SubscriberTable.
+
+3.1.3.  State Information
+
+   State information provides a snapshot of the content and extent of
+   the NAT mapping tables at a given moment of time.  The address and
+   port mapping tables are described in detail below.  In addition to
+   these tables, two state variables are provided: current number of
+   entries in the address mapping table, and current number of entries
+   in the port mapping table.  With one exception, these are provided at
+   four levels of granularity: per NAT instance, per protocol, per
+   address pool, and per subscriber.  Address map entries are not
+   tracked per protocol, since address mapping is protocol independent.
+
+3.1.4.  Statistics
+
+   NATV2-MIB provides a number of counters, intended to help with both
+   the provisioning of the NAT and the debugging of problems.  As with
+   the state data, these counters are provided at the four levels of NAT
+   instance, protocol, address pool, and subscriber when they make
+   sense.  Each counter is cumulative, beginning from a "last
+   discontinuity time" recorded by an object that is usually in the
+   table containing the counter.
+
+   The basic set of counters, as reflected in the NAT instance table, is
+   as follows:
+
+   Translations:  number of packets processed and translated (in this
+      case, in total for the NAT instance).
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                    [Page 9]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   Address map entry creations:  cumulative number of address map
+      entries created, including static mappings.
+
+   Port map entry creations:  cumulative number of port map entries
+      created, including static mappings.
+
+   Address map limit drops:  cumulative number of packets dropped rather
+      than translated because the packet would have triggered the
+      creation of a new address mapping, but the configured limit on
+      number of address map entries has already been reached.
+
+   Port map limit drops:  cumulative number of packets dropped rather
+      than translated because the packet would have triggered the
+      creation of a new port mapping, but the configured limit on number
+      of port map entries has already been reached.
+
+   Active subscriber limit drops:  cumulative number of packets dropped
+      rather than translated because the packet would have triggered the
+      creation of a new address and/or port mapping for a subscriber
+      with no existing entries in either table, but the configured limit
+      on number of active subscribers has already been reached.
+
+   Address mapping failure drops:  cumulative number of packets dropped
+      because the packet would have triggered the creation of a new
+      address mapping, but no address could be allocated in the external
+      realm concerned because all addresses from the selected address
+      pool (or the whole realm, if no address pool has been configured
+      for that realm) have already been fully allocated.
+
+   Port mapping failure drops:  cumulative number of packets dropped
+      because the packet would have triggered the creation of a new port
+      mapping, but no port could be allocated for the protocol
+      concerned.  The precise conditions under which these packet drops
+      occur depend on the pooling behavior [RFC4787] configured or
+      implemented in the NAT instance.  See the DESCRIPTION clause for
+      the natv2InstancePortMapFailureDrops object for a detailed
+      description of the different cases.  These cases were defined with
+      care to ensure that address mapping failure could be distinguished
+      from port mapping failure.
+
+   Fragment drops:  cumulative number of packets dropped because the
+      packet contains a fragment, and the fragment behavior [RFC4787]
+      configured or implemented in the NAT instance indicates that the
+      packet should be dropped.  The main case is a NAT instance that
+      meets REQ-14 of [RFC4787], hence it can receive and process out-
+      of-order fragments.  In that case, dropping occurs only when the
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 10]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+      configured limit on pending fragments provided by NATV2-MIB has
+      already been reached.  The other cases are detailed in the
+      DESCRIPTION clause of the natv2InstanceFragmentBehavior object.
+
+   Other resource drops:  cumulative number of packets dropped because
+      of unavailability of some other resource.  The most likely case
+      would be packets where the upper-layer protocol is not one
+      supported by the NAT instance.
+
+   Table 1 indicates the granularities at which these statistics are
+   reported.
+
+   +-----------------------+------------+----------+------+------------+
+   | Statistic             |    NAT     | Protocol | Pool | Subscriber |
+   |                       |  Instance  |          |      |            |
+   +-----------------------+------------+----------+------+------------+
+   | Translations          |    Yes     |   Yes    |  No  |    Yes     |
+   |                       |            |          |      |            |
+   | Address map entry     |    Yes     |    No    | Yes  |    Yes     |
+   | creations             |            |          |      |            |
+   |                       |            |          |      |            |
+   | Port map entry        |    Yes     |   Yes    | Yes  |    Yes     |
+   | creations             |            |          |      |            |
+   |                       |            |          |      |            |
+   | Address map limit     |    Yes     |    No    |  No  |     No     |
+   | drops                 |            |          |      |            |
+   |                       |            |          |      |            |
+   | Port map limit drops  |    Yes     |    No    |  No  |    Yes     |
+   |                       |            |          |      |            |
+   | Active subscriber     |    Yes     |    No    |  No  |     No     |
+   | limit drops           |            |          |      |            |
+   |                       |            |          |      |            |
+   | Address mapping       |    Yes     |    No    | Yes  |    Yes     |
+   | failure drops         |            |          |      |            |
+   |                       |            |          |      |            |
+   | Port mapping failure  |    Yes     |   Yes    | Yes  |    Yes     |
+   | drops                 |            |          |      |            |
+   |                       |            |          |      |            |
+   | Fragment drops        |    Yes     |    No    |  No  |     No     |
+   |                       |            |          |      |            |
+   | Other resource drops  |    Yes     |    No    |  No  |     No     |
+   +-----------------------+------------+----------+------+------------+
+
+           Table 1: Statistics Provided By Level of Granularity
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 11]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+3.2.  Outline of MIB Module Organization
+
+   Figure 1 shows how object identifiers are organized in the NATV2-MIB
+   module.  Under the general natv2MIB object identifier in the mib-2
+   tree, the objects are classed into four groups:
+
+   natv2MIBNotifications(0):  identifies the five notifications
+      described in Section 3.1.2.
+
+   natv2MIBDeviceObjects(1):  identifies objects relating to the whole
+      device, specifically, the subscriber table.
+
+   natv2MIBInstanceObjects(2):  identifies objects relating to
+      individual NAT instances.  These include the NAT instance table,
+      the protocol table, the address pool table and its address range
+      expansion, the address map table, and the port map table.
+
+   natv2MIBConformance(3):  identifies the group and compliance clauses,
+      specified for the three application scenarios described in
+      Section 3.4.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 12]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+                              natv2MIB
+                                  |
+              +-------------+-------------+-------------+
+              |             |             |             |
+                            |             |             |
+              0             |             |             |
+    natv2MIBNotifications   |             |             |
+       |                                  |             |
+       |                    1             |             |
+       |          natv2MIBDeviceObjects   |             |
+      Five            |                                 |
+   notifications      |                   2             |
+                      |         natv2MIBInstanceObjects |
+                      |             |
+                  Subscriber        |                   3
+                  table             |         natv2MIBConformance
+                                    |                   |
+                                    |                   |
+                                    Six per-NAT-        |
+                                instance tables         |
+                                                        |
+                          +----------------------+-------
+                          |                      |
+                          |                      |
+
+                          1                      2
+                 natv2MIBCompliances       natv2MIBGroups
+                          |                      |
+                          |                      |
+                        Basic                  Basic
+                        pooled                 pooled
+                   carrier-grade NAT     carrier-grade NAT
+
+        Figure 1: Organization of Object Identifiers for NATV2-MIB
+
+3.3.  Detailed MIB Module Walk-Through
+
+   This section reviews the contents of the NATV2-MIB module.  The table
+   descriptions include references to subsections of Section 3.1 where
+   desirable to avoid repetition of that information.
+
+3.3.1.  Textual Conventions
+
+   The module defines four key textual conventions: ProtocolNumber,
+   Natv2SubscriberIndex, Natv2InstanceIndex, and Natv2PoolIndex.
+   ProtocolNumber is based on the IANA registry of protocol numbers and
+   hence is potentially reusable by other MIB modules.
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 13]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   Objects of type Natv2SubscriberIndex identify individual subscribers
+   served by the NAT device.  The values of these identifiers are
+   administered and, in intent, are permanently associated with their
+   respective subscribers.  Reuse of a value after a subscriber has been
+   deleted is discouraged.  The scope of the subscriber index was
+   defined to be at the device rather than the NAT instance level to
+   make it easier to shift subscribers between instances (e.g., for load
+   balancing).
+
+   Objects of type Natv2InstanceIndex identify specific NAT instances on
+   the device.  Again, these are administered values intended to be
+   permanently associated with the NAT instances to which they have been
+   assigned.
+
+   Objects of type Natv2PoolIndex identify individual address pools in a
+   given NAT instance.  As with the subscriber and instance index
+   objects, the pool identifiers are administered and intended to be
+   permanently associated with their respective pools.
+
+3.3.2.  Notifications
+
+   Notifications were described in Section 3.1.2.
+
+3.3.3.  The Subscriber Table: natv2SubscriberTable
+
+   Table natv2SubscriberTable is indexed by the subscriber index.  One
+   conceptual row contains information relating to a specific
+   subscriber: the subscriber's internal address or prefix for
+   correlation with other management information; state and statistical
+   information as described in Sections 3.1.3 and 3.1.4; the per-
+   subscriber control objects described in Section 3.1.1; and
+   natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime, which provides a timestamp of the
+   latest time following, which the statistics have accumulated without
+   discontinuity.
+
+   Turning back to the address information for a moment: this
+   information includes the identity of the address realm in which the
+   address is routable.  That enables support of an arbitrary number of
+   address realms on the same NAT instance.  Address realm identifiers
+   are administered values in the form of a limited-length
+   SnmpAdminString.  In the absence of configuration to the contrary,
+   the default realm for all internal addresses as recorded in mapping
+   entries is "internal".
+
+      The term "address realm" is defined in [RFC2663], Section 2.1 and
+      reused in subsequent NAT-related documents.
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 14]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   In the special case of Dual-Stack Lite (DS-Lite) [RFC6333], for
+   unique matching of the subscriber data to other information in the
+   MIB module, it is necessary that the address information should
+   relate to the outer IPv6 header of packets going to or from the host,
+   with the address realm being the one in which that IPv6 address is
+   routable.  The presentation of address information for other types of
+   tunneled access to the NAT is out of scope.
+
+3.3.4.  The Instance Table: natv2InstanceTable
+
+   Table natv2InstanceTable is indexed by an object of type
+   Natv2InstanceIndex.  A conceptual row of this table provides
+   information relating to a particular NAT instance configured on the
+   device.
+
+   Configuration information provided by this table includes an instance
+   name of type DisplayString that may have been configured for this
+   instance and a set of objects indicating, respectively, the port
+   mapping, filtering, pooling, and fragment behaviors configured or
+   implemented in the instance.  These behaviors are all defined in
+   [RFC4787].  Their values affect the interpretation of some of the
+   statistics provided in the instance table.
+
+   Read-write objects listed in Section 3.1.2 set the notification rate
+   for instance-level notifications and set the thresholds that trigger
+   them.  Additional read-write objects described in Section 3.1.1 set
+   limits on the number of address and port mapping entries, number of
+   pending fragments, and number of active subscribers for the instance.
+
+   The state and statistical information provided by this table consists
+   of the per-instance items described in Sections 3.1.3 and 3.1.4,
+   respectively. natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime is a timestamp giving
+   the time beyond which all of the statistical counters in
+   natv2InstanceTable are guaranteed to have accumulated continuously.
+
+3.3.5.  The Protocol Table: natv2ProtocolTable
+
+   The protocol table is indexed by the NAT instance number and an
+   object of type ProtocolNumber as described in Section 3.3.1 (i.e., an
+   IANA-registered protocol number).  The set of protocols supported by
+   the NAT instance is implementation dependent, but they MUST include
+   ICMP(1), TCP(6), UDP(17), and ICMPv6(58).  Depending on the
+   application, it SHOULD include IPv4 encapsulation(4), IPv6
+   encapsulation(41), IPsec AH(51), and SCTP(132).  Support of PIM(103)
+   is highly desirable.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 15]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   This table includes no configuration information.  The state and
+   statistical information provided by this table consists of the per-
+   protocol items described in Sections 3.1.3 and 3.1.4, respectively.
+   natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime in natv2InstanceTable is reused as the
+   timestamp giving the time beyond which all of the statistical
+   counters in natv2ProtocolTable are guaranteed to have accumulated
+   continuously.  The reasoning is that any event affecting the
+   continuity of per-protocol statistics will affect the continuity of
+   NAT instance statistics, and vice versa.
+
+3.3.6.  The Address Pool Table: natv2PoolTable
+
+   The address pool table is indexed by the NAT instance identifier for
+   the instance on which it is provisioned, plus a pool index of type
+   Natv2PoolIndex.  Configuration information provided includes the
+   address realm for which the pool provides addresses, the type of
+   address (IPv4 or IPv6) supported by the realm, plus the port range it
+   makes available for allocation.  The same set of port numbers (or, in
+   the ICMP case, identifier values) is made available for every
+   protocol supported by the NAT instance.  The port range is specified
+   in terms of minimum and maximum port number.
+
+   The state and statistical information provided by this table consists
+   of the per-pool items described in Sections 3.1.3 and 3.1.4
+   respectively, plus two additional state objects described below.
+   natv2PoolTable provides the pool-specific object
+   natv2PoolDiscontinuityTime to indicate the time since the statistical
+   counters have accumulated continuously.
+
+   Read-write objects to set high and low thresholds for pool usage
+   notifications and for governing the notification rate were identified
+   in Section 3.1.2.
+
+      Implementation note: the thresholds are defined in terms of
+      percentage of available port utilization.  The number of available
+      ports in a pool is equal to (max port - min port + 1) (from the
+      natv2PoolTable configuration information) multiplied by the number
+      of addresses provisioned in the pool (sum of number of addresses
+      provided by each natv2PoolRangeTable conceptual row relating to
+      that pool).  At configuration time, the thresholds can be
+      recalculated in terms of total number of port map entries
+      corresponding to the configured percentage, so that runtime
+      comparisons to the current number of port map entries require no
+      further arithmetic operations.
+
+   natv2PoolTable also provides two state objects that are returned with
+   the notifications.  natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapProtocol identifies the
+   most-mapped protocol at the time the notification was triggered.
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 16]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries provides the total number of port map
+   entries for that protocol using addresses owned by this pool at that
+   same time.
+
+3.3.7.  The Address Pool Address Range Table: natv2PoolRangeTable
+
+   natv2PoolRangeTable provides configuration information only.  It is
+   an expansion of natv2PoolTable giving the address ranges with which a
+   given address pool has been configured.  As such, it is indexed by
+   the combination of NAT instance index, address pool index, and a
+   conceptual row index, where each conceptual row conveys a different
+   address range.  The address range is specified in terms of lowest
+   address, highest address rather than the usual prefix notation to
+   provide maximum flexibility.
+
+3.3.8.  The Address Map Table: natv2AddressMapTable
+
+   The address map table provides a table of mappings from internal to
+   external address at a given moment.  It is indexed by the combination
+   of NAT instance index, internal realm, internal address type (IPv4 or
+   IPv6) in that realm, the internal address of the local host for which
+   the map entry was created, and a conceptual row index to traverse all
+   of the entries relating to the same internal address.
+
+   In the special case of DS-Lite [RFC6333], the internal address and
+   realm used in the index are those of the IPv6 outer header.  The IPv4
+   source address for the inner header, for which [RFC6333] has reserved
+   addresses in the 192.0.0.0/29 range, is captured in two additional
+   objects in the corresponding conceptual row:
+   natv2AddressMapInternalMappedAddressType and
+   natv2AddressMapInternalMappedAddress.  In cases other than DS-Lite
+   access, these objects have no meaning.  (Other tunneled access is out
+   of scope.)
+
+   The additional information provided by natv2AddressMapTable consists
+   of the external realm, address type in that realm, and mapped
+   external address.  Depending on implementation support, the table
+   also provides the index of the address pool from which the external
+   address was drawn and the index of the subscriber to which the map
+   entry belongs.
+
+3.3.9.  The Port Map Table: natv2PortMapTable
+
+   The port map table provides a table of mappings by protocol from
+   external port, address, and realm to internal port, address, and
+   realm.  As such, it is indexed by the combination of NAT instance
+   index, protocol number, external realm identifier, address type in
+   that realm, external address, and external port.  The mapping from
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 17]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   external realm, address, and port to internal realm, address, and
+   port is unique, so no conceptual row index is needed.  The indexing
+   is designed to make it easy to trace individual sessions back to the
+   host, based on the contents of packets observed in the external
+   realm.
+
+   Beyond the indexing, the information provided by the port map table
+   consists of the internal realm, address type, address, and port
+   number, and, depending on implementation support, the index of the
+   subscriber to which the map entry belongs.
+
+   As with the address map table, special provision is made for the case
+   of DS-Lite [RFC6333].  The realm and outgoing source address are
+   those for the outer header, and the address type is IPv6.  Additional
+   objects natv2PortMapInternalMappedAddressType and
+   natv2PortMapInternalMappedAddress capture the outgoing source address
+   in the inner header, which will be in the well-known 192.0.0.0/29
+   range.
+
+3.4.  Conformance: Three Application Scenarios
+
+   The conformance statements in NATV2-MIB provide for three application
+   scenarios: basic NAT, NAT supporting address pools, and CGN.
+
+   A basic NAT MAY limit the number of NAT instances it supports to one,
+   but it MUST support indexing by NAT instance.  Similarly, a basic NAT
+   MAY limit the number of realms it supports to two.  By definition, a
+   basic NAT is not required to support the subscriber table, the
+   address pool table, or the address pool address range table.  Some
+   individual objects in other tables are also not relevant to basic
+   NAT.
+
+   A NAT supporting address pools adds the address pool table and the
+   address pool address range table to what it implements.  Some
+   individual objects in other tables also need to be implemented.  A
+   NAT supporting address pools MUST support more than two realms.
+
+   Finally, a CGN MUST support the full contents of the MIB module.
+   That includes the subscriber table, but it also includes the special
+   provision for DS-Lite access in the address and port map tables.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 18]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+4.  Definitions
+
+   This MIB module IMPORTs objects from [RFC2578], [RFC2579], [RFC2580],
+   [RFC3411], and [RFC4001].
+
+NATV2-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
+
+IMPORTS
+     MODULE-IDENTITY,
+     OBJECT-TYPE,
+     Integer32,
+     Unsigned32,
+     Counter64,
+     mib-2,
+     NOTIFICATION-TYPE
+             FROM SNMPv2-SMI          -- RFC 2578
+     TEXTUAL-CONVENTION,
+     DisplayString,
+     TimeStamp
+             FROM SNMPv2-TC           -- RFC 2579
+     MODULE-COMPLIANCE,
+     NOTIFICATION-GROUP,
+     OBJECT-GROUP
+             FROM SNMPv2-CONF         -- RFC 2580
+     SnmpAdminString
+             FROM SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB  -- RFC 3411
+     InetAddressType,
+     InetAddress,
+     InetAddressPrefixLength,
+     InetPortNumber
+             FROM INET-ADDRESS-MIB;   -- RFC 4001
+
+natv2MIB MODULE-IDENTITY
+     LAST-UPDATED "201510020000Z" -- 2 October 2015
+
+     ORGANIZATION
+             "IETF Behavior Engineering for Hindrance
+               Avoidance (BEHAVE) Working Group"
+     CONTACT-INFO
+             "Working Group Email: behave@ietf.org
+
+              Simon Perreault
+              Jive Communications
+              Quebec, QC
+              Canada
+
+              Email: sperreault@jive.com
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 19]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+              Tina Tsou
+              Huawei Technologies
+              Bantian, Longgang
+              Shenzhen 518129
+              China
+
+              Email: tina.tsou.zouting@huawei.com
+
+              Senthil Sivakumar
+              Cisco Systems
+              7100-8 Kit Creek Road
+              Research Triangle Park, North Carolina  27709
+              United States
+
+              Phone: +1 919 392 5158
+              Email: ssenthil@cisco.com
+
+              Tom Taylor
+              PT Taylor Consulting
+              Ottawa
+              Canada
+
+              Email: tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com"
+
+     DESCRIPTION
+             "This MIB module defines the generic managed objects
+              for NAT.
+
+              Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons
+              identified as authors of the code.  All rights reserved.
+
+              Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with
+              or without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and
+              subject to the license terms contained in, the Simplified
+              BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's
+              Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
+              (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
+
+              This version of this MIB module is part of RFC 7659;
+              see the RFC itself for full legal notices."
+     REVISION     "201510020000Z" -- 2 October 2015
+     DESCRIPTION
+             "Complete rewrite, published as RFC 7659.
+              Replaces former version published as RFC 4008."
+     ::= { mib-2 234 }
+
+-- Textual conventions
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 20]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+ProtocolNumber ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
+    DISPLAY-HINT "d"
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "A protocol number, from the IANA Protocol Numbers
+         registry."
+    REFERENCE
+        "IANA Protocol Numbers,
+         <http://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers>"
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32 (0..255)
+
+Natv2SubscriberIndex ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
+    DISPLAY-HINT "d"
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "A unique value, greater than zero, for each subscriber
+         in the managed system.  The value for each
+         subscriber MUST remain constant at least from one
+         update of the entity's natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime
+         object until the next update of that object.  If a
+         subscriber is deleted, its assigned index value MUST NOT
+         be assigned to another subscriber at least until
+         reinitialization of the entity's management system."
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..4294967295)
+
+Natv2SubscriberIndexOrZero ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
+    DISPLAY-HINT "d"
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "This textual convention is an extension of the
+         Natv2SubscriberIndex convention.  The latter defines a
+         greater than zero value used to identify a subscriber in
+         the managed system.  This extension permits the additional
+         value of zero, which serves as a placeholder when no
+         subscriber is associated with the object."
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32 (0|1..4294967295)
+
+Natv2InstanceIndex ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
+    DISPLAY-HINT "d"
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "A unique value, greater than zero, for each NAT instance
+         in the managed system.  It is RECOMMENDED that values are
+         assigned contiguously starting from 1.  The value for each
+         NAT instance MUST remain constant at least from one
+         update of the entity's natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime
+         object until the next update of that object.  If a NAT
+         instance is deleted, its assigned index value MUST NOT
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 21]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         be assigned to another NAT instance at least until
+         reinitialization of the entity's management system."
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..4294967295)
+
+Natv2PoolIndex ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
+    DISPLAY-HINT "d"
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+       "A unique value over the containing NAT instance, greater than
+        zero, for each address pool supported by that NAT instance.
+        It is RECOMMENDED that values are assigned contiguously
+        starting from 1.  The value for each address pool MUST remain
+        constant at least from one update of the entity's
+        natv2PoolDiscontinuityTime object until the next update of
+        that object.  If an address pool is deleted, its assigned
+        index value MUST NOT be assigned to another address pool for
+        the same NAT instance at least until reinitialization of the
+        entity's management system."
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..4294967295)
+
+Natv2PoolIndexOrZero ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
+    DISPLAY-HINT "d"
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "This textual convention is an extension of the
+         Natv2PoolIndex convention.  The latter defines a greater
+         than zero value used to identify address pools in the
+         managed system.  This extension permits the additional
+         value of zero, which serves as a placeholder when the
+         implementation does not support address pools or no address
+         pool is configured in a given external realm."
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32 (0|1..4294967295)
+
+-- Notifications
+
+natv2MIBNotifications OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { natv2MIB 0 }
+
+natv2NotificationPoolUsageLow NOTIFICATION-TYPE
+    OBJECTS { natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries,
+              natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapProtocol  }
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "This notification is triggered when an address pool's usage
+         becomes less than or equal to the value of the
+         natv2PoolThresholdUsageLow object for that pool, unless the
+         notification has been disabled by setting the value of the
+         threshold to -1.  It is reported subject to the rate
+         limitation specified by natv2PortMapNotificationInterval.
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 22]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         Address pool usage is calculated as the percentage of the
+         total number of ports allocated to the address pool that are
+         already in use, for the most-mapped protocol at the time
+         the notification is triggered.  The two returned objects are
+         members of natv2PoolTable indexed by the NAT instance and
+         pool indices for which the event is being reported.  They
+         give the number of port map entries using external addresses
+         configured on the pool for the most-mapped protocol and
+         identify that protocol at the time the notification was
+         triggered."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Sections 3.1.2 and 3.3.6."
+    ::= { natv2MIBNotifications 1 }
+
+natv2NotificationPoolUsageHigh NOTIFICATION-TYPE
+    OBJECTS { natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries,
+              natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapProtocol  }
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "This notification is triggered when an address pool's usage
+         becomes greater than or equal to the value of the
+         natv2PoolThresholdUsageHigh object for that pool, unless
+         the notification has been disabled by setting the value of
+         the threshold to -1.  It is reported subject to the rate
+         limitation specified by natv2PortMapNotificationInterval.
+
+         Address pool usage is calculated as the percentage of the
+         total number of ports allocated to the address pool that are
+         already in use, for the most-mapped protocol at the time the
+         notification is triggered.  The two returned objects are
+         members of natv2PoolTable indexed by the NAT instance and
+         pool indices for which the event is being reported.  They
+         give the number of port map entries using external addresses
+         configured on the pool for the most-mapped protocol and
+         identify that protocol at the time the notification was
+         triggered."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Sections 3.1.2 and 3.3.6."
+    ::= { natv2MIBNotifications 2 }
+
+natv2NotificationInstanceAddressMapEntriesHigh NOTIFICATION-TYPE
+    OBJECTS { natv2InstanceAddressMapEntries,
+              natv2InstanceAddressMapCreations }
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "This notification is triggered when the value of
+         natv2InstanceAddressMapEntries equals or exceeds the value
+         of the natv2InstanceThresholdAddressMapEntriesHigh object
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 23]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         for the NAT instance, unless disabled by setting that
+         threshold to -1.  Reporting is subject to the rate limitation
+         given by natv2InstanceNotificationInterval.
+
+         natv2InstanceAddressMapEntries and
+         natv2InstanceAddressMapCreations are members of table
+         natv2InstanceTable indexed by the identifier of the NAT
+         instance for which the event is being reported.  The values
+         reported are those observed at the moment the notification
+         was triggered."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.1.2."
+    ::= { natv2MIBNotifications 3 }
+
+natv2NotificationInstancePortMapEntriesHigh NOTIFICATION-TYPE
+    OBJECTS { natv2InstancePortMapEntries,
+              natv2InstancePortMapCreations }
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "This notification is triggered when the value of
+         natv2InstancePortMapEntries becomes greater than or equal
+         to the value of natv2InstanceThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh,
+         unless disabled by setting that threshold to -1.  Reporting
+         is subject to the rate limitation given by
+         natv2InstanceNotificationInterval.
+
+         natv2InstancePortMapEntries and
+         natv2InstancePortMapCreations are members of table
+         natv2InstanceTable indexed by the identifier of the NAT
+         instance for which the event is being reported.  The values
+         reported are those observed at the moment the notification
+         was triggered."
+    ::= { natv2MIBNotifications 4 }
+
+natv2NotificationSubscriberPortMappingEntriesHigh
+NOTIFICATION-TYPE
+    OBJECTS { natv2SubscriberPortMapEntries,
+              natv2SubscriberPortMapCreations }
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "This notification is triggered when the value of
+         natv2SubscriberPortMapEntries for an individual subscriber
+         becomes greater than or equal to the value of the
+         natv2SubscriberThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh object for that
+         subscriber, unless disabled by setting that threshold to -1.
+         Reporting is subject to the rate limitation given by
+         natv2SubscriberNotificationInterval.
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 24]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         natv2SubscriberPortMapEntries and
+         natv2SubscriberPortMapCreations are members of table
+         natv2SubscriberTable indexed by the subscriber for
+         which the event is being reported.  The values
+         reported are those observed at the moment the notification
+         was triggered."
+    ::= { natv2MIBNotifications 5 }
+
+-- Device-level objects
+
+natv2MIBDeviceObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { natv2MIB 1 }
+
+-- Subscriber table
+
+natv2SubscriberTable OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF Natv2SubscriberEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Table of subscribers.  As well as the subscriber index, it
+         provides per-subscriber state and counter objects, a last
+         discontinuity time object for the counters, and a writable
+         threshold value and limit on port consumption."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.3."
+    ::= { natv2MIBDeviceObjects 1 }
+
+natv2SubscriberEntry OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2SubscriberEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Each entry describes a single subscriber."
+    INDEX { natv2SubscriberIndex }
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberTable 1 }
+
+Natv2SubscriberEntry ::=
+    SEQUENCE {
+        natv2SubscriberIndex                  Natv2SubscriberIndex,
+        natv2SubscriberInternalRealm               SnmpAdminString,
+        natv2SubscriberInternalPrefixType          InetAddressType,
+        natv2SubscriberInternalPrefix              InetAddress,
+        natv2SubscriberInternalPrefixLength InetAddressPrefixLength,
+-- State
+        natv2SubscriberAddressMapEntries           Unsigned32,
+        natv2SubscriberPortMapEntries              Unsigned32,
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 25]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+-- Counters and last discontinuity time
+        natv2SubscriberTranslations                Counter64,
+        natv2SubscriberAddressMapCreations         Counter64,
+        natv2SubscriberPortMapCreations            Counter64,
+        natv2SubscriberAddressMapFailureDrops      Counter64,
+        natv2SubscriberPortMapFailureDrops         Counter64,
+        natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime           TimeStamp,
+-- Read-write controls
+        natv2SubscriberLimitPortMapEntries         Unsigned32,
+-- Disable notifications by setting threshold to -1
+        natv2SubscriberThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh Integer32,
+-- Disable limit by setting to 0
+        natv2SubscriberNotificationInterval        Unsigned32
+    }
+
+natv2SubscriberIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2SubscriberIndex
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "A unique value, greater than zero, for each subscriber
+         in the managed system.  The value for each
+         subscriber MUST remain constant at least from one
+         update of the entity's natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime
+         object until the next update of that object.  If a
+         subscriber is deleted, its assigned index value MUST NOT
+         be assigned to another subscriber at least until
+         reinitialization of the entity's management system."
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 1 }
+
+-- Configuration for this subscriber: realm, internal address(es)
+
+natv2SubscriberInternalRealm OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(0..32))
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The address realm to which this subscriber belongs.  A realm
+         defines an address space.  All NATs support at least two
+         realms.
+
+         The default realm for subscribers is 'internal'.
+         Administrators can set other values for individual
+         subscribers when they are configured.  The administrator MAY
+         configure a new value of natv2SubscriberRealm at any time
+         subsequent to initial configuration of the subscriber.  If
+         this happens, it MUST be treated as a point of discontinuity
+         requiring an update of natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime.
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 26]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         When the subscriber sends a packet to the NAT through a
+         DS-Lite (RFC 6333) tunnel, this is the realm of the outer
+         packet header source address.  Other tunneled access is out
+         of scope."
+    REFERENCE
+         "Address realm: RFC 2663.  DS-Lite: RFC 6333."
+    DEFVAL
+        { "internal" }
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 2 }
+
+natv2SubscriberInternalPrefixType OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddressType
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Subscriber's internal prefix type.  Any value other than
+         ipv4(1) or ipv6(2) would be unexpected.  In the case of
+         DS-Lite access, this is the prefix type (IPv6(2)) used in
+         the outer packet header."
+    REFERENCE
+        "DS-Lite: RFC 6333."
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 3 }
+
+natv2SubscriberInternalPrefix OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddress
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Prefix assigned to a subscriber's Customer Premises Equipment
+         (CPE).  The type of this prefix is given by
+         natv2SubscriberInternalPrefixType.  Source addresses of packets
+         outgoing from the subscriber will be contained within this
+         prefix.  In the case of DS-Lite access, the source address
+         taken from the prefix will be that of the outer header."
+    REFERENCE
+        "DS-Lite: RFC 6333."
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 4 }
+
+natv2SubscriberInternalPrefixLength OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddressPrefixLength
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Length of the prefix assigned to a subscriber's CPE, in
+         bits.  If a single address is assigned, this will be 32
+         for IPv4 and 128 for IPv6."
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 5 }
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 27]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+-- State objects
+
+natv2SubscriberAddressMapEntries OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The current number of address map entries for the
+         subscriber, including static mappings.  An address map entry
+         maps from a given internal address and realm to an external
+         address in a particular external realm.  This definition
+         includes 'hairpin' mappings, where the external realm is the
+         same as the internal one.  Address map entries are also
+         tracked per instance and per address pool within the
+         instance."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.8."
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 6 }
+
+natv2SubscriberPortMapEntries OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The current number of port map entries in the port map table
+         for the subscriber, including static mappings.  A port map
+         entry maps from a given external realm, address, and port
+         for a given protocol to an internal realm, address, and
+         port.  This definition includes 'hairpin' mappings, where the
+         external realm is the same as the internal one.  Port map
+         entries are also tracked per instance and per protocol and
+         address pool within the instance."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.9."
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 7 }
+
+-- Counters and last discontinuity time
+
+natv2SubscriberTranslations OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of translated packets received from or
+         sent to this subscriber.  This value MUST be monotone
+         increasing in the periods between updates of the entity's
+         natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 28]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 8 }
+
+natv2SubscriberAddressMapCreations OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of address map entries created for
+         this subscriber, including static mappings.  Address map
+         entries are also tracked per instance and per protocol and
+         address pool within the instance.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in
+         the periods between updates of the entity's
+         natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 9 }
+
+natv2SubscriberPortMapCreations OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of port map entries created for this
+         subscriber, including static mappings.  Port map entries are
+         also tracked per instance and per protocol and address pool
+         within the instance.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the entity's
+         natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 10 }
+
+natv2SubscriberAddressMapFailureDrops OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 29]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of packets originated by this
+         subscriber that were dropped because the packet would have
+         triggered the creation of a new address map entry, but no
+         address could be allocated in the selected external realm
+         because all addresses from the selected address pool (or the
+         whole realm, if no address pool has been configured for that
+         realm) have already been fully allocated.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the entity's
+         natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 11 }
+
+natv2SubscriberPortMapFailureDrops OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of packets dropped because the
+         packet would have triggered the creation of a new
+         port mapping, but no port could be allocated for the
+         protocol concerned.  The usual case for this will be
+         for a NAT instance that supports address pooling and
+         the 'Paired' pooling behavior recommended by RFC 4787,
+         where the internal endpoint has used up all of the
+         ports allocated to it for the address it was mapped to
+         in the selected address pool in the external realm
+         concerned and cannot be given more ports because
+         - policy or implementation prevents it from having a
+           second address in the same pool, and
+         - policy or unavailability prevents it from acquiring
+           more ports at its originally assigned address.
+
+         If the NAT instance supports address pooling but its
+         pooling behavior is 'Arbitrary' (meaning that
+         the NAT instance can allocate a new port mapping for
+         the given internal endpoint on any address in the
+         selected address pool and is not bound to what it has
+         already mapped for that endpoint), then this counter
+         is incremented when all ports for the protocol concerned
+         over the whole of the selected address pool are already
+         in use.
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 30]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         As a third case, if no address pools have been configured
+         for the external realm concerned, then this counter is
+         incremented because all ports for the protocol involved over
+         the whole set of addresses available for that external realm
+         are already in use.
+
+         Finally, this counter is incremented if the packet would
+         have triggered the creation of a new port mapping, but the
+         current value of natv2SubscriberPortMapEntries equals or
+         exceeds the value of natv2SubscriberLimitPortMapEntries
+         for this subscriber (unless that limit is disabled).
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the entity's
+         natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime."
+    REFERENCE
+        "Pooling behavior: RFC 4787, end of Section 4.1."
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 12 }
+
+natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX TimeStamp
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Snapshot of the value of the sysUpTime object at the
+         beginning of the latest period of continuity of the
+         statistical counters associated with this subscriber."
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 14 }
+
+-- Per-subscriber limit and threshold on port mappings
+-- Disabled if set to zero
+natv2SubscriberLimitPortMapEntries OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-write
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Limit on total number of port mappings active for this
+         subscriber (natv2SubscriberPortMapEntries).  Once this limit
+         is reached, packets that might have triggered new port
+         mappings are dropped.  The number of such packets dropped is
+         counted in natv2InstancePortMapFailureDrops.
+
+         Limit is disabled if set to zero."
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 31]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    DEFVAL
+         { 0 }
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 15 }
+
+natv2SubscriberThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Integer32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-write
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Notification threshold for total number of port mappings
+         active for this subscriber.  Whenever
+         natv2SubscriberPortMapEntries is updated, if it equals or
+         exceeds natv2SubscriberThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh, the
+         notification
+         natv2NotificationSubscriberPortMappingEntriesHigh is
+         triggered, unless the notification is disabled by setting
+         the threshold to -1.  Reporting is subject to the minimum
+         inter-notification interval given by
+         natv2SubscriberNotificationInterval.  If multiple
+         notifications are triggered during one interval, the agent
+         MUST report only the one containing the highest value of
+         natv2SubscriberPortMapEntries and discard the others."
+    DEFVAL
+         { -1 }
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 16 }
+
+natv2SubscriberNotificationInterval OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..3600)
+    UNITS
+        "Seconds"
+    MAX-ACCESS read-write
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Minimum number of seconds between successive
+         reporting of notifications for this subscriber.  Controls
+         the reporting of
+         natv2NotificationSubscriberPortMappingEntriesHigh."
+    DEFVAL
+         { 60 }
+    ::= { natv2SubscriberEntry 17 }
+
+-- Per-NAT-instance objects
+
+natv2MIBInstanceObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { natv2MIB 2 }
+
+-- Instance table
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 32]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+natv2InstanceTable OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF Natv2InstanceEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Table of NAT instances.  As well as state and counter
+         objects, it provides the instance index, instance name, and
+         the last discontinuity time object that is applicable to
+         the counters.  It also contains writable thresholds for
+         reporting of notifications and limits on usage of resources
+         at the level of the NAT instance.
+
+         It is assumed that NAT instances can be created and deleted
+         dynamically, but this MIB module does not provide the means
+         to do so.  For restrictions on assignment and maintenance of
+         the NAT index instance, see the description of
+         natv2InstanceIndex in the table below.  For the requirements
+         on maintenance of the values of the counters in this table,
+         see the description of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime in
+         this table.
+
+         Each NAT instance has its own resources and behavior.  The
+         resources include memory as reflected in space for map
+         entries, processing power as reflected in the rate of map
+         creation and deletion, and mappable addresses in each realm
+         that can play the role of an external realm for at least
+         some mappings for that instance.  The NAT instance table
+         includes limits and notification thresholds that relate to
+         memory usage for mapping at the level of the whole instance.
+         The limit on number of subscribers with active mappings is a
+         limit to some extent on processor usage.
+
+         The mappable 'external' addresses may or may not be
+         organized into address pools.  For a definition of address
+         pools, see the description of natv2PoolTable.  If the instance
+         does support address pools, it also has a pooling behavior.
+         Mapping, filtering, and pooling behavior are defined in the
+         descriptions of the natv2InstancePortMappingBehavior,
+         natv2InstanceFilteringBehavior, and
+         natv2InstancePoolingBehavior objects in this table.  The
+         instance also has a fragmentation behavior, defined in the
+         description of the natv2InstanceFragmentBehavior object."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.4.
+         NAT behaviors: RFC 4787 (primary, UDP); RFC 5382 (TCP);
+         RFC 5508 (ICMP); and RFC 5597 (Datagram Congestion Control
+         Protocol (DCCP))."
+    ::= { natv2MIBInstanceObjects 1 }
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 33]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+natv2InstanceEntry OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2InstanceEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Objects related to a single NAT instance."
+    INDEX { natv2InstanceIndex }
+    ::= { natv2InstanceTable 1 }
+
+Natv2InstanceEntry ::=
+    SEQUENCE {
+         natv2InstanceIndex                    Natv2InstanceIndex,
+         natv2InstanceAlias                         DisplayString,
+-- Configured behaviors
+         natv2InstancePortMappingBehavior           INTEGER,
+         natv2InstanceFilteringBehavior             INTEGER,
+         natv2InstancePoolingBehavior               INTEGER,
+         natv2InstanceFragmentBehavior              INTEGER,
+-- State
+         natv2InstanceAddressMapEntries              Unsigned32,
+         natv2InstancePortMapEntries                 Unsigned32,
+-- Statistics and discontinuity time
+         natv2InstanceTranslations                   Counter64,
+         natv2InstanceAddressMapCreations            Counter64,
+         natv2InstancePortMapCreations               Counter64,
+         natv2InstanceAddressMapEntryLimitDrops      Counter64,
+         natv2InstancePortMapEntryLimitDrops         Counter64,
+         natv2InstanceSubscriberActiveLimitDrops     Counter64,
+         natv2InstanceAddressMapFailureDrops         Counter64,
+         natv2InstancePortMapFailureDrops            Counter64,
+         natv2InstanceFragmentDrops                  Counter64,
+         natv2InstanceOtherResourceFailureDrops      Counter64,
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime              TimeStamp,
+-- Notification thresholds, disabled if set to -1
+         natv2InstanceThresholdAddressMapEntriesHigh Integer32,
+         natv2InstanceThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh    Integer32,
+         natv2InstanceNotificationInterval           Unsigned32,
+-- Limits, disabled if set to 0
+         natv2InstanceLimitAddressMapEntries         Unsigned32,
+         natv2InstanceLimitPortMapEntries            Unsigned32,
+         natv2InstanceLimitPendingFragments          Unsigned32,
+         natv2InstanceLimitSubscriberActives         Unsigned32
+    }
+
+natv2InstanceIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2InstanceIndex
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 34]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "NAT instance index.  It is up to the implementation to
+         determine which values correspond to in-service NAT
+         instances.  This object is used as an index for all tables
+         defined below."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 1 }
+
+natv2InstanceAlias OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX DisplayString (SIZE (0..64))
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "This object is an 'alias' name for the NAT instance as
+         specified by a network manager and provides a non-volatile
+         'handle' for the instance.
+
+         An example of the value that a network manager might store
+         in this object for a NAT instance is the name/identifier of
+         the interface that brings in internal traffic for this NAT
+         instance or the name of the Virtual Routing and Forwarding
+         (VRF) for internal traffic."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 2 }
+
+-- Configured behaviors
+
+natv2InstancePortMappingBehavior OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX INTEGER {
+           endpointIndependent (0),
+           addressDependent (1),
+           addressAndPortDependent (2)
+        }
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Port mapping behavior is the policy governing the selection
+         of external address and port in a given realm for a given
+         five-tuple of source address and port, destination address
+         and port, and protocol.
+
+         endpointIndependent(0), the behavior REQUIRED by RFC 4787,
+         REQ-1, maps the source address and port to the same
+         external address and port for all destination address and
+         port combinations reached through the same external realm
+         and using the given protocol.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 35]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         addressDependent(1) maps to the same external address and
+         port for all destination ports at the same destination
+         address reached through the same external realm and using
+         the given protocol.
+
+         addressAndPortDependent(2) maps to a separate external
+         address and port combination for each different
+         destination address and port combination reached through
+         the same external realm."
+    REFERENCE
+         "RFC 4787, Section 4.1."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 3 }
+
+natv2InstanceFilteringBehavior OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX INTEGER {
+           endpointIndependent (0),
+           addressDependent (1),
+           addressAndPortDependent (2)
+        }
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Filtering behavior is the policy governing acceptance or
+         the dropping of packets incoming from remote sources via a
+         given external realm and destined to a specific three-tuple
+         of external address, port, and protocol at the NAT instance
+         that has been assigned in a port mapping.
+
+         endpointIndependent(0) accepts for translation packets from
+         all combinations of remote address and port destined to the
+         mapped external address and port via the given external
+         realm and using the given protocol.
+
+         addressDependent(1) accepts for translation packets from all
+         remote ports from the same remote source address destined to
+         the mapped external address and port via the given external
+         realm and using the given protocol.
+
+         addressAndPortDependent(2) accepts for translation only
+         those packets with the same remote source address, port, and
+         protocol incoming from the same external realm as identified
+         when the applicable port map entry was created.
+
+         RFC 4787, REQ-8 recommends either endpointIndependent(0) or
+         addressDependent(1) filtering behavior depending on whether
+         application friendliness or security takes priority."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 4787, Section 5."
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 36]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 4 }
+
+natv2InstancePoolingBehavior OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX INTEGER {
+           arbitrary (0),
+           paired (1)
+        }
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Pooling behavior is the policy used to select the address
+         for a new port mapping within a given address pool to which
+         the internal address has already been mapped.
+
+         arbitrary(0) pooling behavior means that the NAT instance
+         may create the new port mapping using any address in the
+         pool that has a free port for the protocol concerned.
+
+         paired(1) pooling behavior, the behavior RECOMMENDED by RFC
+         4787, REQ-2, means that once a given internal address has
+         been mapped to a particular address in a particular pool,
+         further mappings of the same internal address to that pool
+         will reuse the previously assigned pool member address."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 4787, near the end of Section 4.1"
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 5 }
+
+natv2InstanceFragmentBehavior OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX INTEGER {
+           fragmentNone (0),
+           fragmentInOrder (1),
+           fragmentOutOfOrder (2)
+        }
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Fragment behavior is the NAT instance's capability to
+         receive and translate fragments incoming from remote
+         sources.
+
+         fragmentNone(0) implies no capability to translate incoming
+         fragments, so all received fragments are dropped.  Each
+         dropped fragment is counted in natv2InstanceFragmentDrops.
+
+         fragmentInOrder(1) implies the ability to translate
+         fragments only if they are received in order, so that in
+         particular the header is in the first packet.  If a fragment
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 37]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         is received out of order, it is dropped and counted in
+         natv2InstanceFragmentDrops.
+
+         fragmentOutOfOrder(2), the capability REQUIRED by RFC 4787,
+         REQ-14, implies the capability to translate fragments even
+         when they arrive out of order, subject to a protective
+         limit natv2InstanceLimitPendingFragments on total number of
+         fragments awaiting the first fragment of the chain.  If the
+         implementation supports this capability,
+         natv2InstanceFragmentDrops is incremented only when a new
+         fragment arrives but is dropped because the limit on pending
+         fragments has already been reached."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 4787, Section 11."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 6 }
+
+-- State
+
+natv2InstanceAddressMapEntries OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The current number of address map entries in total over the
+         whole NAT instance, including static mappings.  An address
+         map entry maps from a given internal address and realm to an
+         external address in a particular external realm.  This
+         definition includes 'hairpin' mappings, where the external
+         realm is the same as the internal one.  Address map entries
+         are also tracked per subscriber and per address pool within
+         the instance."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.8.
+         Hairpinning: RFC 4787, Section 6."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 7 }
+
+natv2InstancePortMapEntries OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The current number of entries in the port map table in total
+         over the whole NAT instance, including static mappings.  A
+         port map entry maps from a given external realm, address,
+         and port for a given protocol to an internal realm, address,
+         and port.  This definition includes 'hairpin' mappings, where
+         the external realm is the same as the internal one.  Port map
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 38]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         entries are also tracked per subscriber and per protocol and
+         address pool within the instance."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.9.
+         Hairpinning: RFC 4787, Section 6."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 8 }
+
+-- Statistics
+
+natv2InstanceTranslations OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of translated packets passing through
+         this NAT instance.  This value MUST be monotone increasing in
+         the periods between updates of
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 9 }
+
+natv2InstanceAddressMapCreations OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of address map entries created by the
+         NAT instance, including static mappings.  Address map
+         creations are also tracked per address pool within the
+         instance and per subscriber.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in
+         the periods between updates of
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 10 }
+
+natv2InstancePortMapCreations  OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 39]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of port map entries created by the
+         NAT instance, including static mappings.  Port map
+         creations are also tracked per protocol and address pool
+         within the instance and per subscriber.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in
+         the periods between updates of
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 11 }
+
+natv2InstanceAddressMapEntryLimitDrops OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of packets dropped rather than
+         translated because the packet would have triggered
+         the creation of a new address map entry, but the limit
+         on number of address map entries for the NAT instance
+         given by natv2InstanceLimitAddressMapEntries has
+         already been reached.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the entity's
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 12 }
+
+natv2InstancePortMapEntryLimitDrops OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of packets dropped rather than
+         translated because the packet would have triggered
+         the creation of a new port map entry, but the limit
+         on number of port map entries for the NAT instance
+         given by natv2InstanceLimitPortMapEntries has
+         already been reached.
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 40]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the entity's
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 13 }
+
+natv2InstanceSubscriberActiveLimitDrops OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of packets dropped rather than
+         translated because the packet would have triggered the
+         creation of a new mapping for a subscriber with no other
+         active mappings, but the limit on number of active
+         subscribers for the NAT instance given by
+         natv2InstanceLimitSubscriberActives has already been
+         reached.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the entity's
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 14 }
+
+natv2InstanceAddressMapFailureDrops OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of packets dropped because the packet
+         would have triggered the creation of a new address map
+         entry, but no address could be allocated in the selected
+         external realm because all addresses from the selected
+         address pool (or the whole realm, if no address pool has
+         been configured for that realm) have already been fully
+         allocated.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the entity's
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 41]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 15 }
+
+natv2InstancePortMapFailureDrops OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of packets dropped because the
+         packet would have triggered the creation of a new
+         port map entry, but no port could be allocated for the
+         protocol concerned.  The usual case for this will be
+         for a NAT instance that supports address pooling and
+         the 'Paired' pooling behavior recommended by RFC 4787,
+         where the internal endpoint has used up all of the
+         ports allocated to it for the address it was mapped to
+         in the selected address pool in the external realm
+         concerned and cannot be given more ports because
+         - policy or implementation prevents it from having a
+           second address in the same pool, and
+         - policy or unavailability prevents it from acquiring
+           more ports at its originally assigned address.
+
+         If the NAT instance supports address pooling but its
+         pooling behavior is 'Arbitrary' (meaning that
+         the NAT instance can allocate a new port mapping for
+         the given internal endpoint on any address in the
+         selected address pool and is not bound to what it has
+         already mapped for that endpoint), then this counter
+         is incremented when all ports for the protocol concerned
+         over the whole of the selected address pool are already
+         in use.
+
+         Finally, if no address pools have been configured for the
+         external realm concerned, then this counter is incremented
+         because all ports for the protocol involved over the whole
+         set of addresses available for that external realm are
+         already in use.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the entity's
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime."
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 42]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    REFERENCE
+        "Pooling behavior: RFC 4787, end of Section 4.1."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 16 }
+
+natv2InstanceFragmentDrops OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of fragments received by the NAT
+         instance but dropped rather than translated.  When the NAT
+         instance supports the 'Receive Fragment Out of Order'
+         capability as required by RFC 4787, this occurs because the
+         fragment was received out of order and would be added to the
+         queue of fragments awaiting the initial fragment of the
+         chain, but the queue has already reached the limit set by
+         natv2InstanceLimitsPendingFragments.  Counting in other cases
+         is specified in the description of
+         natv2InstanceFragmentBehavior.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the entity's
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 4787, Section 11."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 17 }
+
+natv2InstanceOtherResourceFailureDrops OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of packets dropped because of
+         unavailability of a resource other than an address or port
+         that would have been required to process it.  The most likely
+         case is where the upper-layer protocol in the packet is not
+         supported by the NAT instance.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the entity's
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 43]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         before the new value of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 18 }
+
+natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX TimeStamp
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Snapshot of the value of the sysUpTime object at the
+         beginning of the latest period of continuity of the
+         statistical counters associated with this NAT instance."
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 19 }
+
+-- Notification thresholds, disabled by setting to -1.
+
+natv2InstanceThresholdAddressMapEntriesHigh OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Integer32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-write
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Notification threshold for total number of address map
+         entries held by this NAT instance.  Whenever
+         natv2InstanceAddressMapEntries is updated, if it equals or
+         exceeds natv2InstanceThresholdAddressMapEntriesHigh, then
+         natv2NotificationInstanceAddressMapEntriesHigh may be
+         triggered, unless the notification is disabled by setting
+         the threshold to -1.  Reporting is subject to the minimum
+         inter-notification interval given by
+         natv2InstanceNotificationInterval.  If multiple notifications
+         are triggered during one interval, the agent MUST report
+         only the one containing the highest value of
+         natv2InstanceAddressMapEntries and discard the others."
+    DEFVAL
+         { -1 }
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 20 }
+
+natv2InstanceThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Integer32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-write
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Notification threshold for total number of port map
+         entries held by this NAT instance.  Whenever
+         natv2InstancePortMapEntries is updated, if it equals or
+         exceeds natv2InstanceThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh, then
+         natv2NotificationInstancePortMapEntriesHigh may be
+         triggered, unless the notification is disabled by setting
+         the threshold to -1.  Reporting is subject to the minimum
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 44]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         inter-notification interval given by
+         natv2InstanceNotificationInterval.  If multiple notifications
+         are triggered during one interval, the agent MUST report
+         only the one containing the highest value of
+         natv2InstancePortMapEntries and discard the others."
+    DEFVAL
+        { -1 }
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 21 }
+
+natv2InstanceNotificationInterval OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..3600)
+    UNITS
+        "Seconds"
+    MAX-ACCESS read-write
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Minimum number of seconds between successive
+         notifications for this NAT instance.  Controls the reporting
+         of natv2NotificationInstanceAddressMapEntriesHigh and
+         natv2NotificationInstancePortMapEntriesHigh."
+    DEFVAL
+        { 10 }
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 22 }
+
+  -- Limits, disabled if set to 0
+
+natv2InstanceLimitAddressMapEntries OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-write
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Limit on total number of address map entries supported by
+         the NAT instance.  When natv2InstanceAddressMapEntries has
+         reached this limit, subsequent packets that would normally
+         trigger creation of a new address map entry will be dropped
+         and counted in natv2InstanceAddressMapEntryLimitDrops.
+         Warning of an approach to this limit can be achieved by
+         setting natv2InstanceThresholdAddressMapEntriesHigh to a
+         non-zero value, for example, 80% of the limit.  The limit is
+         disabled by setting its value to zero.
+
+         For further information, please see the descriptions of
+         natv2NotificationInstanceAddressMapEntriesHigh and
+         natv2InstanceAddressMapEntries."
+    DEFVAL
+        { 0 }
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 23 }
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 45]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+natv2InstanceLimitPortMapEntries OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-write
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Limit on total number of port map entries supported by the
+         NAT instance.  When natv2InstancePortMapEntries has reached
+         this limit, subsequent packets that would normally trigger
+         creation of a new port map entry will be dropped and counted
+         in natv2InstancePortMapEntryLimitDrops.  Warning of an
+         approach to this limit can be achieved by setting
+         natv2InstanceThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh to a non-zero
+         value, for example, 80% of the limit.  The limit is disabled
+         by setting its value to zero.
+
+         For further information, please see the descriptions of
+         natv2NotificationInstancePortMapEntriesHigh and
+         natv2InstancePortMapEntries."
+    DEFVAL
+        { 0 }
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 24 }
+
+natv2InstanceLimitPendingFragments OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-write
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Limit on number of out-of-order fragments received by the
+         NAT instance from remote sources and held until head of
+         chain appears.  While the number of held fragments is at this
+         limit, subsequent packets that contain fragments not
+         relating to those already held will be dropped and counted
+         in natv2InstancePendingFragmentLimitDrops.  The limit is
+         disabled by setting the value to zero.
+
+         Applicable only when the NAT instance supports 'Receive
+         Fragments Out of Order' behavior; leave at default
+         otherwise.  See the description of
+         natv2InstanceFragmentBehavior."
+    REFERENCE
+         "RFC 4787, Section 11."
+    DEFVAL { 0 }
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 25 }
+
+natv2InstanceLimitSubscriberActives OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-write
+    STATUS current
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 46]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Limit on number of total number of active subscribers
+         supported by the NAT instance.  An active subscriber is
+         defined as any subscriber with at least one map entry,
+         including static mappings.  While the number of active
+         subscribers is at this limit, subsequent packets that would
+         otherwise trigger first mappings for newly active
+         subscribers will be dropped and counted in
+         natv2InstanceSubscriberActiveLimitDrops.  The limit is
+         disabled by setting the value to zero."
+    DEFVAL { 0 }
+    ::= { natv2InstanceEntry 26 }
+
+-- Table of counters per upper-layer protocol identified by the
+-- packet header and supported by the NAT instance.
+
+natv2ProtocolTable  OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF Natv2ProtocolEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Table of protocols with per-protocol counters.  Conceptual
+         rows of the table are indexed by the combination of the NAT
+         instance number and the IANA-assigned upper-layer protocol
+         number as given by the ProtocolNumber Textual Convention
+         (TC) and contained in the packet IP header.  It is up to the
+         agent implementation to determine and operate upon only
+         those upper-layer protocol numbers supported by the NAT
+         instance."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.5."
+    ::= { natv2MIBInstanceObjects 2 }
+
+natv2ProtocolEntry OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2ProtocolEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Per-protocol counters."
+    INDEX { natv2ProtocolInstanceIndex,
+            natv2ProtocolNumber }
+    ::= { natv2ProtocolTable 1 }
+
+Natv2ProtocolEntry ::=
+    SEQUENCE {
+        natv2ProtocolInstanceIndex          Natv2InstanceIndex,
+        natv2ProtocolNumber                     ProtocolNumber,
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 47]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+-- State
+        natv2ProtocolPortMapEntries             Unsigned32,
+-- Statistics.  Discontinuity object from instance table reused here.
+        natv2ProtocolTranslations               Counter64,
+        natv2ProtocolPortMapCreations           Counter64,
+        natv2ProtocolPortMapFailureDrops        Counter64
+    }
+
+natv2ProtocolInstanceIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2InstanceIndex
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "NAT instance index.  It is up to the implementation to
+         determine and operate upon only those values that
+         correspond to in-service NAT instances."
+    ::= { natv2ProtocolEntry 1 }
+
+natv2ProtocolNumber OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX ProtocolNumber
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Counters in this conceptual row apply to packets indicating
+         the upper-layer protocol identified by the value of
+         this object.  It is up to the implementation to determine and
+         operate upon only those values that correspond to protocols
+         supported by the NAT instance."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.5.
+         IANA Protocol Numbers,
+         <http://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers>"
+    ::= { natv2ProtocolEntry 2 }
+
+ -- State
+natv2ProtocolPortMapEntries OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The current number of entries in the port map table in total
+         over the whole NAT instance for a given protocol, including
+         static mappings.  A port map entry maps from a given external
+         realm, address, and port for a given protocol to an internal
+         realm, address, and port.  This definition includes 'hairpin'
+         mappings, where the external realm is the same as the
+         internal one.  Port map entries are also tracked per
+         subscriber, per instance, and per address pool within the
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 48]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         instance."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Sections 3.3.5 and 3.3.9.
+         Hairpinning: RFC 4787, Section 6."
+    ::= { natv2ProtocolEntry 3 }
+
+-- Statistics
+natv2ProtocolTranslations OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of packets translated by the NAT
+         instance in either direction for the given protocol.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the NAT instance
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2ProtocolEntry 4 }
+
+natv2ProtocolPortMapCreations  OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of port map entries created by the NAT
+         instance for the given protocol.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the NAT instance
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2ProtocolEntry 5 }
+
+natv2ProtocolPortMapFailureDrops OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of packets dropped because the packet
+         would have triggered the creation of a new port map entry,
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 49]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         but no port could be allocated for the protocol concerned.
+         The usual case for this will be for a NAT instance that
+         supports address pooling and the 'Paired' pooling behavior
+         recommended by RFC 4787, where the internal endpoint has
+         used up all of the ports allocated to it for the address it
+         was mapped to in the selected address pool in the external
+         realm concerned and cannot be given more ports because
+         - policy or implementation prevents it from having a
+           second address in the same pool, and
+         - policy or unavailability prevents it from acquiring
+           more ports at its originally assigned address.
+
+         If the NAT instance supports address pooling but its
+         pooling behavior is 'Arbitrary' (meaning that
+         the NAT instance can allocate a new port mapping for
+         the given internal endpoint on any address in the
+         selected address pool and is not bound to what it has
+         already mapped for that endpoint), then this counter
+         is incremented when all ports for the protocol concerned
+         over the whole of the selected address pool are already
+         in use.
+
+         Finally, if the NAT instance has no configured address
+         pooling, then this counter is incremented because all
+         ports for the protocol concerned over the whole of the
+         NAT instance for the external realm concerned are already
+         in use.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the NAT instance
+         natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 4787, end of Section 4.1."
+    ::= { natv2ProtocolEntry 6 }
+
+-- pools
+
+natv2PoolTable OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF Natv2PoolEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+       "Table of address pools, applicable only if these are
+        supported by the NAT instance.  An address pool is a set of
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 50]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+        addresses and ports in a particular realm, available for
+        assignment to the 'external' portion of a mapping.  Where more
+        than one pool has been configured for the realm, policy
+        determines which subscribers and/or services are mapped to
+        which pool.  natv2PoolTable provides basic information, state,
+        statistics, and two notification thresholds for each pool.
+        natv2PoolRangeTable is an expansion table for natv2PoolTable
+        that identifies particular address ranges allocated to the
+        pool."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.6."
+    ::= { natv2MIBInstanceObjects 3 }
+
+natv2PoolEntry OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2PoolEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Entry in the table of address pools."
+    INDEX { natv2PoolInstanceIndex, natv2PoolIndex }
+    ::= { natv2PoolTable 1 }
+
+Natv2PoolEntry ::=
+    SEQUENCE {
+-- Index
+         natv2PoolInstanceIndex                 Natv2InstanceIndex,
+         natv2PoolIndex                         Natv2PoolIndex,
+-- Configuration
+         natv2PoolRealm                         SnmpAdminString,
+         natv2PoolAddressType                   InetAddressType,
+         natv2PoolMinimumPort                   InetPortNumber,
+         natv2PoolMaximumPort                   InetPortNumber,
+-- State
+         natv2PoolAddressMapEntries             Unsigned32,
+         natv2PoolPortMapEntries                Unsigned32,
+-- Statistics and discontinuity time
+         natv2PoolAddressMapCreations           Counter64,
+         natv2PoolPortMapCreations              Counter64,
+         natv2PoolAddressMapFailureDrops        Counter64,
+         natv2PoolPortMapFailureDrops           Counter64,
+         natv2PoolDiscontinuityTime             TimeStamp,
+-- Notification thresholds and objects returned by notifications
+         natv2PoolThresholdUsageLow             Integer32,
+         natv2PoolThresholdUsageHigh            Integer32,
+         natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries        Unsigned32,
+         natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapProtocol       ProtocolNumber,
+         natv2PoolNotificationInterval          Unsigned32
+    }
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 51]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+natv2PoolInstanceIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2InstanceIndex
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "NAT instance index.  It is up to the agent implementation
+         to determine and operate upon only those values that
+         correspond to in-service NAT instances."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 1 }
+
+natv2PoolIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2PoolIndex
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Index of an address pool that is unique for a given NAT
+         instance.  It is up to the agent implementation to determine
+         and operate upon only those values that correspond to
+         provisioned pools."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 2 }
+
+-- Configuration
+natv2PoolRealm OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE (0..32))
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Address realm to which this pool's addresses belong."
+    REFERENCE
+        "Address realms are discussed in Section 3.3.3 of
+         RFC 7659.  The primary reference is RFC 2663, Section 2.1."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 3 }
+
+natv2PoolAddressType OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddressType
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Address type supplied by this address pool.  This will be the
+         same for all pools in a given realm (by definition of an
+         address realm).  Values other than ipv4(1) or ipv6(2) would
+         be unexpected."
+    REFERENCE
+        "InetAddressType in RFC 4001."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 4 }
+
+natv2PoolMinimumPort OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetPortNumber
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 52]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Minimum port number of the range that can be allocated in
+         this pool.  Applies to all protocols supported by the NAT
+         instance."
+    REFERENCE
+        "InetPortNumber in RFC 4001."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 5 }
+
+natv2PoolMaximumPort OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetPortNumber
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Maximum port number of the range that can be allocated in
+         this pool.  Applies to all protocols supported by the NAT
+         instance."
+    REFERENCE
+        "InetPortNumber in RFC 4001."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 6 }
+
+-- State
+natv2PoolAddressMapEntries OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The current number of address map entries using external
+         addresses drawn from this pool, including static mappings.
+         This definition includes 'hairpin' mappings, where the
+         external realm is the same as the internal one.  Address map
+         entries are also tracked per subscriber and per instance."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.8.
+         Hairpinning: RFC 4787, Section 6."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 7 }
+
+natv2PoolPortMapEntries OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The current number of entries in the port map table using
+         external addresses and ports drawn from this pool, including
+         static mappings.  This definition includes 'hairpin'
+         mappings, where the external realm is the same as the
+         internal one.  Port map entries are also tracked per
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 53]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         subscriber, per instance, and per protocol within the
+         instance."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.9.
+         Hairpinning: RFC 4787, Section 6."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 8 }
+
+-- Statistics and discontinuity time
+natv2PoolAddressMapCreations OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of address map entries created in this
+         pool, including static mappings.  Address map entries are
+         also tracked per instance and per subscriber.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in
+         the periods between updates of the entity's
+         natv2PoolDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2PoolDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 9 }
+
+natv2PoolPortMapCreations OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of port map entries created in this
+         pool, including static mappings.  Port map entries are also
+         tracked per instance, per protocol, and per subscriber.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the entity's
+         natv2PoolDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2PoolDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 10 }
+
+natv2PoolAddressMapFailureDrops OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 54]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of packets originated by the
+         subscriber that were dropped because the packet would have
+         triggered the creation of a new address map entry, but no
+         address could be allocated from this address pool because
+         all addresses in the pool have already been fully allocated.
+         Counters of this event are also provided per instance, per
+         protocol, and per subscriber.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the entity's
+         natv2PoolDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2PoolDiscontinuityTime."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 11 }
+
+natv2PoolPortMapFailureDrops OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Counter64
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The cumulative number of packets dropped because the packet
+         would have triggered the creation of a new port map entry,
+         but no port could be allocated for the protocol concerned.
+         The usual case for this will be for a NAT instance that
+         supports the 'Paired' pooling behavior recommended by RFC
+         4787, where the internal endpoint has used up all of the
+         ports allocated to it for the address it was mapped to in
+         this pool and cannot be given more ports because
+         - policy or implementation prevents it from having a
+           second address in the same pool, and
+         - policy or unavailability prevents it from acquiring
+           more ports at its originally assigned address.
+
+         If the NAT instance pooling behavior is 'Arbitrary' (meaning
+         that the NAT instance can allocate a new port mapping for
+         the given internal endpoint on any address in the selected
+         address pool and is not bound to what it has already mapped
+         for that endpoint), then this counter is incremented when
+         all ports for the protocol concerned over the whole of this
+         address pool are already in use.
+
+         This value MUST be monotone increasing in the periods
+         between updates of the entity's
+         natv2PoolDiscontinuityTime.  If a manager detects a
+         change in the latter since the last time it sampled this
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 55]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         counter, it SHOULD NOT make use of the difference between
+         the latest value of the counter and any value retrieved
+         before the new value of natv2PoolDiscontinuityTime."
+    REFERENCE
+        "Pooling behavior: RFC 4787, end of Section 4.1."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 12 }
+
+
+natv2PoolDiscontinuityTime OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX TimeStamp
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Snapshot of the value of the sysUpTime object at the
+         beginning of the latest period of continuity of the
+         statistical counters associated with this address
+         pool.  This MUST be initialized when the address pool
+         is configured and MUST be updated whenever the port
+         or address ranges allocated to the pool change."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 13 }
+
+-- Notification thresholds and objects returned by notifications
+natv2PoolThresholdUsageLow OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Integer32 (-1|0..100)
+    UNITS "Percent"
+    MAX-ACCESS read-write
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Threshold for reporting low utilization of the address pool.
+         Utilization at a given instant is calculated as the
+         percentage of ports allocated in port map entries for the
+         most-used protocol at that instant.  If utilization is less
+         than or equal to natv2PoolThresholdUsageLow, an instance of
+         natv2NotificationPoolUsageLow may be triggered, unless
+         disabled by setting it to -1.  Reporting is subject to the
+         per-pool notification interval given by
+         natv2PoolNotificationInterval.  If multiple notifications
+         are triggered during one interval, the agent MUST report
+         only the one with the lowest value of
+         natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries and discard the others.
+
+         Implementation note: the percentage specified by this object
+         can be converted to a number of port map entries at
+         configuration time (after port and address ranges have been
+         configured or reconfigured) and compared to the current
+         value of natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Sections 3.1.2 and 3.3.6."
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 56]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    DEFVAL { -1 }
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 14 }
+
+natv2PoolThresholdUsageHigh OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Integer32 (-1|0..100)
+    UNITS "Percent"
+    MAX-ACCESS read-write
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Threshold for reporting high utilization of the address
+         pool.  Utilization at a given instant is calculated as the
+         percentage of ports allocated in port map entries for the
+         most-used protocol at that instant.  If utilization is
+         greater than or equal to natv2PoolThresholdUsageHigh, an
+         instance of natv2NotificationPoolUsageHigh may be triggered,
+         unless disabled by setting it to -1.
+
+         Reporting is subject to the per-pool notification interval
+         given by natv2PoolNotificationInterval.  If multiple
+         notifications are triggered during one interval, the agent
+         MUST report only the one with the highest value of
+         natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries and discard the others.
+         In the rare case where both upper and lower thresholds
+         are crossed in the same interval, the agent MUST report only
+         the upper-threshold notification.
+
+         Implementation note: the percentage specified by this object
+         can be converted to a number of port map entries at
+         configuration time (after port and address ranges have been
+         configured or reconfigured) and compared to the current
+         value of natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries."
+    DEFVAL { -1 }
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 15 }
+
+natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS accessible-for-notify
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Number of port map entries using addresses and ports from
+         this address pool for the most-used protocol at a given
+         instant.  One of the objects returned by
+         natv2NotificationPoolUsageLow and
+         natv2NotificationPoolUsageHigh."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 16 }
+
+natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapProtocol OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX ProtocolNumber
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 57]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    MAX-ACCESS accessible-for-notify
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The most-used protocol (i.e., with the largest number of
+         port map entries) mapped into this address pool at a given
+         instant.  One of the objects returned by
+         natv2NotificationPoolUsageLow and
+         natv2NotificationPoolUsageHigh."
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 17 }
+
+natv2PoolNotificationInterval OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..3600)
+    UNITS
+        "Seconds"
+    MAX-ACCESS read-write
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Minimum number of seconds between successive
+         notifications for this address pool.  Controls the generation
+         of natv2NotificationPoolUsageLow and
+         natv2NotificationPoolUsageHigh."
+    DEFVAL
+        { 20 }
+    ::= { natv2PoolEntry 18 }
+
+
+natv2PoolRangeTable OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF Natv2PoolRangeEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "This table contains address ranges used by pool entries.
+         It is an expansion of natv2PoolTable."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.7."
+    ::= { natv2MIBInstanceObjects 4 }
+
+natv2PoolRangeEntry OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2PoolRangeEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "NAT pool address range."
+    INDEX {
+         natv2PoolRangeInstanceIndex,
+         natv2PoolRangePoolIndex,
+         natv2PoolRangeRowIndex
+    }
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 58]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    ::= { natv2PoolRangeTable 1 }
+
+Natv2PoolRangeEntry ::=
+    SEQUENCE {
+        natv2PoolRangeInstanceIndex    Natv2InstanceIndex,
+        natv2PoolRangePoolIndex        Natv2PoolIndex,
+        natv2PoolRangeRowIndex         Unsigned32,
+        natv2PoolRangeBegin            InetAddress,
+        natv2PoolRangeEnd              InetAddress
+    }
+
+natv2PoolRangeInstanceIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2InstanceIndex
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Index of the NAT instance on which the address pool and this
+         address range are configured.  See Natv2InstanceIndex."
+    ::= { natv2PoolRangeEntry 1 }
+
+natv2PoolRangePoolIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2PoolIndex
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Index of the address pool to which this address range
+         belongs.  See Natv2PoolIndex."
+    ::= { natv2PoolRangeEntry 2 }
+
+natv2PoolRangeRowIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Row index for successive range entries for the same
+         address pool."
+    ::= { natv2PoolRangeEntry 3 }
+
+natv2PoolRangeBegin OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddress
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Lowest address included in this range.  The type of address
+         (IPv4 or IPv6) is given by natv2PoolAddressType
+         in natv2PoolTable."
+    ::= { natv2PoolRangeEntry 4 }
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 59]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+natv2PoolRangeEnd OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddress
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Highest address included in this range.  The type of address
+         (IPv4 or IPv6) is given by natv2PoolAddressType
+         in natv2PoolTable."
+    ::= { natv2PoolRangeEntry 5 }
+
+-- Indexed mapping tables
+
+-- Address Map Table.  Mapped from the internal to external address.
+
+natv2AddressMapTable OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF Natv2AddressMapEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Table of mappings from the internal to external address.  By
+         definition, this is a snapshot of NAT instance state at a
+         given moment.  Indexed by NAT instance, internal realm, and
+         internal address in that realm.  Provides the mapped external
+         address and, depending on implementation support, identifies
+         the address pool from which the external address and port
+         were taken and the index of the subscriber to which the
+         mapping has been allocated.
+
+         In the case of DS-Lite (RFC 6333), the indexing realm and
+         address are those of the IPv6 encapsulation rather than the
+         IPv4 inner packet."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.8. DS-Lite: RFC 6333"
+    ::= { natv2MIBInstanceObjects 5 }
+
+natv2AddressMapEntry OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2AddressMapEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Mapping from internal to external address."
+    INDEX { natv2AddressMapInstanceIndex,
+            natv2AddressMapInternalRealm,
+            natv2AddressMapInternalAddressType,
+            natv2AddressMapInternalAddress,
+            natv2AddressMapRowIndex }
+    ::= { natv2AddressMapTable 1 }
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 60]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+Natv2AddressMapEntry ::=
+    SEQUENCE {
+        natv2AddressMapInstanceIndex       Natv2InstanceIndex,
+        natv2AddressMapInternalRealm       SnmpAdminString,
+        natv2AddressMapInternalAddressType  InetAddressType,
+        natv2AddressMapInternalAddress      InetAddress,
+        natv2AddressMapRowIndex            Unsigned32,
+        natv2AddressMapInternalMappedAddressType InetAddressType,
+        natv2AddressMapInternalMappedAddress     InetAddress,
+        natv2AddressMapExternalRealm       SnmpAdminString,
+        natv2AddressMapExternalAddressType InetAddressType,
+        natv2AddressMapExternalAddress     InetAddress,
+        natv2AddressMapExternalPoolIndex   Natv2PoolIndexOrZero,
+        natv2AddressMapSubscriberIndex     Natv2SubscriberIndexOrZero
+    }
+
+natv2AddressMapInstanceIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2InstanceIndex
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Index of the NAT instance that generated this address map."
+    ::= { natv2AddressMapEntry 1 }
+
+natv2AddressMapInternalRealm OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(0..32))
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Realm to which the internal address belongs.  In most cases,
+         this is the realm defining the address space of the packet
+         being translated.  However, in the case of DS-Lite (RFC
+         6333), this realm defines the IPv6 outer header address
+         space.  It is the combination of that outer header and
+         the inner IPv4 packet header that is remapped to the
+         external address and realm.  The corresponding IPv4 realm is
+         restricted in scope to the tunnel, so there is no point in
+         identifying it.  The mapped IPv4 address will normally be the
+         well-known value 192.0.0.2, or at least lie in the reserved
+         192.0.0.0/29 range.
+
+         If natv2AddressMapSubscriberIndex in this table is a valid
+         subscriber index (i.e., greater than zero), then the value
+         of natv2AddressMapInternalRealm MUST be identical to the
+         value of natv2SubscriberRealm associated with that index."
+    REFERENCE
+        "DS-Lite: RFC 6333, Sections 5.7 (for well-known addresses)
+         and 6.6 (on the need to have the IPv6 tunnel address in
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 61]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         the NAT mapping tables)."
+    ::= { natv2AddressMapEntry 2 }
+
+natv2AddressMapInternalAddressType OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddressType
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Address type in the header of packets on the
+         interior side of this mapping.  Any value other than ipv4(1)
+         or ipv6(2) would be unexpected.
+
+         In the DS-Lite case, the address type is ipv6(2)."
+    REFERENCE
+        "DS-Lite: RFC 6333, Sections 5.7 (for well-known addresses)
+         and 6.6 (on the need to have the IPv6 tunnel source
+         address in the NAT mapping tables)."
+    ::= { natv2AddressMapEntry 3 }
+
+natv2AddressMapInternalAddress OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddress (SIZE (0..16))
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Source address of packets originating from the interior
+         of the association provided by this mapping.  The address
+         type is given by natv2AddressMapInternalAddressType.
+
+         In the case of DS-Lite (RFC 6333), this is the IPv6 tunnel
+         source address.  The mapping in this case is considered to
+         be from the combination of the IPv6 tunnel source address
+         natv2AddressMapInternalRealmAddress and the well-known IPv4
+         inner source address natv2AddressMapInternalMappedAddress to
+         the external address."
+    REFERENCE
+        "DS-Lite: RFC 6333, Sections 5.7 (for well-known addresses)
+         and 6.6 (on the need to have the IPv6 tunnel address in
+         the NAT mapping tables)."
+    ::= { natv2AddressMapEntry 4 }
+
+natv2AddressMapRowIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Unsigned32
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Index of a conceptual row corresponding to a mapping of the
+         given internal realm and address to a single external realm
+         and address.  Multiple rows will be present because of a
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 62]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+         promiscuous external address selection policy, policies
+         associating the same internal address with different address
+         pools, or because the same internal realm-address
+         combination is communicating with multiple external address
+         realms."
+    ::= { natv2AddressMapEntry 5 }
+
+natv2AddressMapInternalMappedAddressType OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddressType
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Internal address type actually translated by this mapping.
+         Any value other than ipv4(1) or ipv6(2) would be unexpected.
+         In the general case, this is the same as given by
+         natv2AddressMapInternalRealmAddressType.  In the
+         tunneled case, it is the address type used in the
+         encapsulated packet header.  In particular, in the DS-Lite
+         case, the mapped address type is ipv4(1)."
+    REFERENCE
+        "DS-Lite: RFC 6333."
+    ::= { natv2AddressMapEntry 6 }
+
+natv2AddressMapInternalMappedAddress OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddress
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Internal address actually translated by this mapping.  In the
+         general case, this is the same as
+         natv2AddressMapInternalRealmAddress.  The address type is
+         given by natv2AddressMapInternalMappedAddressType.  In the
+         case of DS-Lite (RFC 6333), this is the source address of
+         the encapsulated IPv4 packet, normally lying in the well-known
+         range 192.0.0.0/29.  The mapping in this case is considered
+         to be from the combination of the IPv6 tunnel source address
+         natv2AddressMapInternalRealmAddress and the well-known IPv4
+         inner source address natv2AddressMapInternalMappedAddress to
+         the external address."
+    REFERENCE
+        "DS-Lite: RFC 6333, Sections 5.7 (for well-known addresses)
+         and 6.6 (on the need to have the IPv6 tunnel address in
+         the NAT mapping tables)."
+    ::= { natv2AddressMapEntry 7 }
+
+natv2AddressMapExternalRealm OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(0..32))
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 63]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "External address realm to which this mapping maps the
+         internal address.  This can be the same as the internal realm
+         in the case of a 'hairpin' connection, but otherwise will be
+         different."
+    ::= { natv2AddressMapEntry 8 }
+
+natv2AddressMapExternalAddressType OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddressType
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Address type for the external realm.  Any value other than
+         ipv4(1) or ipv6(2) would be unexpected."
+    ::= { natv2AddressMapEntry 9 }
+
+natv2AddressMapExternalAddress OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddress
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "External address to which the internal address is mapped.
+         The address type is given by
+         natv2AddressMapExternalAddressType.
+
+         In the DS-Lite case, the mapping is from the combination of
+         the internal IPv6 tunnel source address as presented in this
+         table and the well-known IPv4 source address of the
+         encapsulated IPv4 packet."
+    REFERENCE
+        "DS-Lite: RFC 6333, Sections 5.7 (for well-known addresses)
+         and 6.6 (on the need to have the IPv6 tunnel address in
+         the NAT mapping tables)."
+    ::= { natv2AddressMapEntry 10 }
+
+natv2AddressMapExternalPoolIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2PoolIndexOrZero
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Index of the address pool in the external realm from which
+         the mapped external address given in
+         natv2AddressMapExternalAddress was taken.  Zero if the
+         implementation does not support address pools but has chosen
+         to support this object or if no pool was configured for the
+         given external realm."
+    ::= { natv2AddressMapEntry 11 }
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 64]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+natv2AddressMapSubscriberIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2SubscriberIndexOrZero
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Index of the subscriber to which this address mapping
+         applies, or zero if no subscribers are configured on
+         this NAT instance."
+    ::= { natv2AddressMapEntry 12 }
+
+-- natv2PortMapTable
+
+natv2PortMapTable OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF Natv2PortMapEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Table of port map entries indexed by the NAT instance,
+         protocol, and external realm and address.  A port map entry
+         associates an internal upper-layer protocol endpoint with an
+         endpoint for the same protocol in the given external realm.
+         By definition, this is a snapshot of NAT instance state at
+         a given moment.  The table provides the basic mapping
+         information.
+
+         In the case of DS-Lite (RFC 6333), the table provides the
+         internal IPv6 tunnel source address in
+         natv2PortMapInternalRealmAddress and the IPv4 source address
+         of the encapsulated packet that is actually translated in
+         natv2PortMapInternalMappedAddress.  In the general (non-DS-
+         Lite) case, those two objects will have the same value."
+    REFERENCE
+        "RFC 7659, Section 3.3.9.
+         DS-Lite: RFC 6333, Sections 5.7
+         (for well-known addresses) and 6.6 (on the need to have the
+         IPv6 tunnel address in the NAT mapping tables)."
+    ::= { natv2MIBInstanceObjects 6 }
+
+natv2PortMapEntry OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2PortMapEntry
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "A single NAT mapping."
+    INDEX { natv2PortMapInstanceIndex,
+            natv2PortMapProtocol,
+            natv2PortMapExternalRealm,
+            natv2PortMapExternalAddressType,
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 65]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+            natv2PortMapExternalAddress,
+            natv2PortMapExternalPort }
+    ::= { natv2PortMapTable 1 }
+
+Natv2PortMapEntry ::=
+    SEQUENCE {
+        natv2PortMapInstanceIndex        Natv2InstanceIndex,
+        natv2PortMapProtocol             ProtocolNumber,
+        natv2PortMapExternalRealm        SnmpAdminString,
+        natv2PortMapExternalAddressType  InetAddressType,
+        natv2PortMapExternalAddress      InetAddress,
+        natv2PortMapExternalPort         InetPortNumber,
+        natv2PortMapInternalRealm        SnmpAdminString,
+        natv2PortMapInternalAddressType  InetAddressType,
+        natv2PortMapInternalAddress      InetAddress,
+        natv2PortMapInternalMappedAddressType InetAddressType,
+        natv2PortMapInternalMappedAddress     InetAddress,
+        natv2PortMapInternalPort         InetPortNumber,
+        natv2PortMapExternalPoolIndex    Natv2PoolIndexOrZero,
+        natv2PortMapSubscriberIndex      Natv2SubscriberIndexOrZero
+    }
+
+natv2PortMapInstanceIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2InstanceIndex
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Index of the NAT instance that created this port map entry."
+    ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 1 }
+
+natv2PortMapProtocol OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX ProtocolNumber
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The map entry's upper-layer protocol number."
+    ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 2 }
+
+natv2PortMapExternalRealm OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(0..32))
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The realm to which natv2PortMapExternalAddress belongs."
+    ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 3 }
+
+natv2PortMapExternalAddressType OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddressType
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 66]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Address type for the external realm.  A value other
+         than ipv4(1) or ipv6(2) would be unexpected."
+    ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 4 }
+
+natv2PortMapExternalAddress OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddress (SIZE (0..16))
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The mapping's assigned external address.  (This address is
+         taken from the address pool identified by
+         natv2PortMapExternalPoolIndex, if the implementation
+         supports address pools and pools are configured for the
+         given external realm.)  This is the source address for
+         translated outgoing packets.  The address type is given
+         by natv2PortMapExternalAddressType."
+
+    ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 5 }
+
+natv2PortMapExternalPort OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetPortNumber
+    MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The mapping's assigned external port number.  This is the
+         source port for translated outgoing packets.  If the internal
+         port number given by natv2PortMapInternalPort is zero, this
+         value MUST also be zero.  Otherwise, this MUST be a non-zero
+         value."
+    ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 6 }
+
+natv2PortMapInternalRealm OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX SnmpAdminString (SIZE(0..32))
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The realm to which natv2PortMapInternalRealmAddress belongs.
+         In the general case, this realm contains the address that is
+         being translated.  In the DS-Lite (RFC 6333) case, this realm
+         defines the IPv6 address space from which the tunnel source
+         address is taken.  The realm of the encapsulated IPv4 address
+         is restricted in scope to the tunnel, so there is no point
+         in identifying it separately."
+    REFERENCE
+        "DS-Lite: RFC 6333."
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 67]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 7 }
+
+natv2PortMapInternalAddressType OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddressType
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Address type for addresses in the realm identified by
+         natv2PortMapInternalRealm."
+    ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 8 }
+
+natv2PortMapInternalAddress OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddress
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Source address for packets received under this mapping on
+         the internal side of the NAT instance.  In the general case,
+         this address is the same as the address given in
+         natv2PortMapInternalMappedAddress.  In the DS-Lite case,
+         natv2PortMapInternalAddress is the IPv6 tunnel source
+         address.  The address type is given
+         by natv2PortMapInternalAddressType."
+    REFERENCE
+        "DS-Lite: RFC 6333, Sections 5.7 (for well-known addresses)
+         and 6.6 (on the need to have the IPv6 tunnel address in
+         the NAT mapping tables)."
+    ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 9 }
+
+natv2PortMapInternalMappedAddressType OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddressType
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Internal address type actually translated by this mapping.
+         Any value other than ipv4(1) or ipv6(2) would be unexpected.
+         In the general case, this is the same as given by
+         natv2AddressMapInternalAddressType.  In the DS-Lite
+         case, the address type is ipv4(1)."
+    REFERENCE
+        "DS-Lite: RFC 6333."
+   ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 10 }
+
+natv2PortMapInternalMappedAddress OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetAddress
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 68]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+        "Internal address actually translated by this mapping.  In the
+         general case, this is the same as
+         natv2PortMapInternalRealmAddress.  The address type is given
+         by natv2PortMapInternalMappedAddressType.
+
+         In the case of DS-Lite (RFC 6333), this is the source
+         address of the encapsulated IPv4 packet, normally selected
+         from the well-known range 192.0.0.0/29.  The mapping in this
+         case is considered to be from the external address to the
+         combination of the IPv6 tunnel source address
+         natv2PortMapInternalRealmAddress and the well-known IPv4
+         inner source address natv2PortMapInternalMappedAddress."
+    REFERENCE
+        "DS-Lite: RFC 6333, Sections 5.7 (for well-known addresses)
+         and 6.6 (on the need to have the IPv6 tunnel address in
+         the NAT mapping tables)."
+    ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 11 }
+
+natv2PortMapInternalPort OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX InetPortNumber
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "The mapping's internal port number.  If this is zero, ports
+         are not translated (i.e., the NAT instance is a pure NAT
+         rather than a Network Address and Port Translator (NAPT))."
+    ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 12 }
+
+natv2PortMapExternalPoolIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2PoolIndexOrZero
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Identifies the address pool from which the external address
+         in this port map entry was taken.  Zero if the implementation
+         does not support address pools but has chosen to support
+         this object or if no pools are configured for the given
+         external realm."
+    ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 13 }
+
+natv2PortMapSubscriberIndex OBJECT-TYPE
+    SYNTAX Natv2SubscriberIndexOrZero
+    MAX-ACCESS read-only
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Subscriber using this map entry.  Zero if the implementation
+         does not support subscribers but has chosen to support
+         this object."
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 69]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    ::= { natv2PortMapEntry 14 }
+
+-- Conformance section.  Specifies three cumulatively more extensive
+-- applications: basic NAT, pooled NAT, and carrier-grade NAT.
+
+natv2MIBConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { natv2MIB 3 }
+
+natv2MIBCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { natv2MIBConformance 1 }
+natv2MIBGroups      OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { natv2MIBConformance 2 }
+
+natv2MIBBasicCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Describes the requirements for conformance to the basic NAT
+         application of NATV2-MIB."
+    MODULE  -- this module
+        MANDATORY-GROUPS { natv2BasicNotificationGroup,
+                           natv2BasicInstanceLevelGroup
+                         }
+    ::= { natv2MIBCompliances 1 }
+
+natv2MIBPooledNATCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Describes the requirements for conformance to the pooled NAT
+         application of NATV2-MIB."
+    MODULE  -- this module
+        MANDATORY-GROUPS { natv2BasicNotificationGroup,
+                           natv2BasicInstanceLevelGroup,
+                           natv2PooledNotificationGroup,
+                           natv2PooledInstanceLevelGroup
+                         }
+    ::= { natv2MIBCompliances 2 }
+
+natv2MIBCGNCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Describes the requirements for conformance to the
+         carrier-grade NAT application of NATV2-MIB."
+    MODULE  -- this module
+        MANDATORY-GROUPS { natv2BasicNotificationGroup,
+                           natv2BasicInstanceLevelGroup,
+                           natv2PooledNotificationGroup,
+                           natv2PooledInstanceLevelGroup,
+                           natv2CGNNotificationGroup,
+                           natv2CGNDeviceLevelGroup,
+                           natv2CGNInstanceLevelGroup
+                         }
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 70]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    ::= { natv2MIBCompliances 3 }
+
+-- Groups
+
+natv2BasicNotificationGroup NOTIFICATION-GROUP
+    NOTIFICATIONS {
+         natv2NotificationInstanceAddressMapEntriesHigh,
+         natv2NotificationInstancePortMapEntriesHigh
+    }
+    STATUS  current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Notifications that MUST be supported by all NAT
+         applications."
+    ::= { natv2MIBGroups 1 }
+
+natv2BasicInstanceLevelGroup OBJECT-GROUP
+    OBJECTS {
+-- from natv2InstanceTable
+              natv2InstanceAlias,
+              natv2InstancePortMappingBehavior,
+              natv2InstanceFilteringBehavior,
+              natv2InstanceFragmentBehavior,
+              natv2InstanceAddressMapEntries,
+              natv2InstancePortMapEntries,
+              natv2InstanceTranslations,
+              natv2InstanceAddressMapCreations,
+              natv2InstanceAddressMapEntryLimitDrops,
+              natv2InstanceAddressMapFailureDrops,
+              natv2InstancePortMapCreations,
+              natv2InstancePortMapEntryLimitDrops,
+              natv2InstancePortMapFailureDrops,
+              natv2InstanceFragmentDrops,
+              natv2InstanceOtherResourceFailureDrops,
+              natv2InstanceDiscontinuityTime,
+              natv2InstanceThresholdAddressMapEntriesHigh,
+              natv2InstanceThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh,
+              natv2InstanceNotificationInterval,
+              natv2InstanceLimitAddressMapEntries,
+              natv2InstanceLimitPortMapEntries,
+              natv2InstanceLimitPendingFragments,
+-- from natv2ProtocolTable
+              natv2ProtocolPortMapEntries,
+              natv2ProtocolTranslations,
+              natv2ProtocolPortMapCreations,
+              natv2ProtocolPortMapFailureDrops,
+-- from natv2AddressMapTable
+              natv2AddressMapExternalRealm,
+              natv2AddressMapExternalAddressType,
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 71]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+              natv2AddressMapExternalAddress,
+-- from natv2PortMapTable
+              natv2PortMapInternalRealm,
+              natv2PortMapInternalAddressType,
+              natv2PortMapInternalAddress,
+              natv2PortMapInternalPort
+            }
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Per-instance objects that MUST be supported by
+         implementations of all NAT applications."
+    ::= { natv2MIBGroups 2 }
+
+natv2PooledNotificationGroup NOTIFICATION-GROUP
+    NOTIFICATIONS {
+         natv2NotificationPoolUsageLow,
+         natv2NotificationPoolUsageHigh
+                  }
+    STATUS  current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Notifications that MUST be supported by pooled and
+         carrier-grade NAT applications."
+    ::= { natv2MIBGroups 3 }
+
+natv2PooledInstanceLevelGroup OBJECT-GROUP
+    OBJECTS {
+-- from natv2InstanceTable
+                    natv2InstancePoolingBehavior,
+-- from natv2PoolTable
+                    natv2PoolRealm,
+                    natv2PoolAddressType,
+                    natv2PoolMinimumPort,
+                    natv2PoolMaximumPort,
+                    natv2PoolAddressMapEntries,
+                    natv2PoolPortMapEntries,
+                    natv2PoolAddressMapCreations,
+                    natv2PoolPortMapCreations,
+                    natv2PoolAddressMapFailureDrops,
+                    natv2PoolPortMapFailureDrops,
+                    natv2PoolDiscontinuityTime,
+                    natv2PoolThresholdUsageLow,
+                    natv2PoolThresholdUsageHigh,
+                    natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapEntries,
+                    natv2PoolNotifiedPortMapProtocol,
+                    natv2PoolNotificationInterval,
+-- from natv2PoolRangeTable
+                    natv2PoolRangeBegin,
+                    natv2PoolRangeEnd,
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 72]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+-- from natv2AddressMapTable
+                    natv2AddressMapExternalPoolIndex,
+-- from natv2PortMapTable
+                    natv2PortMapExternalPoolIndex
+            }
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Per-instance objects that MUST be supported by
+         implementations of the pooled and carrier-grade
+         NAT applications."
+    ::= { natv2MIBGroups 4 }
+
+natv2CGNNotificationGroup NOTIFICATION-GROUP
+    NOTIFICATIONS {
+         natv2NotificationSubscriberPortMappingEntriesHigh
+    }
+    STATUS  current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Notification that MUST be supported by implementations
+         of the carrier-grade NAT application."
+    ::= { natv2MIBGroups 5 }
+
+natv2CGNDeviceLevelGroup OBJECT-GROUP
+    OBJECTS {
+-- from table natv2SubscriberTable
+              natv2SubscriberInternalRealm,
+              natv2SubscriberInternalPrefixType,
+              natv2SubscriberInternalPrefix,
+              natv2SubscriberInternalPrefixLength,
+              natv2SubscriberAddressMapEntries,
+              natv2SubscriberPortMapEntries,
+              natv2SubscriberTranslations,
+              natv2SubscriberAddressMapCreations,
+              natv2SubscriberPortMapCreations,
+              natv2SubscriberAddressMapFailureDrops,
+              natv2SubscriberPortMapFailureDrops,
+              natv2SubscriberDiscontinuityTime,
+              natv2SubscriberLimitPortMapEntries,
+              natv2SubscriberThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh,
+              natv2SubscriberNotificationInterval
+            }
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Device-level objects that MUST be supported by the
+         carrier-grade NAT application."
+    ::= { natv2MIBGroups 6 }
+
+natv2CGNInstanceLevelGroup OBJECT-GROUP
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 73]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+    OBJECTS {
+   -- from natv2InstanceTable
+              natv2InstanceSubscriberActiveLimitDrops,
+              natv2InstanceLimitSubscriberActives,
+   -- from natv2AddressMapTable
+              natv2AddressMapInternalMappedAddressType,
+              natv2AddressMapInternalMappedAddress,
+              natv2AddressMapSubscriberIndex,
+   -- from natv2PortMapTable
+              natv2PortMapInternalMappedAddressType,
+              natv2PortMapInternalMappedAddress,
+              natv2PortMapSubscriberIndex
+            }
+    STATUS current
+    DESCRIPTION
+        "Per-instance objects that MUST be supported by the
+         carrier-grade NAT application."
+    ::= { natv2MIBGroups 7 }
+
+END
+
+5.  Operational and Management Considerations
+
+   This section covers two particular areas of operations and
+   management: configuration requirements and transition from or
+   coexistence with the MIB module in [RFC4008].
+
+5.1.  Configuration Requirements
+
+   This MIB module assumes that the following information is configured
+   on the NAT device by means outside the scope of the present document
+   or is imposed by the implementation:
+
+   o  the set of address realms to which the device connects;
+
+   o  for the CGN application, per-subscriber information including
+      subscriber index, address realm, assigned prefix or address, and
+      (possibly) policies regarding address pool selection in the
+      various possible address realms to which the subscriber may
+      connect.  In the particular case of DS-Lite [RFC6333] access, as
+      well as the assigned outer-layer (IPv6) prefix or address, the
+      subscriber information will include an inner (IPv4) source
+      address, usually 192.0.0.2;
+
+   o  the set of NAT instances running on the device, identified by NAT
+      instance index and name;
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 74]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   o  the port mapping, filtering, pooling, and fragment behavior for
+      each NAT instance;
+
+   o  the set of protocols supported by each NAT instance;
+
+   o  for the pooled NAT and CGN applications, address pool information
+      for each NAT instance, including for each pool the pool index,
+      address realm, address type, minimum and maximum port number, the
+      address ranges assigned to that pool, and policies for access to
+      that pool's resources;
+
+   o  static address and port map entries.
+
+   As described in previous sections, this MIB module does provide read-
+   write objects for control of notifications (see especially
+   Section 3.1.2) and limiting of resource consumption (Section 3.1.1).
+   This document is written in advance of any practical experience with
+   the setting of these values and can thus provide only general
+   principles for how to set them.
+
+   By default, the MIB module definition disables notifications until
+   they are explicitly enabled by the operator, using the associated
+   threshold value to do so.  To make use of the notifications, the
+   operator may wish to take the following considerations into account.
+
+   Except for the low address pool utilization notification, the
+   notifications imply that some sort of administrative action is
+   required to mitigate an impending shortage of a particular resource.
+   The choice of value for the triggering threshold needs to take two
+   factors into account: the volatility of usage of the given resource,
+   and the amount of time the operator needs to mitigate the potential
+   overload situation.  That time could vary from almost immediate to
+   several weeks required to order and install new hardware or software.
+
+   To give a numeric example, if average utilization is going up 1% per
+   week but can vary 10% around that average in any given hour, and it
+   takes two weeks to carry through mitigating measures, the threshold
+   should be set to 88% of the corresponding limit (two weeks' growth
+   plus 10% volatility margin).  If mitigating measures can be carried
+   out immediately, this can rise to 90%.  For this particular example,
+   that change is insignificant, but in other cases the difference may
+   be large enough to matter in terms of reduced load on the management
+   plane.
+
+   The notification rate-limit settings really depend on the operator's
+   processes but are a tradeoff between reliably reporting the notified
+   condition and not having it overload the management plane.
+   Reliability rises in importance with the importance of the resource
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 75]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   involved.  Thus, the default notification intervals defined in this
+   MIB module range from 10 seconds (high reliability) for the address
+   and port map entry thresholds up to 60 seconds (lower reliability)
+   for the per-subscriber port entry thresholds.  Experience may suggest
+   better values.
+
+   The limits on number of instance-level address map and port map
+   entries and held fragments relate directly to memory allocations for
+   these tables.  The relationship between number of map entries or
+   number of held fragments and memory required will be implementation-
+   specific.  Hence it is up to the implementor to provide specific
+   advice on the setting of these limits.
+
+   The limit on simultaneous number of active subscribers is indirectly
+   related to memory consumption for map entries, but also to processor
+   usage by the NAT instance.  The best strategy for setting this limit
+   would seem to be to leave it disabled during an initial period while
+   observing device processor utilization, then to implement a trial
+   setting while observing the number of blocked packets affected by the
+   new limit.  The setting may vary by NAT instance if a suitable
+   estimator of likely load (e.g., total number of hosts served by that
+   instance) is available.
+
+5.2.  Transition from and Coexistence with NAT-MIB (RFC 4008)
+
+   A manager may have to deal with a mixture of devices supporting the
+   NAT-MIB module [RFC4008] and the NATV2-MIB module defined in the
+   present document.  It is even possible that both modules are
+   supported on the same device.  The following discussion brings out
+   the limits of comparability between the two MIB modules.  A first
+   point to note is that NAT-MIB is primarily focused on configuration,
+   while NATV2-MIB is primarily focused on measurements.
+
+   To summarize the model used by [RFC4008]:
+
+   o  The basic unit of NAT configuration is the interface.
+
+   o  An interface connects to a single realm, either "private" or
+      "public".  In principle that means there could be multiple
+      instances of one type of realm or the other, but the number is
+      physically limited by the number of interfaces on the NAT device.
+
+   o  Before the NAT can operate on a given interface, an "address map"
+      has to be configured on it.  The address map in [RFC4008] is
+      equivalent to the pool tables in the present document.  Since just
+      one "address map" is configured per interface, this is the
+      equivalent of a single address pool per interface.
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 76]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   o  The address binding and port binding tables are roughly equivalent
+      to the address map and port map tables in the present document in
+      their content, but they can be either unidirectional or
+      bidirectional.  The model in [RFC4008] shows the address binding
+      and port binding as alternative precursors to session
+      establishment, depending on whether the device does address
+      translation only or address and port translation.  In contrast,
+      NATV2-MIB assumes a model where bidirectional port mappings are
+      based on bidirectional address mappings that have conceptually
+      been established beforehand.
+
+   o  The equivalent to an [RFC4008] session in NATV2-MIB would be a
+      pair of port map entries.  The added complexity in [RFC4008] is
+      due to the modeling of NAT service types as defined in [RFC3489]
+      (the symmetric NAT in particular) instead of the more granular set
+      of behaviors described in [RFC4787].  (Note: [RFC3489] has been
+      obsoleted by [RFC5389].)
+
+   With regard to that last point, the mapping between [RFC3489] service
+   types and [RFC4787] NAT behaviors is as follows:
+
+   o  A full cone NAT exhibits endpoint-independent port mapping
+      behavior and endpoint-independent filtering behavior.
+
+   o  A restricted cone NAT exhibits endpoint-independent port mapping
+      behavior, but address-dependent filtering behavior.
+
+   o  A port restricted cone NAT exhibits endpoint-independent port
+      mapping behavior, but address-and-port-dependent filtering
+      behavior.
+
+   o  A symmetric NAT exhibits address-and-port-dependent port mapping
+      and filtering behaviors.
+
+   Note that these NAT types are a subset of the types that could be
+   configured according to the [RFC4787] behavioral classification used
+   in NATV2-MIB, but they include the two possibilities (full and
+   restricted cone NAT) that satisfy requirements REQ-1 and REQ-8 of
+   [RFC4787].  Note further that other behaviors defined in [RFC4787]
+   are not considered in [RFC4008].
+
+   Having established a context for discussion, we are now in a position
+   to compare the outputs provided to management from the [RFC4008] and
+   NATV2-MIB modules.  This comparison relates to the ability to compare
+   results if testing with both MIBs implemented on the same device
+   during a transition period.
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 77]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   [RFC4008] provides three counters: incoming translations, outgoing
+   translations, and discarded packets, at the granularities of
+   interface, address map, and protocol, and incoming and outgoing
+   translations at the levels of individual address bind, address port
+   bind, and session entries.  Implementation at the protocol and
+   address map levels is optional.  NATV2-MIB provides a single total
+   (both directions) translations counter at the instance, protocol
+   within instance, and subscriber levels.  Given the differences in
+   granularity, it appears that the only comparable measurement of
+   translations between the two MIB modules would be through aggregation
+   of the [RFC4008] interface counters to give a total number of
+   translations for the NAT instance.
+
+   NATV2-MIB has broken out the single discard counter into a number of
+   different counters reflecting the cause of the discard in more
+   detail, to help in troubleshooting.  Again, with the differing levels
+   of granularity, the only comparable statistic would be through
+   aggregation to a single value of total discards per NAT instance.
+
+   Moving on to state variables, [RFC4008] offers counts of number of
+   "address map" (i.e., address pool) entries used (excluding static
+   entries) at the address map level and number of entries in the
+   address bind and address and port bind tables, respectively.
+   Finally, [RFC4008] provides a count of the number of sessions
+   currently using each entry in the address and port bind table.  None
+   of these counts are directly comparable with the state values offered
+   by NATV2-MIB, because of the exclusion of static entries at the
+   address map level, and because of the differing models of the
+   translation tables between [RFC4008] and the NATV2-MIB.
+
+6.  Security Considerations
+
+   There are a number of management objects defined in this MIB module
+   with a MAX-ACCESS clause of read-write.  Such objects may be
+   considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments.  The
+   support for SET operations in a non-secure environment without proper
+   protection opens devices to attack.  These are the tables and objects
+   and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
+
+   Limits:  An attacker setting a very low or very high limit can easily
+      cause a denial-of-service situation.
+
+      *  natv2InstanceLimitAddressMapEntries;
+
+      *  natv2InstanceLimitPortMapEntries;
+
+      *  natv2InstanceLimitPendingFragments;
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 78]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+      *  natv2InstanceLimitSubscriberActives;
+
+      *  natv2SubscriberLimitPortMapEntries.
+
+   Notification thresholds:  An attacker setting an arbitrarily low
+      threshold can cause many useless notifications to be generated
+      (subject to the notification interval).  Setting an arbitrarily
+      high threshold can effectively disable notifications, which could
+      be used to hide another attack.
+
+      *  natv2InstanceThresholdAddressMapEntriesHigh;
+
+      *  natv2InstanceThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh;
+
+      *  natv2PoolThresholdUsageLow;
+
+      *  natv2PoolThresholdUsageHigh;
+
+      *  natv2SubscriberThresholdPortMapEntriesHigh.
+
+   Notification intervals:  An attacker setting a low notification
+      interval in combination with a low threshold value can cause many
+      useless notifications to be generated.
+
+      *  natv2InstanceNotificationInterval;
+
+      *  natv2PoolNotificationInterval;
+
+      *  natv2SubscriberNotificationInterval.
+
+   Some of the readable objects in this MIB module (i.e., objects with a
+   MAX-ACCESS other than not-accessible) may be considered sensitive or
+   vulnerable in some network environments.  It is thus important to
+   control even GET and/or NOTIFY access to these objects and possibly
+   to even encrypt the values of these objects when sending them over
+   the network via SNMP.  These are the tables and objects and their
+   sensitivity/vulnerability:
+
+   Objects that reveal host identities:  Various objects can reveal the
+      identity of private hosts that are engaged in a session with
+      external end nodes.  A curious outsider could monitor these to
+      assess the number of private hosts being supported by the NAT
+      device.  Further, a disgruntled former employee of an enterprise
+      could use the information to break into specific private hosts by
+      intercepting the existing sessions or originating new sessions
+      into the host.  If nothing else, unauthorized monitoring of these
+      objects will violate individual subscribers' privacy.
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 79]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+      *  entries in the natv2SubscriberTable;
+
+      *  entries in the natv2AddressMapTable;
+
+      *  entries in the natv2PortMapTable.
+
+   Other objects that reveal NAT state:  Other managed objects in this
+      MIB may contain information that may be sensitive from a business
+      perspective, in that they may represent NAT capabilities, business
+      policies, and state information.
+
+      *  natv2SubscriberLimitPortMapEntries;
+
+      *  natv2InstancePortMappingBehavior;
+
+      *  natv2InstanceFilteringBehavior;
+
+      *  natv2InstancePoolingBehavior;
+
+      *  natv2InstanceFragmentBehavior;
+
+      *  natv2InstanceAddressMapEntries;
+
+      *  natv2InstancePortMapEntries.
+
+   There are no objects that are sensitive in their own right, such as
+   passwords or monetary amounts.
+
+   SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 did not include adequate security.
+   Even if the network itself is secure (for example by using IPsec),
+   there is no control as to who on the secure network is allowed to
+   access and GET/SET (read/change/create/delete) the objects in this
+   MIB module.
+
+   Implementations SHOULD provide the security features described by the
+   SNMPv3 framework (see [RFC3410]), and implementations claiming
+   compliance to the SNMPv3 standard MUST include full support for
+   authentication and privacy via the User-based Security Model (USM)
+   [RFC3414] with the AES cipher algorithm [RFC3826].  Implementations
+   MAY also provide support for the Transport Security Model (TSM)
+   [RFC5591] in combination with a secure transport such as SSH
+   [RFC5592] or TLS/DTLS [RFC6353].
+
+   Further, deployment of SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 is NOT
+   RECOMMENDED.  Instead, it is RECOMMENDED to deploy SNMPv3 and to
+   enable cryptographic security.  It is then a customer/operator
+   responsibility to ensure that the SNMP entity giving access to an
+   instance of this MIB module is properly configured to give access to
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 80]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   the objects only to those principals (users) that have legitimate
+   rights to indeed GET or SET (change/create/delete) them.
+
+7.  IANA Considerations
+
+   IANA has assigned an object identifier to the natv2MIB module, with
+   prefix iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 in the SMI Numbers registry
+   [SMI-NUMBERS].
+
+8.  References
+
+8.1.  Normative References
+
+   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
+              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
+              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
+
+   [RFC2578]  McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
+              Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Structure of Management Information
+              Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC 2578,
+              DOI 10.17487/RFC2578, April 1999,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2578>.
+
+   [RFC2579]  McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
+              Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Textual Conventions for SMIv2",
+              STD 58, RFC 2579, DOI 10.17487/RFC2579, April 1999,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2579>.
+
+   [RFC2580]  McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
+              Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Conformance Statements for SMIv2",
+              STD 58, RFC 2580, DOI 10.17487/RFC2580, April 1999,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2580>.
+
+   [RFC3411]  Harrington, D., Presuhn, R., and B. Wijnen, "An
+              Architecture for Describing Simple Network Management
+              Protocol (SNMP) Management Frameworks", STD 62, RFC 3411,
+              DOI 10.17487/RFC3411, December 2002,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3411>.
+
+   [RFC3414]  Blumenthal, U. and B. Wijnen, "User-based Security Model
+              (USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management
+              Protocol (SNMPv3)", STD 62, RFC 3414,
+              DOI 10.17487/RFC3414, December 2002,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3414>.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 81]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   [RFC3826]  Blumenthal, U., Maino, F., and K. McCloghrie, "The
+              Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Cipher Algorithm in the
+              SNMP User-based Security Model", RFC 3826,
+              DOI 10.17487/RFC3826, June 2004,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3826>.
+
+   [RFC4001]  Daniele, M., Haberman, B., Routhier, S., and J.
+              Schoenwaelder, "Textual Conventions for Internet Network
+              Addresses", RFC 4001, DOI 10.17487/RFC4001, February 2005,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4001>.
+
+   [RFC4787]  Audet, F., Ed. and C. Jennings, "Network Address
+              Translation (NAT) Behavioral Requirements for Unicast
+              UDP", BCP 127, RFC 4787, DOI 10.17487/RFC4787, January
+              2007, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4787>.
+
+   [RFC5591]  Harrington, D. and W. Hardaker, "Transport Security Model
+              for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)",
+              STD 78, RFC 5591, DOI 10.17487/RFC5591, June 2009,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5591>.
+
+   [RFC5592]  Harrington, D., Salowey, J., and W. Hardaker, "Secure
+              Shell Transport Model for the Simple Network Management
+              Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 5592, DOI 10.17487/RFC5592, June
+              2009, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5592>.
+
+   [RFC6353]  Hardaker, W., "Transport Layer Security (TLS) Transport
+              Model for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)",
+              STD 78, RFC 6353, DOI 10.17487/RFC6353, July 2011,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6353>.
+
+8.2.  Informative References
+
+   [RFC2460]  Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6
+              (IPv6) Specification", RFC 2460, DOI 10.17487/RFC2460,
+              December 1998, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2460>.
+
+   [RFC2663]  Srisuresh, P. and M. Holdrege, "IP Network Address
+              Translator (NAT) Terminology and Considerations",
+              RFC 2663, DOI 10.17487/RFC2663, August 1999,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2663>.
+
+   [RFC3410]  Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D., and B. Stewart,
+              "Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet-
+              Standard Management Framework", RFC 3410,
+              DOI 10.17487/RFC3410, December 2002,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3410>.
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 82]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+   [RFC3489]  Rosenberg, J., Weinberger, J., Huitema, C., and R. Mahy,
+              "STUN - Simple Traversal of User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
+              Through Network Address Translators (NATs)", RFC 3489,
+              DOI 10.17487/RFC3489, March 2003,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3489>.
+
+   [RFC4008]  Rohit, R., Srisuresh, P., Raghunarayan, R., Pai, N., and
+              C. Wang, "Definitions of Managed Objects for Network
+              Address Translators (NAT)", RFC 4008,
+              DOI 10.17487/RFC4008, March 2005,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4008>.
+
+   [RFC5389]  Rosenberg, J., Mahy, R., Matthews, P., and D. Wing,
+              "Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN)", RFC 5389,
+              DOI 10.17487/RFC5389, October 2008,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5389>.
+
+   [RFC6333]  Durand, A., Droms, R., Woodyatt, J., and Y. Lee, "Dual-
+              Stack Lite Broadband Deployments Following IPv4
+              Exhaustion", RFC 6333, DOI 10.17487/RFC6333, August 2011,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6333>.
+
+   [RFC7658]  Perreault, S., Tsou, T., Sivakumar, S., and T. Taylor,
+              "Deprecation of MIB Module NAT-MIB: Managed Objects for
+              Network Address Translators (NATs)", RFC 7658,
+              DOI 10.17487/RFC7658, October 2015,
+              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7658>.
+
+   [SMI-NUMBERS]
+              IANA, "Structure of Management Information (SMI) Numbers
+              (MIB Module Registrations)",
+              <http://www.iana.org/assignments/smi-number>.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 83]
+
+RFC 7659                         NAT MIB                    October 2015
+
+
+Authors' Addresses
+
+   Simon Perreault
+   Jive Communications
+   Quebec, QC
+   Canada
+
+   Email: sperreault@jive.com
+
+
+   Tina Tsou
+   Huawei Technologies
+   Bantian, Longgang District
+   Shenzhen  518129
+   China
+
+   Email: tina.tsou.zouting@huawei.com
+
+
+   Senthil Sivakumar
+   Cisco Systems
+   7100-8 Kit Creek Road
+   Research Triangle Park, North Carolina  27709
+   United States
+
+   Phone: +1 919 392 5158
+   Email: ssenthil@cisco.com
+
+
+   Tom Taylor
+   PT Taylor Consulting
+   Ottawa
+   Canada
+
+   Email: tom.taylor.stds@gmail.com
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Perreault, et al.            Standards Track                   [Page 84]
+
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