path: root/doc/rfc/rfc8231.txt

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)                         E. Crabbe
Request for Comments: 8231                                        Oracle
Category: Standards Track                                       I. Minei
ISSN: 2070-1721                                             Google, Inc.
                                                               J. Medved
                                                     Cisco Systems, Inc.
                                                                R. Varga
                                               Pantheon Technologies SRO
                                                          September 2017


         Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP)
                      Extensions for Stateful PCE

Abstract

   The Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP) provides
   mechanisms for Path Computation Elements (PCEs) to perform path
   computations in response to Path Computation Client (PCC) requests.

   Although PCEP explicitly makes no assumptions regarding the
   information available to the PCE, it also makes no provisions for PCE
   control of timing and sequence of path computations within and across
   PCEP sessions.  This document describes a set of extensions to PCEP
   to enable stateful control of MPLS-TE and GMPLS Label Switched Paths
   (LSPs) via PCEP.

Status of This Memo

   This is an Internet Standards Track document.

   This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
   (IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF community.  It has
   received public review and has been approved for publication by the
   Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Further information on
   Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 7841.

   Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
   and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
   https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8231.











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Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.





































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Table of Contents

   1. Introduction ....................................................5
      1.1. Requirements Language ......................................5
   2. Terminology .....................................................5
   3. Motivation and Objectives for Stateful PCE ......................6
      3.1. Motivation .................................................6
           3.1.1. Background ..........................................6
           3.1.2. Why a Stateful PCE? .................................7
           3.1.3. Protocol vs. Configuration ..........................8
      3.2. Objectives .................................................9
   4. New Functions to Support Stateful PCEs ..........................9
   5. Overview of Protocol Extensions ................................10
      5.1. LSP State Ownership .......................................10
      5.2. New Messages ..............................................11
      5.3. Error Reporting ...........................................11
      5.4. Capability Advertisement ..................................11
      5.5. IGP Extensions for Stateful PCE Capabilities
           Advertisement .............................................12
      5.6. State Synchronization .....................................13
      5.7. LSP Delegation ............................................16
           5.7.1. Delegating an LSP ..................................16
           5.7.2. Revoking a Delegation ..............................17
           5.7.3. Returning a Delegation .............................19
           5.7.4. Redundant Stateful PCEs ............................19
           5.7.5. Redelegation on PCE Failure ........................20
      5.8. LSP Operations ............................................21
           5.8.1. Passive Stateful PCE Path Computation
                  Request/Response ...................................21
           5.8.2. Switching from Passive Stateful to Active
                  Stateful ...........................................22
           5.8.3. Active Stateful PCE LSP Update .....................23
      5.9. LSP Protection ............................................24
      5.10. PCEP Sessions ............................................24
   6. PCEP Messages ..................................................25
      6.1. The PCRpt Message .........................................25
      6.2. The PCUpd Message .........................................27
      6.3. The PCErr Message .........................................30
      6.4. The PCReq Message .........................................31
      6.5. The PCRep Message .........................................31
   7. Object Formats .................................................32
      7.1. OPEN Object ...............................................32
           7.1.1. STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV ........................32
      7.2. SRP Object ................................................33
      7.3. LSP Object ................................................34
           7.3.1. LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLVs ...............................36
           7.3.2. Symbolic Path Name TLV .............................39
           7.3.3. LSP Error Code TLV .................................40



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           7.3.4. RSVP Error Spec TLV ................................41
   8. IANA Considerations ............................................42
      8.1. PCE Capabilities in IGP Advertisements ....................42
      8.2. PCEP Messages .............................................43
      8.3. PCEP Objects ..............................................43
      8.4. LSP Object ................................................44
      8.5. PCEP-Error Object .........................................45
      8.6. Notification Object .......................................46
      8.7. PCEP TLV Type Indicators ..................................46
      8.8. STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV ...............................47
      8.9. LSP-ERROR-CODE TLV ........................................47
   9. Manageability Considerations ...................................48
      9.1. Control Function and Policy ...............................48
      9.2. Information and Data Models ...............................49
      9.3. Liveness Detection and Monitoring .........................49
      9.4. Verifying Correct Operation ...............................49
      9.5. Requirements on Other Protocols and Functional
           Components ................................................50
      9.6. Impact on Network Operation ...............................50
   10. Security Considerations .......................................50
      10.1. Vulnerability ............................................50
      10.2. LSP State Snooping .......................................51
      10.3. Malicious PCE ............................................51
      10.4. Malicious PCC ............................................52
   11. References ....................................................52
      11.1. Normative References .....................................52
      11.2. Informative References ...................................53
   Acknowledgements ..................................................55
   Contributors ......................................................56
   Authors' Addresses ................................................57





















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1.  Introduction

   [RFC5440] describes the Path Computation Element Communication
   Protocol (PCEP).  PCEP defines the communication between a Path
   Computation Client (PCC) and a Path Computation Element (PCE), or
   between PCEs, enabling computation of Multiprotocol Label Switching
   (MPLS) for Traffic Engineering Label Switched Path (TE LSP)
   characteristics.  Extensions for support of Generalized MPLS (GMPLS)
   in PCEP are defined in [PCEP-GMPLS].

   This document specifies a set of extensions to PCEP to enable
   stateful control of LSPs within and across PCEP sessions in
   compliance with [RFC4657].  It includes mechanisms to effect Label
   Switched Path (LSP) State Synchronization between PCCs and PCEs,
   delegation of control over LSPs to PCEs, and PCE control of timing
   and sequence of path computations within and across PCEP sessions.

   Extensions to permit the PCE to drive creation of an LSP are defined
   in [PCE-Init-LSP], which specifies PCE-initiated LSP creation.

1.1.  Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
   BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
   capitals, as shown here.

2.  Terminology

   This document uses the following terms defined in [RFC5440]: PCC,
   PCE, PCEP Peer, and PCEP speaker.

   This document uses the following terms defined in [RFC4655]: Traffic
   Engineering Database (TED).

   This document uses the following terms defined in [RFC3031]: LSP.

   This document uses the following terms defined in [RFC8051]: Stateful
   PCE, Passive Stateful PCE, Active Stateful PCE, Delegation, and LSP
   State Database.

   The following terms are defined in this document:

   Revocation:  an operation performed by a PCC on a previously
      delegated LSP.  Revocation revokes the rights granted to the PCE
      in the delegation operation.




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   Redelegation Timeout Interval:  the period of time a PCC waits for,
      when a PCEP session is terminated, before revoking LSP delegation
      to a PCE and attempting to redelegate LSPs associated with the
      terminated PCEP session to an alternate PCE.  The Redelegation
      Timeout Interval is a PCC-local value that can be either operator
      configured or dynamically computed by the PCC based on local
      policy.

   State Timeout Interval:  the period of time a PCC waits for, when a
      PCEP session is terminated, before flushing LSP state associated
      with that PCEP session and reverting to operator-defined default
      parameters or behaviors.  The State Timeout Interval is a PCC-
      local value that can be either operator configured or dynamically
      computed by the PCC based on local policy.

   LSP State Report:  an operation to send LSP state (operational/
      administrative status, LSP attributes configured at the PCC and
      set by a PCE, etc.) from a PCC to a PCE.

   LSP Update Request:  an operation where an Active Stateful PCE
      requests a PCC to update one or more attributes of an LSP and to
      re-signal the LSP with updated attributes.

   SRP-ID-number:  a number used to correlate errors and LSP State
      Reports to LSP Update Requests.  It is carried in the Stateful PCE
      Request Parameter (SRP) object described in Section 7.2.

   Within this document, PCEP communications are described through PCC-
   PCE relationships.  The PCE architecture also supports PCE-PCE
   communication, by having the requesting PCE fill the role of a PCC,
   as usual.

   The message formats in this document are specified using Routing
   Backus-Naur Format (RBNF) encoding as specified in [RFC5511].

3.  Motivation and Objectives for Stateful PCE

3.1.  Motivation

   [RFC8051] presents several use cases, demonstrating scenarios that
   benefit from the deployment of a stateful PCE.  The scenarios apply
   equally to MPLS-TE and GMPLS deployments.

3.1.1.  Background

   Traffic engineering has been a goal of the MPLS architecture since
   its inception [RFC2702] [RFC3031] [RFC3346].  In the traffic
   engineering system provided by [RFC3209], [RFC3630], and [RFC5305],



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   information about network resources utilization is only available as
   total reserved capacity by the traffic class on a per-interface
   basis; individual LSP state is available only locally on each Label
   Edge Router (LER) for its own LSPs.  In most cases, this makes good
   sense, as distribution and retention of total LSP state for all LERs
   within in the network would be prohibitively costly.

   Unfortunately, this visibility in terms of global LSP state may
   result in a number of issues for some demand patterns, particularly
   within a common setup and hold priority.  This issue affects online
   traffic engineering systems.

   A sufficiently over-provisioned system will by definition have no
   issues routing its demand on the shortest path.  However, lowering
   the degree to which network over-provisioning is required in order to
   run a healthy, functioning network is a clear and explicit promise of
   MPLS architecture.  In particular, it has been a goal of MPLS to
   provide mechanisms to alleviate congestion scenarios in which
   "traffic streams are inefficiently mapped onto available resources;
   causing subsets of network resources to become over-utilized while
   others remain underutilized" [RFC2702].

3.1.2.  Why a Stateful PCE?

   [RFC4655] defines a stateful PCE to be one in which the PCE maintains
   "strict synchronization between the PCE and not only the network
   states (in term of topology and resource information), but also the
   set of computed paths and reserved resources in use in the network."
   [RFC4655] also expressed a number of concerns with regard to a
   stateful PCE, specifically:

   o  Any reliable synchronization mechanism would result in significant
      control-plane overhead

   o  Out-of-band TED synchronization would be complex and prone to race
      conditions

   o  Path calculations incorporating total network state would be
      highly complex

   In general, stress on the control plane will be directly proportional
   to the size of the system being controlled and the tightness of the
   control loop and indirectly proportional to the amount of over-
   provisioning in terms of both network capacity and reservation
   overhead.






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   Despite these concerns in terms of implementation complexity and
   scalability, several TE algorithms exist today that have been
   demonstrated to be extremely effective in large TE systems, providing
   both rapid convergence and significant benefits in terms of
   optimality of resource usage [MXMN-TE].  All of these systems share
   at least two common characteristics: the requirement for both global
   visibility of a flow (or in this case, a TE LSP) state and for
   ordered control of path reservations across devices within the system
   being controlled.  While some approaches have been suggested in order
   to remove the requirements for ordered control (see [MPLS-PC]), these
   approaches are highly dependent on traffic distribution and do not
   allow for multiple simultaneous LSP priorities representing Diffserv
   classes.

   The use cases described in [RFC8051] demonstrate a need for
   visibility into global inter-PCC LSP state in PCE path computations
   and for PCE control of sequence and timing in altering LSP path
   characteristics within and across PCEP sessions.

3.1.3.  Protocol vs. Configuration

   Note that existing configuration tools and protocols can be used to
   set LSP state, such as a Command Line Interface (CLI) tool.  However,
   this solution has several shortcomings:

   o  Scale & Performance: configuration operations often have
      transactional semantics that are typically heavyweight and often
      require processing of additional configuration portions beyond the
      state being directly acted upon, with corresponding cost in CPU
      cycles, negatively impacting both PCC stability LSP Update rate
      capacity.

   o  Security: when a PCC opens a configuration channel allowing a PCE
      to send configuration, a malicious PCE may take advantage of this
      ability to take over the PCC.  In contrast, the PCEP extensions
      described in this document only allow a PCE control over a very
      limited set of LSP attributes.

   o  Interoperability: each vendor has a proprietary information model
      for configuring LSP state, which limits interoperability of a
      stateful PCE with PCCs from different vendors.  The PCEP
      extensions described in this document allow for a common
      information model for LSP state for all vendors.

   o  Efficient State Synchronization: configuration channels may be
      heavyweight and unidirectional; therefore, efficient State
      Synchronization between a PCC and a PCE may be a problem.




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3.2.  Objectives

   The objectives for the protocol extensions to support stateful PCE
   described in this document are as follows:

   o  Allow a single PCC to interact with a mix of stateless and
      stateful PCEs simultaneously using the same protocol, i.e., PCEP.

   o  Support efficient LSP State Synchronization between the PCC and
      one or more active or passive stateful PCEs.

   o  Allow a PCC to delegate control of its LSPs to an active stateful
      PCE such that a given LSP is under the control of a single PCE at
      any given time.

      *  A PCC may revoke this delegation at any time during the
         lifetime of the LSP.  If LSP delegation is revoked while the
         PCEP session is up, the PCC MUST notify the PCE about the
         revocation.

      *  A PCE may return an LSP delegation at any point during the
         lifetime of the PCEP session.  If LSP delegation is returned by
         the PCE while the PCEP session is up, the PCE MUST notify the
         PCC about the returned delegation.

   o  Allow a PCE to control computation timing and update timing across
      all LSPs that have been delegated to it.

   o  Enable uninterrupted operation of a PCC's LSPs in the event of a
      PCE failure or while control of LSPs is being transferred between
      PCEs.

4.  New Functions to Support Stateful PCEs

   Several new functions are required in PCEP to support stateful PCEs.
   A function can be initiated either from a PCC towards a PCE (C-E) or
   from a PCE towards a PCC (E-C).  The new functions are:

   Capability advertisement (E-C,C-E):  both the PCC and the PCE must
      announce during PCEP session establishment that they support PCEP
      Stateful PCE extensions defined in this document.

   LSP State Synchronization (C-E):  after the session between the PCC
      and a stateful PCE is initialized, the PCE must learn the state of
      a PCC's LSPs before it can perform path computations or update LSP
      attributes in a PCC.





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   LSP Update Request (E-C):  a PCE requests modification of attributes
      on a PCC's LSP.

   LSP State Report (C-E):  a PCC sends an LSP State Report to a PCE
      whenever the state of an LSP changes.

   LSP control delegation (C-E,E-C):  a PCC grants to a PCE the right to
      update LSP attributes on one or more LSPs; the PCE becomes the
      authoritative source of the LSP's attributes as long as the
      delegation is in effect (see Section 5.7); the PCC may withdraw
      the delegation or the PCE may give up the delegation at any time.

   Similarly to [RFC5440], no assumption is made about the discovery
   method used by a PCC to discover a set of PCEs (e.g., via static
   configuration or dynamic discovery) and on the algorithm used to
   select a PCE.

5.  Overview of Protocol Extensions

5.1.  LSP State Ownership

   In PCEP (defined in [RFC5440]), LSP state and operation are under the
   control of a PCC (a PCC may be a Label Switching Router (LSR) or a
   management station).  Attributes received from a PCE are subject to
   PCC's local policy.  The PCEP extensions described in this document
   do not change this behavior.

   An active stateful PCE may have control of a PCC's LSPs that were
   delegated to it, but the LSP state ownership is retained by the PCC.
   In particular, in addition to specifying values for LSP's attributes,
   an active stateful PCE also decides when to make LSP modifications.

   Retaining LSP state ownership on the PCC allows for:

   o  a PCC to interact with both stateless and stateful PCEs at the
      same time

   o  a stateful PCE to only modify a small subset of LSP parameters,
      i.e., to set only a small subset of the overall LSP state; other
      parameters may be set by the operator, for example, through CLI
      commands

   o  a PCC to revert delegated LSP to an operator-defined default or to
      delegate the LSPs to a different PCE, if the PCC gets disconnected
      from a PCE with currently delegated LSPs






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5.2.  New Messages

   In this document, we define the following new PCEP messages:

   Path Computation State Report (PCRpt):  a PCEP message sent by a PCC
      to a PCE to report the status of one or more LSPs.  Each LSP State
      Report in a PCRpt message MAY contain the actual LSP's path,
      bandwidth, operational and administrative status, etc.  An LSP
      Status Report carried on a PCRpt message is also used in
      delegation or revocation of control of an LSP to/from a PCE.  The
      PCRpt message is described in Section 6.1.

   Path Computation Update Request (PCUpd):  a PCEP message sent by a
      PCE to a PCC to update LSP parameters, on one or more LSPs.  Each
      LSP Update Request on a PCUpd message MUST contain all LSP
      parameters that a PCE wishes to be set for a given LSP.  An LSP
      Update Request carried on a PCUpd message is also used to return
      LSP delegations if at any point PCE no longer desires control of
      an LSP.  The PCUpd message is described in Section 6.2.

   The new functions defined in Section 4 are mapped onto the new
   messages as shown in the following table.

         +----------------------------------------+--------------+
         | Function                               | Message      |
         +----------------------------------------+--------------+
         | Capability Advertisement (E-C,C-E)     | Open         |
         | State Synchronization (C-E)            | PCRpt        |
         | LSP State Report (C-E)                 | PCRpt        |
         | LSP Control Delegation (C-E,E-C)       | PCRpt, PCUpd |
         | LSP Update Request (E-C)               | PCUpd        |
         +----------------------------------------+--------------+

                 Table 1: New Function to Message Mapping

5.3.  Error Reporting

   Error reporting is done using the procedures defined in [RFC5440] and
   reusing the applicable error types and error values of [RFC5440]
   wherever appropriate.  The current document defines new error values
   for several error types to cover failures specific to stateful PCE.

5.4.  Capability Advertisement

   During the PCEP initialization phase, PCEP speakers (PCE or PCC)
   advertise their support of PCEP Stateful PCE extensions.  A PCEP
   speaker includes the "STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV", described in
   Section 7.1.1, in the OPEN object to advertise its support for PCEP



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   Stateful PCE extensions.  The STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV includes
   the 'LSP Update' flag that indicates whether the PCEP speaker
   supports LSP parameter updates.

   The presence of the STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV in PCC's OPEN object
   indicates that the PCC is willing to send LSP State Reports whenever
   LSP parameters or operational status changes.

   The presence of the STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV in PCE's OPEN message
   indicates that the PCE is interested in receiving LSP State Reports
   whenever LSP parameters or operational status changes.

   The PCEP extensions for stateful PCEs MUST NOT be used if one or both
   PCEP speakers have not included the STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV in
   their respective OPEN message.  If the PCEP speaker on the PCC
   supports the extensions of this specification but did not advertise
   this capability, then upon receipt of a PCUpd message from the PCE,
   it MUST generate a PCEP Error (PCErr) with Error-type=19 (Invalid
   Operation) and error-value 2 (Attempted LSP Update Request if the
   stateful PCE capability was not advertised)(see Section 8.5), and it
   SHOULD terminate the PCEP session.  If the PCEP Speaker on the PCE
   supports the extensions of this specification but did not advertise
   this capability, then upon receipt of a PCRpt message from the PCC,
   it MUST generate a PCErr with Error-type=19 (Invalid Operation) and
   error-value 5 (Attempted LSP State Report if stateful PCE capability
   was not advertised) (see Section 8.5), and it SHOULD terminate the
   PCEP session.

   LSP delegation and LSP Update operations defined in this document may
   only be used if both PCEP speakers set the LSP-UPDATE-CAPABILITY flag
   in the STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV to 'Updates Allowed (U flag = 1)'.
   If this is not the case and LSP delegation or LSP Update operations
   are attempted, then a PCErr with Error-type=19 (Invalid Operation)
   and error-value 1 (Attempted LSP Update Request for a non-delegated
   LSP) (see Section 8.5) MUST be generated.  Note that, even if one of
   the PCEP speakers does not set the LSP-UPDATE-CAPABILITY flag in its
   STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV, a PCE can still operate as a passive
   stateful PCE by accepting LSP State Reports from the PCC in order to
   build and maintain an up-to-date view of the state of the PCC's LSPs.

5.5.  IGP Extensions for Stateful PCE Capabilities Advertisement

   When PCCs are LSRs participating in the IGP (OSPF or IS-IS), and PCEs
   are either LSRs or servers also participating in the IGP, an
   effective mechanism for PCE discovery within an IGP routing domain
   consists of utilizing IGP advertisements.  Extensions for the
   advertisement of PCE Discovery Information are defined for OSPF and
   for IS-IS in [RFC5088] and [RFC5089], respectively.



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   The PCE-CAP-FLAGS sub-TLV, defined in [RFC5089], is an optional
   sub-TLV used to advertise PCE capabilities.  It MAY be present within
   the PCE Discovery (PCED) sub-TLV carried by OSPF or IS-IS.  [RFC5088]
   and [RFC5089] provide the description and processing rules for this
   sub-TLV when carried within OSPF and IS-IS, respectively.

   The format of the PCE-CAP-FLAGS sub-TLV is included below for easy
   reference:

   Type:  5

   Length:  Multiple of 4.

   Value:  This contains an array of units of 32-bit flags with the most
      significant bit as 0.  Each bit represents one PCE capability.

   PCE capability bits are defined in [RFC5088].  This document defines
   new capability bits for the stateful PCE as follows:

                  Bit    Capability
                  ---    -------------------------------
                  11     Active stateful PCE capability
                  12     Passive stateful PCE capability

   Note that while active and passive stateful PCE capabilities may be
   advertised during discovery, PCEP speakers that wish to use stateful
   PCEP MUST negotiate stateful PCEP capabilities during PCEP session
   setup, as specified in the current document.  A PCC MAY initiate
   stateful PCEP capability negotiation at PCEP session setup even if it
   did not receive any IGP PCE capability advertisements.

5.6.  State Synchronization

   The purpose of State Synchronization is to provide a
   checkpoint-in-time state replica of a PCC's LSP state in a PCE.
   State Synchronization is performed immediately after the
   initialization phase [RFC5440].

   During State Synchronization, a PCC first takes a snapshot of the
   state of its LSPs, then it sends the snapshot to a PCE in a sequence
   of LSP State Reports.  Each LSP State Report sent during State
   Synchronization has the SYNC flag in the LSP object set to 1.  The
   set of LSPs for which state is synchronized with a PCE is determined
   by the PCC's local configuration (see more details in Section 9.1)
   and MAY also be determined by stateful PCEP capabilities defined in
   other documents, such as [RFC8232].





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   The end of the synchronization marker is a PCRpt message with the
   SYNC flag set to 0 for an LSP object with PLSP-ID equal to the
   reserved value 0 (see Section 7.3).  In this case, the LSP object
   SHOULD NOT include the SYMBOLIC-PATH-NAME TLV and SHOULD include the
   LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV with the special value of all zeroes.  The PCRpt
   message MUST include an empty Explicit Route Object (ERO) as its
   intended path and SHOULD NOT include the optional Record Route Object
   (RRO) for its actual path.  If the PCC has no state to synchronize,
   it SHOULD only send the end of the synchronization marker.

   A PCE SHOULD NOT send PCUpd messages to a PCC before State
   Synchronization is complete.  A PCC SHOULD NOT send PCReq messages to
   a PCE before State Synchronization is complete.  This is to allow the
   PCE to get the best possible view of the network before it starts
   computing new paths.

   Either the PCE or the PCC MAY terminate the session using the PCEP
   session termination procedures during the synchronization phase.  If
   the session is terminated, the PCE MUST clean up the state it
   received from this PCC.  The session re-establishment MUST be
   re-attempted per the procedures defined in [RFC5440], including use
   of a backoff timer.

   If the PCC encounters a problem that prevents it from completing the
   LSP State Synchronization, it MUST send a PCErr message with
   error-type 20 (LSP State Synchronization Error) and error-value 5
   (indicating an internal PCC error) to the PCE and terminate the
   session.

   The PCE does not send positive acknowledgments for properly received
   synchronization messages.  It MUST respond with a PCErr message with
   Error-type=20 (LSP State Synchronization Error) and error-value 1
   (indicating an error in processing the PCRpt) (see Section 8.5) if it
   encounters a problem with the LSP State Report it received from the
   PCC, and it MUST terminate the session.

   A PCE implementing a limit on the resources a single PCC can occupy
   MUST send a PCEP Notify (PCNtf) message with Notification Type 4
   (Stateful PCE resource limit exceeded) and Notification Value 1
   (Entering resource limit exceeded state) in response to the PCRpt
   message triggering this condition in the synchronization phase and
   MUST terminate the session.

   The successful State Synchronization sequence is shown in Figure 1.







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                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                     |PCC|                    |PCE|
                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                       |                        |
                       |-----PCRpt, SYNC=1----->| (Sync start)
                       |                        |
                       |-----PCRpt, SYNC=1----->|
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |-----PCRpt, SYNC=1----->|
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |                        |
                       |-----PCRpt, SYNC=0----->| (End of sync marker
                       |                        |  LSP State Report
                       |                        |  for PLSP-ID=0)
                       |                        | (Sync done)


                Figure 1: Successful State Synchronization

   The sequence where the PCE fails during the State Synchronization
   phase is shown in Figure 2.

                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                     |PCC|                    |PCE|
                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                       |                        |
                       |-----PCRpt, SYNC=1----->|
                       |                        |
                       |-----PCRpt, SYNC=1----->|
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |-----PCRpt, SYNC=1----->|
                       |                        |
                       |-PCRpt, SYNC=1          |
                       |         \    ,-PCErr   |
                       |          \  /          |
                       |           \/           |
                       |           /\           |
                       |          /   `-------->| (Ignored)
                       |<--------`              |

           Figure 2: Failed State Synchronization (PCE Failure)




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   The sequence where the PCC fails during the State Synchronization
   phase is shown in Figure 3.

                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                     |PCC|                    |PCE|
                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                       |                        |
                       |-----PCRpt, SYNC=1----->|
                       |                        |
                       |-----PCRpt, SYNC=1----->|
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |-------- PCErr=? ------>|
                       |                        |

           Figure 3: Failed State Synchronization (PCC Failure)

   Optimizations to the synchronization procedures and alternate
   mechanisms of providing the synchronization function are outside the
   scope of this document and are discussed elsewhere (see [RFC8232]).

5.7.  LSP Delegation

   If during capability advertisement both the PCE and the PCC have
   indicated that they support LSP Update, then the PCC may choose to
   grant the PCE a temporary right to update (a subset of) LSP
   attributes on one or more LSPs.  This is called "LSP delegation", and
   it MAY be performed at any time after the initialization phase,
   including during the State Synchronization phase.

   A PCE MAY return an LSP delegation at any time if it no longer wishes
   to update the LSP's state.  A PCC MAY revoke an LSP delegation at any
   time.  Delegation, Revocation, and Return are done individually for
   each LSP.

   In the event of a delegation being rejected or returned by a PCE, the
   PCC SHOULD react based on local policy.  It can, for example, either
   retry delegating to the same PCE using an exponentially increasing
   timer or delegate to an alternate PCE.

5.7.1.  Delegating an LSP

   A PCC delegates an LSP to a PCE by setting the Delegate flag in the
   LSP State Report to 1.  If the PCE does not accept the LSP
   delegation, it MUST immediately respond with an empty LSP Update
   Request that has the Delegate flag set to 0.  If the PCE accepts the
   LSP delegation, it MUST set the Delegate flag to 1 when it sends an



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   LSP Update Request for the delegated LSP (note that this may occur at
   a later time).  The PCE MAY also immediately acknowledge a delegation
   by sending an empty LSP Update Request that has the Delegate flag set
   to 1.

   The delegation sequence is shown in Figure 4.

                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                     |PCC|                    |PCE|
                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                       |                        |
                       |---PCRpt, Delegate=1--->| LSP delegated
                       |                        |
                       |---PCRpt, Delegate=1--->|
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |<--(PCUpd,Delegate=1)---| Delegation confirmed
                       |                        |
                       |---PCRpt, Delegate=1--->|
                       |                        |

                        Figure 4: Delegating an LSP

   Note that for an LSP to remain delegated to a PCE, the PCC MUST set
   the Delegate flag to 1 on each LSP State Report sent to the PCE.

5.7.2.  Revoking a Delegation

5.7.2.1.  Explicit Revocation

   When a PCC decides that a PCE is no longer permitted to modify an
   LSP, it revokes that LSP's delegation to the PCE.  A PCC may revoke
   an LSP delegation at any time during the LSP's lifetime.  A PCC
   revoking an LSP delegation MAY immediately remove the updated
   parameters provided by the PCE and revert to the operator-defined
   parameters, but to avoid traffic loss, it SHOULD do so in a
   make-before-break fashion.  If the PCC has received but not yet acted
   on PCUpd messages from the PCE for the LSP whose delegation is being
   revoked, then it SHOULD ignore these PCUpd messages when processing
   the message queue.  All effects of all messages for which processing
   started before the revocation took place MUST be allowed to complete,
   and the result MUST be given the same treatment as any LSP that had
   been previously delegated to the PCE (e.g., the state MAY immediately
   revert to the operator-defined parameters).






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   If a PCEP session with the PCE to which the LSP is delegated exists
   in the UP state during the revocation, the PCC MUST notify that PCE
   by sending an LSP State Report with the Delegate flag set to 0, as
   shown in Figure 5.

                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                     |PCC|                    |PCE|
                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                       |                        |
                       |---PCRpt, Delegate=1--->|
                       |                        |
                       |<--(PCUpd,Delegate=1)---| Delegation confirmed
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |---PCRpt, Delegate=0--->| PCC revokes delegation
                       |                        |

                      Figure 5: Revoking a Delegation

   After an LSP delegation has been revoked, a PCE can no longer update
   an LSP's parameters; an attempt to update parameters of a
   non-delegated LSP will result in the PCC sending a PCErr message with
   Error-type=19 (Invalid Operation) and error-value 1 (Attempted LSP
   Update Request for a non-delegated LSP) (see Section 8.5).

5.7.2.2.  Revocation on Redelegation Timeout

   When a PCC's PCEP session with a PCE terminates unexpectedly, the PCC
   MUST wait the time interval specified in the Redelegation Timeout
   Interval before revoking LSP delegations to that PCE and attempting
   to redelegate LSPs to an alternate PCE.  If a PCEP session with the
   original PCE can be re-established before the Redelegation Timeout
   Interval timer expires, LSP delegations to the PCE remain intact.

   Likewise, when a PCC's PCEP session with a PCE terminates
   unexpectedly, and the PCC does not succeed in redelegating its LSPs,
   the PCC MUST wait for the State Timeout Interval before flushing any
   LSP state associated with that PCE.  Note that the State Timeout
   Interval timer may expire before the PCC has redelegated the LSPs to
   another PCE, for example, if a PCC is not connected to any active
   stateful PCE or if no connected active stateful PCE accepts the
   delegation.  In this case, the PCC MUST flush any LSP state set by
   the PCE upon expiration of the State Timeout Interval and revert to
   operator-defined default parameters or behaviors.  This operation
   SHOULD be done in a make-before-break fashion.





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   The State Timeout Interval MUST be greater than or equal to the
   Redelegation Timeout Interval and MAY be set to infinity (meaning
   that until the PCC specifically takes action to change the parameters
   set by the PCE, they will remain intact).

5.7.3.  Returning a Delegation

   In order to keep a delegation, a PCE MUST set the Delegate flag to 1
   on each LSP Update Request sent to the PCC.  A PCE that no longer
   wishes to update an LSP's parameters SHOULD return the LSP delegation
   back to the PCC by sending an empty LSP Update Request that has the
   Delegate flag set to 0.  If a PCC receives an LSP Update Request with
   the Delegate flag set to 0 (whether the LSP Update Request is empty
   or not), it MUST treat this as a delegation return.

                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                     |PCC|                    |PCE|
                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                       |                        |
                       |---PCRpt, Delegate=1--->| LSP delegated
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |<--PCUpd, Delegate=0----| Delegation returned
                       |                        |
                       |---PCRpt, Delegate=0--->| No delegation for LSP
                       |                        |

                     Figure 6: Returning a Delegation

   If a PCC cannot delegate an LSP to a PCE (for example, if a PCC is
   not connected to any active stateful PCE or if no connected active
   stateful PCE accepts the delegation), the LSP delegation on the PCC
   will timeout within a configurable Redelegation Timeout Interval, and
   the PCC MUST flush any LSP state set by a PCE at the expiration of
   the State Timeout Interval and revert to operator-defined default
   parameters or behaviors.

5.7.4.  Redundant Stateful PCEs

   In a redundant configuration where one PCE is backing up another PCE,
   the backup PCE may have only a subset of the LSPs in the network
   delegated to it.  The backup PCE does not update any LSPs that are
   not delegated to it.  In order to allow the backup to operate in a
   hot-standby mode and avoid the need for State Synchronization in case
   the primary fails, the backup receives all LSP State Reports from a
   PCC.  When the primary PCE for a given LSP set fails, after expiry of
   the Redelegation Timeout Interval, the PCC SHOULD delegate to the



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   redundant PCE all LSPs that had been previously delegated to the
   failed PCE.  Assuming that the State Timeout Interval had been
   configured to be greater than the Redelegation Timeout Interval (as
   MANDATORY), and assuming that the primary and redundant PCEs take
   similar decisions, this delegation change will not cause any changes
   to the LSP parameters.

5.7.5.  Redelegation on PCE Failure

   On failure, the goal is to: 1) avoid any traffic loss on the LSPs
   that were updated by the PCE that crashed, 2) minimize the churn in
   the network in terms of ownership of the LSPs, 3) not leave any
   "orphan" (undelegated) LSPs, and 4) be able to control when the state
   that was set by the PCE can be changed or purged.  The values chosen
   for the Redelegation Timeout and State Timeout values affect the
   ability to accomplish these goals.

   This section summarizes the behavior with regards to LSP delegation
   and LSP state on a PCE failure.

   If the PCE crashes but recovers within the Redelegation Timeout, both
   the delegation state and the LSP state are kept intact.

   If the PCE crashes but does not recover within the Redelegation
   Timeout, the delegation state is returned to the PCC.  If the PCC can
   redelegate the LSPs to another PCE, and that PCE accepts the
   delegations, there will be no change in LSP state.  If the PCC cannot
   redelegate the LSPs to another PCE, then upon expiration of the State
   Timeout Interval, the state set by the PCE is removed and the LSP
   reverts to operator-defined parameters, which may cause a change in
   the LSP state.  Note that an operator may choose to use an infinite
   State Timeout Interval if he wishes to maintain the PCE state
   indefinitely.  Note also that flushing the state should be
   implemented using make-before-break to avoid traffic loss.

   If there is a standby PCE, the Redelegation Timeout may be set to 0
   through policy on the PCC, causing the LSPs to be redelegated
   immediately to the PCC, which can delegate them immediately to the
   standby PCE.  Assuming that the PCC can redelegate the LSP to the
   standby PCE within the State Timeout Interval, and assuming the
   standby PCE takes similar decisions as the failed PCE, the LSP state
   will be kept intact.









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5.8.  LSP Operations

5.8.1.  Passive Stateful PCE Path Computation Request/Response

                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                     |PCC|                    |PCE|
                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                       |                        |
   1) Path computation |----- PCReq message --->|
      request sent to  |                        |2) Path computation
      PCE              |                        |   request received,
                       |                        |   path computed
                       |                        |
                       |<---- PCRep message ----|3) Computed paths
                       |     (Positive reply)   |   sent to the PCC
                       |     (Negative reply)   |
   4) LSP state change |                        |
      event            |                        |
                       |                        |
   5) LSP State Report |----- PCRpt message --->|
      sent to all      |            .           |
      stateful PCEs    |            .           |
                       |            .           |
   6) Repeat for each  |----- PCRpt message --->|
      LSP state change |                        |
                       |                        |

     Figure 7: Passive Stateful PCE Path Computation Request/Response

   Once a PCC has successfully established a PCEP session with a passive
   stateful PCE and the PCC's LSP state is synchronized with the PCE
   (i.e., the PCE knows about all of the PCC's existing LSPs), if an
   event is triggered that requires the computation of a set of paths,
   the PCC sends a path computation request to the PCE ([RFC5440],
   Section 4.2.3).  The PCReq message MAY contain the LSP object to
   identify the LSP for which the path computation is requested.

   Upon receiving a path computation request from a PCC, the PCE
   triggers a path computation and returns either a positive or a
   negative reply to the PCC ([RFC5440], Section 4.2.4).

   Upon receiving a positive path computation reply, the PCC receives a
   set of computed paths and starts to set up the LSPs.  For each LSP,
   it MAY send an LSP State Report carried on a PCRpt message to the
   PCE, indicating that the LSP's status is "Going-up".






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   Once an LSP is up or active, the PCC MUST send an LSP State Report
   carried on a PCRpt message to the PCE, indicating that the LSP's
   status is 'Up' or 'Active', respectively.  If the LSP could not be
   set up, the PCC MUST send an LSP State Report indicating that the LSP
   is 'Down' and stating the cause of the failure.  Note that due to
   timing constraints, the LSP status may change from 'Going-up' to 'Up'
   (or 'Down') before the PCC has had a chance to send an LSP State
   Report indicating that the status is 'Going-up'.  In such cases, the
   PCC MAY choose to only send the PCRpt indicating the latest status
   ('Active', 'Up', or 'Down').

   Upon receiving a negative reply from a PCE, a PCC MAY resend a
   modified request or take any other appropriate action.  For each
   requested LSP, it SHOULD also send an LSP State Report carried on a
   PCRpt message to the PCE, indicating that the LSP's status is 'Down'.

   There is no direct correlation between PCRep and PCRpt messages.  For
   a given LSP, multiple LSP State Reports will follow a single PCRep
   message, as a PCC notifies a PCE of the LSP's state changes.

   A PCC MUST send each LSP State Report to each stateful PCE that is
   connected to the PCC.

   Note that a single PCRpt message MAY contain multiple LSP State
   Reports.

   The passive stateful model for stateful PCEs is described in
   [RFC4655], Section 6.8.

5.8.2.  Switching from Passive Stateful to Active Stateful

   This section deals with the scenario of an LSP transitioning from a
   passive stateful to an active stateful mode of operation.  When the
   LSP has no working path, prior to delegating the LSP, the PCC MUST
   first use the procedure defined in Section 5.8.1 to request the
   initial path from the PCE.  This is required because the action of
   delegating the LSP to a PCE using a PCRpt message is not an explicit
   request to the PCE to compute a path for the LSP.  The only explicit
   way for a PCC to request a path from the PCE is to send a PCReq
   message.  The PCRpt message MUST NOT be used by the PCC to attempt to
   request a path from the PCE.

   When the LSP is delegated after its setup, it may be useful for the
   PCC to communicate to the PCE the locally configured intended
   configuration parameters, so that the PCE may reuse them in its
   computations.  Such parameters MAY be acquired through an out-of-band
   channel, or MAY be communicated in the PCRpt message delegating the
   LSPs, by including them as part of the intended-attribute-list as



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   explained in Section 6.1.  An implementation MAY allow policies on
   the PCC to determine the configuration parameters to be sent to the
   PCE.

5.8.3.  Active Stateful PCE LSP Update

                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                     |PCC|                    |PCE|
                     +-+-+                    +-+-+
                       |                        |
   1) LSP State        |-- PCRpt, Delegate=1 -->|
      Synchronization  |            .           |
                       |            .           |2) PCE decides to
                       |            .           |   update the LSP
                       |                        |
                       |<---- PCUpd message ----|3) PCUpd message sent
                       |                        |   to the PCC
                       |                        |
                       |                        |
   4) LSP State Report |---- PCRpt message ---->|
      sent(->Going-up) |            .           |
                       |            .           |
                       |            .           |
   5) LSP State Report |---- PCRpt message ---->|
      sent (->Up|Down) |                        |
                       |                        |

                       Figure 8: Active Stateful PCE

   Once a PCC has successfully established a PCEP session with an active
   stateful PCE, the PCC's LSP state is synchronized with the PCE (i.e.,
   the PCE knows about all of the PCC's existing LSPs).  After LSPs have
   been delegated to the PCE, the PCE can modify LSP parameters of
   delegated LSPs.

   To update an LSP, a PCE MUST send the PCC an LSP Update Request using
   a PCUpd message.  The LSP Update Request contains a variety of
   objects that specify the set of constraints and attributes for the
   LSP's path.  Each LSP Update Request MUST have a unique identifier,
   the SRP-ID-number, carried in the SRP object described in
   Section 7.2.  The SRP-ID-number is used to correlate errors and state
   reports to LSP Update Requests.  A single PCUpd message MAY contain
   multiple LSP Update Requests.

   Upon receiving a PCUpd message, the PCC starts to set up LSPs
   specified in LSP Update Requests carried in the message.  For each
   LSP, it MAY send an LSP State Report carried on a PCRpt message to
   the PCE, indicating that the LSP's status is 'Going-up'.  If the PCC



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   decides that the LSP parameters proposed in the PCUpd message are
   unacceptable, it MUST report this error by including the
   LSP-ERROR-CODE TLV (Section 7.3.3) with LSP error-value="Unacceptable
   parameters" in the LSP object in the PCRpt message to the PCE.  Based
   on local policy, it MAY react further to this error by revoking the
   delegation.  If the PCC receives a PCUpd message for an LSP object
   identified with a PLSP-ID that does not exist on the PCC, it MUST
   generate a PCErr with Error-type=19 (Invalid Operation), error-value
   3, (Attempted LSP Update Request for an LSP identified by an unknown
   PSP-ID) (see Section 8.5).

   Once an LSP is up, the PCC MUST send an LSP State Report (PCRpt
   message) to the PCE, indicating that the LSP's status is 'Up'.  If
   the LSP could not be set up, the PCC MUST send an LSP State Report
   indicating that the LSP is 'Down' and stating the cause of the
   failure.  A PCC MAY compress LSP State Reports to only reflect the
   most up to date state, as discussed in the previous section.

   A PCC MUST send each LSP State Report to each stateful PCE that is
   connected to the PCC.

   PCErr and PCRpt messages triggered as a result of a PCUpd message
   MUST include the SRP-ID-number from the PCUpd.  This provides
   correlation of requests and errors and acknowledgement of state
   processing.  The PCC MAY compress the state when processing PCUpd.
   In this case, receipt of a higher SRP-ID-number implicitly
   acknowledges processing all the updates with a lower SRP-ID-number
   for the specific LSP (as per Section 7.2).

   A PCC MUST NOT send to any PCE a path computation request for a
   delegated LSP.  Should the PCC decide it wants to issue a Path
   Computation Request on a delegated LSP, it MUST perform the
   Delegation Revocation procedure first.

5.9.  LSP Protection

   LSP protection and interaction with stateful PCE, as well as the
   extensions necessary to implement this functionality, will be
   discussed in a separate document.

5.10.  PCEP Sessions

   A permanent PCEP session MUST be established between a stateful PCE
   and the PCC.  In the case of session failure, session
   re-establishment MUST be re-attempted per the procedures defined in
   [RFC5440].





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6.  PCEP Messages

   As defined in [RFC5440], a PCEP message consists of a common header
   followed by a variable-length body made of a set of objects.  For
   each PCEP message type, a set of rules is defined that specifies the
   set of objects that the message can carry.

6.1.  The PCRpt Message

   A Path Computation LSP State Report message (also referred to as a
   PCRpt message) is a PCEP message sent by a PCC to a PCE to report the
   current state of an LSP.  A PCRpt message can carry more than one LSP
   State Reports.  A PCC can send an LSP State Report either in response
   to an LSP Update Request from a PCE or asynchronously when the state
   of an LSP changes.  The Message-Type field of the PCEP common header
   for the PCRpt message is 10.

   The format of the PCRpt message is as follows:

      <PCRpt Message> ::= <Common Header>
                          <state-report-list>
   Where:

      <state-report-list> ::= <state-report>[<state-report-list>]

      <state-report> ::= [<SRP>]
                         <LSP>
                         <path>
    Where:
      <path>::= <intended-path>
                [<actual-attribute-list><actual-path>]
                <intended-attribute-list>

      <actual-attribute-list>::=[<BANDWIDTH>]
                                [<metric-list>]

   Where:
      <intended-path> is represented by the ERO object defined in
      Section 7.9 of [RFC5440].

      <actual-attribute-list> consists of the actual computed and
      signaled values of the <BANDWIDTH> and <metric-lists> objects
      defined in [RFC5440].

      <actual-path> is represented by the RRO object defined in
      Section 7.10 of [RFC5440].





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      <intended-attribute-list> is the attribute-list defined in
      Section 6.5 of [RFC5440] and extended by PCEP extensions.

   The SRP object (see Section 7.2) is OPTIONAL.  If the PCRpt message
   is not in response to a PCupd message, the SRP object MAY be omitted.

   When the PCC does not include the SRP object, the PCE MUST treat this
   as an SRP object with an SRP-ID-number equal to the reserved value
   0x00000000.  The reserved value 0x00000000 indicates that the state
   reported is not a result of processing a PCUpd message.

   If the PCRpt message is in response to a PCUpd message, the SRP
   object MUST be included and the value of the SRP-ID-number in the SRP
   object MUST be the same as that sent in the PCUpd message that
   triggered the state that is reported.  If the PCC compressed several
   PCUpd messages for the same LSP by only processing the one with the
   highest number, then it should use the SRP-ID-number of that request.
   No state compression is allowed for state reporting, e.g., PCRpt
   messages MUST NOT be pruned from the PCC's egress queue even if
   subsequent operations on the same LSP have been completed before the
   PCRpt message has been sent to the TCP stack.  The PCC MUST
   explicitly report state changes (including removal) for paths it
   manages.

   The LSP object (see Section 7.3) is REQUIRED, and it MUST be included
   in each LSP State Report on the PCRpt message.  If the LSP object is
   missing, the receiving PCE MUST send a PCErr message with
   Error-type=6 (Mandatory Object missing) and Error-value 8 (LSP object
   missing).

   If the LSP transitioned to non-operational state, the PCC SHOULD
   include the LSP-ERROR-TLV (Section 7.3.3) with the relevant LSP Error
   Code to report the error to the PCE.

   The intended path, represented by the ERO object, is REQUIRED.  If
   the ERO object is missing, the receiving PCE MUST send a PCErr
   message with Error-type=6 (Mandatory Object missing) and Error-value
   9 (ERO object missing).  The ERO may be empty if the PCE does not
   have a path for a delegated LSP.

   The actual path, represented by the RRO object, SHOULD be included in
   a PCRpt by the PCC when the path is up or active, but it MAY be
   omitted if the path is down due to a signaling error or another
   failure.

   The intended-attribute-list maps to the attribute-list in Section 6.5
   of [RFC5440] and is used to convey the requested parameters of the
   LSP path.  This is needed in order to support the switch from passive



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   to active stateful PCE as described in Section 5.8.2.  When included
   as part of the intended-attribute-list, the meaning of the BANDWIDTH
   object is the requested bandwidth as intended by the operator.  In
   this case, the BANDWIDTH Object-Type of 1 SHOULD be used.  Similarly,
   to indicate a limiting constraint, the METRIC object SHOULD be
   included as part of the intended-attribute-list with the B flag set
   and with a specific metric value.  To indicate the optimization
   metric, the METRIC object SHOULD be included as part of the
   intended-attribute-list with the B flag unset and the metric value
   set to zero.  Note that the intended-attribute-list is optional and
   thus may be omitted.  In this case, the PCE MAY use the values in the
   actual-attribute-list as the requested parameters for the path.

   The actual-attribute-list consists of the actual computed and
   signaled values of the BANDWIDTH and METRIC objects defined in
   [RFC5440].  When included as part of the actual-attribute-list,
   Object-Type 2 [RFC5440] SHOULD be used for the BANDWIDTH object, and
   the C flag SHOULD be set in the METRIC object [RFC5440].

   Note that the ordering of intended-path, actual-attribute-list,
   actual-path, and intended-attribute-list is chosen to retain
   compatibility with implementations of an earlier version of this
   standard.

   A PCE may choose to implement a limit on the resources a single PCC
   can occupy.  If a PCRpt is received that causes the PCE to exceed
   this limit, the PCE MUST notify the PCC using a PCNtf message with
   Notification Type 4 (Stateful PCE resource limit exceeded) and
   Notification Value 1 (Entering resource limit exceeded state), and it
   MUST terminate the session.

6.2.  The PCUpd Message

   A Path Computation LSP Update Request message (also referred to as
   PCUpd message) is a PCEP message sent by a PCE to a PCC to update
   attributes of an LSP.  A PCUpd message can carry more than one LSP
   Update Request.  The Message-Type field of the PCEP common header for
   the PCUpd message is 11.













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   The format of a PCUpd message is as follows:

      <PCUpd Message> ::= <Common Header>
                          <update-request-list>
   Where:

      <update-request-list> ::= <update-request>[<update-request-list>]

      <update-request> ::= <SRP>
                           <LSP>
                           <path>
   Where:
      <path>::= <intended-path><intended-attribute-list>

   Where:
      <intended-path> is represented by the ERO object defined in
      Section 7.9 of [RFC5440].

      <intended-attribute-list> is the attribute-list defined in
      [RFC5440] and extended by PCEP extensions.

   There are three mandatory objects that MUST be included within each
   LSP Update Request in the PCUpd message: the SRP object (see
   Section 7.2), the LSP object (see Section 7.3) and the ERO object (as
   defined in [RFC5440], which represents the intended path.  If the SRP
   object is missing, the receiving PCC MUST send a PCErr message with
   Error-type=6 (Mandatory Object missing) and Error-value=10 (SRP
   object missing).  If the LSP object is missing, the receiving PCC
   MUST send a PCErr message with Error-type=6 (Mandatory Object
   missing) and Error-value=8 (LSP object missing).  If the ERO object
   is missing, the receiving PCC MUST send a PCErr message with
   Error-type=6 (Mandatory Object missing) and Error-value=9 (ERO object
   missing).

   The ERO in the PCUpd may be empty if the PCE cannot find a valid path
   for a delegated LSP.  One typical situation resulting in this empty
   ERO carried in the PCUpd message is that a PCE can no longer find a
   strict SRLG-disjoint path for a delegated LSP after a link failure.
   The PCC SHOULD implement a local policy to decide the appropriate
   action to be taken: either tear down the LSP or revoke the delegation
   and use a locally computed path, or keep the existing LSP.

   A PCC only acts on an LSP Update Request if permitted by the local
   policy configured by the network manager.  Each LSP Update Request
   that the PCC acts on results in an LSP setup operation.  An LSP
   Update Request MUST contain all LSP parameters that a PCE wishes to





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   be set for the LSP.  A PCC MAY set missing parameters from locally
   configured defaults.  If the LSP specified in the Update Request is
   already up, it will be re-signaled.

   The PCC SHOULD minimize the traffic interruption and MAY use the
   make-before-break procedures described in [RFC3209] in order to
   achieve this goal.  If the make-before-break procedures are used, two
   paths will briefly coexist.  The PCC MUST send separate PCRpt
   messages for each, identified by the LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV.  When the
   old path is torn down after the head end switches over the traffic,
   this event MUST be reported by sending a PCRpt message with the
   LSP-IDENTIFIERS-TLV of the old path and the R bit set.  The
   SRP-ID-number that the PCC associates with this PCRpt MUST be
   0x00000000.  Thus, a make-before-break operation will typically
   result in at least two PCRpt messages, one for the new path and one
   for the removal of the old path (more messages may be possible if
   intermediate states are reported).

   If the path setup fails due to an RSVP signaling error, the error is
   reported to the PCE.  The PCC will not attempt to re-signal the path
   until it is prompted again by the PCE with a subsequent PCUpd
   message.

   A PCC MUST respond with an LSP State Report to each LSP Update
   Request it processed to indicate the resulting state of the LSP in
   the network (even if this processing did not result in changing the
   state of the LSP).  The SRP-ID-number included in the PCRpt MUST
   match that in the PCUpd.  A PCC MAY respond with multiple LSP State
   Reports to report LSP setup progress of a single LSP.  In that case,
   the SRP-ID-number MUST be included for the first message; for
   subsequent messages, the reserved value 0x00000000 SHOULD be used.

   Note that a PCC MUST process all LSP Update Requests -- for example,
   an LSP Update Request is sent when a PCE returns delegation or puts
   an LSP into non-operational state.  The protocol relies on TCP for
   message-level flow control.

   If the rate of PCUpd messages sent to a PCC for the same target LSP
   exceeds the rate at which the PCC can signal LSPs into the network,
   the PCC MAY perform state compression on its ingress queue.  The
   compression algorithm is based on the fact that each PCUpd request
   contains the complete LSP state the PCE wishes to be set and works as
   follows: when the PCC starts processing a PCUpd message at the head
   of its ingress queue, it may search the queue forward for more recent
   PCUpd messages pertaining to that particular LSP, prune all but the
   latest one from the queue, and process only the last one as that
   request contains the most up-to-date desired state for the LSP.  The
   PCC MUST NOT send PCRpt nor PCErr messages for requests that were



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   pruned from the queue in this way.  This compression step may be
   performed only while the LSP is not being signaled, e.g., if two
   PCUpd arrive for the same LSP in quick succession and the PCC started
   the signaling of the changes relevant to the first PCUpd, then it
   MUST wait until the signaling finishes (and report the new state via
   a PCRpt) before attempting to apply the changes indicated in the
   second PCUpd.

   Note also that it is up to the PCE to handle inter-LSP dependencies;
   for example, if ordering of LSP setups is required, the PCE has to
   wait for an LSP State Report for a previous LSP before starting the
   update of the next LSP.

   If the PCUpd cannot be satisfied (for example, due to an unsupported
   object or a TLV), the PCC MUST respond with a PCErr message
   indicating the failure (see Section 7.3.3).

6.3.  The PCErr Message

   If the stateful PCE capability has been advertised on the PCEP
   session, the PCErr message MAY include the SRP object.  If the error
   reported is the result of an LSP Update Request, then the
   SRP-ID-number MUST be the one from the PCUpd that triggered the
   error.  If the error is unsolicited, the SRP object MAY be omitted.
   This is equivalent to including an SRP object with the SRP-ID-number
   equal to the reserved value 0x00000000.

   The format of a PCErr message from [RFC5440] is extended as follows:

      <PCErr Message> ::= <Common Header>
                        ( <error-obj-list> [<Open>] ) | <error>
                        [<error-list>]

      <error-obj-list>::=<PCEP-ERROR>[<error-obj-list>]

      <error>::=[<request-id-list> | <stateful-request-id-list>]
                 <error-obj-list>

      <request-id-list>::=<RP>[<request-id-list>]

      <stateful-request-id-list>::=<SRP>[<stateful-request-id-list>]

      <error-list>::=<error>[<error-list>]








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6.4.  The PCReq Message

   A PCC MAY include the LSP object in the PCReq message (see
   Section 7.3) if the stateful PCE capability has been negotiated on a
   PCEP session between the PCC and a PCE.

   The definition of the PCReq message from [RFC5440] is extended to
   optionally include the LSP object after the END-POINTS object.  The
   encoding from [RFC5440] will become:

      <PCReq Message>::= <Common Header>
                         [<svec-list>]
                         <request-list>
   Where:

         <svec-list>::=<SVEC>[<svec-list>]
         <request-list>::=<request>[<request-list>]

         <request>::= <RP>
                      <END-POINTS>
                      [<LSP>]
                      [<LSPA>]
                      [<BANDWIDTH>]
                      [<metric-list>]
                      [<RRO>[<BANDWIDTH>]]
                      [<IRO>]
                      [<LOAD-BALANCING>]

6.5.  The PCRep Message

   A PCE MAY include the LSP object in the PCRep message (see
   Section 7.3) if the stateful PCE capability has been negotiated on a
   PCEP session between the PCC, and the PCE and the LSP object were
   included in the corresponding PCReq message from the PCC.

   The definition of the PCRep message from [RFC5440] is extended to
   optionally include the LSP object after the Request Parameter (RP)
   object.  The encoding from [RFC5440] will become:

      <PCRep Message> ::= <Common Header>
                          <response-list>










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   Where:

         <response-list>::=<response>[<response-list>]

         <response>::=<RP>
                     [<LSP>]
                     [<NO-PATH>]
                     [<attribute-list>]
                     [<path-list>]


7.  Object Formats

   The PCEP objects defined in this document are compliant with the PCEP
   object format defined in [RFC5440].  The P and I flags of the PCEP
   objects defined in the current document MUST be set to 0 on
   transmission and SHOULD be ignored on receipt since they are
   exclusively related to path computation requests.

7.1.  OPEN Object

   This document defines one new optional TLV for use in the OPEN
   object.

7.1.1.  STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV

   The STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV is an optional TLV for use in the
   OPEN object for stateful PCE capability advertisement.  Its format is
   shown in the following figure:

      0                   1                   2                   3
      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |               Type=16         |            Length=4           |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                             Flags                           |U|
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

               Figure 9: STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV Format

   The type (16 bits) of the TLV is 16.  The length field is 16 bits
   long and has a fixed value of 4.

   The value comprises a single field -- Flags (32 bits):

   U (LSP-UPDATE-CAPABILITY - 1 bit):  if set to 1 by a PCC, the U flag
      indicates that the PCC allows modification of LSP parameters; if
      set to 1 by a PCE, the U flag indicates that the PCE is capable of



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      updating LSP parameters.  The LSP-UPDATE-CAPABILITY flag must be
      advertised by both a PCC and a PCE for PCUpd messages to be
      allowed on a PCEP session.

   Unassigned bits are considered reserved.  They MUST be set to 0 on
   transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.

   A PCEP speaker operating in passive stateful PCE mode advertises the
   stateful PCE capability with the U flag set to 0.  A PCEP speaker
   operating in active stateful PCE mode advertises the stateful PCE
   capability with the U flag set to 1.

   Advertisement of the stateful PCE capability implies support of LSPs
   that are signaled via RSVP, as well as the objects, TLVs, and
   procedures defined in this document.

7.2.  SRP Object

   The SRP (Stateful PCE Request Parameters) object MUST be carried
   within PCUpd messages and MAY be carried within PCRpt and PCErr
   messages.  The SRP object is used to correlate between update
   requests sent by the PCE and the error reports and state reports sent
   by the PCC.

   SRP Object-Class is 33.

   SRP Object-Type is 1.

   The format of the SRP object body is shown in Figure 10:

       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                          Flags                                |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                        SRP-ID-number                          |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                                                               |
      //                      Optional TLVs                          //
      |                                                               |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


                     Figure 10: The SRP Object Format

   The SRP object body has a variable length and may contain additional
   TLVs.




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   Flags (32 bits): None defined yet.

   SRP-ID-number (32 bits): The SRP-ID-number value in the scope of the
   current PCEP session uniquely identifies the operation that the PCE
   has requested the PCC to perform on a given LSP.  The SRP-ID-number
   is incremented each time a new request is sent to the PCC, and it may
   wrap around.

   The values 0x00000000 and 0xFFFFFFFF are reserved.

   Optional TLVs MAY be included within the SRP object body.  The
   specification of such TLVs is outside the scope of this document.

   Every request to update an LSP receives a new SRP-ID-number.  This
   number is unique per PCEP session and is incremented each time an
   operation is requested from the PCE.  Thus, for a given LSP, there
   may be more than one SRP-ID-number unacknowledged at a given time.
   The value of the SRP-ID-number is echoed back by the PCC in PCErr and
   PCRpt messages to allow for correlation between requests made by the
   PCE and errors or state reports generated by the PCC.  If the error
   or report was not a result of a PCE operation (for example, in the
   case of a link down event), the reserved value of 0x00000000 is used
   for the SRP-ID-number.  The absence of the SRP object is equivalent
   to an SRP object with the reserved value of 0x00000000.  An
   SRP-ID-number is considered unacknowledged and cannot be reused until
   a PCErr or PCRpt arrives with an SRP-ID-number equal or higher for
   the same LSP.  In case of SRP-ID-number wrapping, the last
   SRP-ID-number before the wrapping MUST be explicitly acknowledged, to
   avoid a situation where SRP-ID-numbers remain unacknowledged after
   the wrap.  This means that the PCC may need to issue two PCUpd
   messages on detecting a wrap.

7.3.  LSP Object

   The LSP object MUST be present within PCRpt and PCUpd messages.  The
   LSP object MAY be carried within PCReq and PCRep messages if the
   stateful PCE capability has been negotiated on the session.  The LSP
   object contains a set of fields used to specify the target LSP, the
   operation to be performed on the LSP, and LSP delegation.  It also
   contains a flag indicating to a PCE that the LSP State
   Synchronization is in progress.  This document focuses on LSPs that
   are signaled with RSVP; many of the TLVs used with the LSP object
   mirror RSVP state.

   LSP Object-Class is 32.

   LSP Object-Type is 1.




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   The format of the LSP object body is shown in Figure 11:

      0                   1                   2                   3
      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                PLSP-ID                |    Flag |  O  |A|R|S|D|
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     //                        TLVs                                 //
     |                                                               |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                     Figure 11: The LSP Object Format

   PLSP-ID (20 bits): A PCEP-specific identifier for the LSP.  A PCC
   creates a unique PLSP-ID for each LSP that is constant for the
   lifetime of a PCEP session.  The PCC will advertise the same PLSP-ID
   on all PCEP sessions it maintains at a given time.  The mapping of
   the symbolic path name to PLSP-ID is communicated to the PCE by
   sending a PCRpt message containing the SYMBOLIC-PATH-NAME TLV.  All
   subsequent PCEP messages then address the LSP by the PLSP-ID.  The
   values of 0 and 0xFFFFF are reserved.  Note that the PLSP-ID is a
   value that is constant for the lifetime of the PCEP session, during
   which time for an RSVP-signaled LSP there might be different RSVP
   identifiers (LSP-id, tunnel-id) allocated to it.

   Flags (12 bits), starting from the least significant bit:

   D (Delegate - 1 bit):  On a PCRpt message, the D flag set to 1
      indicates that the PCC is delegating the LSP to the PCE.  On a
      PCUpd message, the D flag set to 1 indicates that the PCE is
      confirming the LSP delegation.  To keep an LSP delegated to the
      PCE, the PCC must set the D flag to 1 on each PCRpt message for
      the duration of the delegation -- the first PCRpt with the D flag
      set to 0 revokes the delegation.  To keep the delegation, the PCE
      must set the D flag to 1 on each PCUpd message for the duration of
      the delegation -- the first PCUpd with the D flag set to 0 returns
      the delegation.

   S (SYNC - 1 bit):  The S flag MUST be set to 1 on each PCRpt sent
      from a PCC during State Synchronization.  The S flag MUST be set
      to 0 in other messages sent from the PCC.  When sending a PCUpd
      message, the PCE MUST set the S flag to 0.

   R (Remove - 1 bit):  On PCRpt messages, the R flag indicates that the
      LSP has been removed from the PCC and the PCE SHOULD remove all
      state from its database.  Upon receiving an LSP State Report with
      the R flag set to 1 for an RSVP-signaled LSP, the PCE SHOULD
      remove all state for the path identified by the LSP-IDENTIFIERS



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      TLV from its database.  When the all-zeros LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV is
      used, the PCE SHOULD remove all state for the PLSP-ID from its
      database.  When sending a PCUpd message, the PCE MUST set the R
      flag to 0.

   A (Administrative - 1 bit):  On PCRpt messages, the A flag indicates
      the PCC's target operational status for this LSP.  On PCUpd
      messages, the A flag indicates the LSP status that the PCE desires
      for this LSP.  In both cases, a value of '1' means that the
      desired operational state is active, and a value of '0' means that
      the desired operational state is inactive.  A PCC ignores the A
      flag on a PCUpd message unless the operator's policy allows the
      PCE to control the corresponding LSP's administrative state.

   O (Operational - 3 bits):  On PCRpt messages, the O field represents
      the operational status of the LSP.

      The following values are defined:

      0 - DOWN:         not active.

      1 - UP:           signaled.

      2 - ACTIVE:       up and carrying traffic.

      3 - GOING-DOWN:   LSP is being torn down, and resources are being
                        released.

      4 - GOING-UP:     LSP is being signaled.

      5-7 - Reserved:   these values are reserved for future use.

   Unassigned bits are reserved for future uses.  They MUST be set to 0
   on transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.  When sending a PCUpd
   message, the PCE MUST set the O field to 0.

   TLVs that may be included in the LSP object are described in the
   following sections.  Other optional TLVs, that are not defined in
   this document, MAY also be included within the LSP object body.

7.3.1.  LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLVs

   The LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV MUST be included in the LSP object in PCRpt
   messages for RSVP-signaled LSPs.  If the TLV is missing, the PCE will
   generate an error with Error-type=6 (Mandatory Object missing) and
   error-value 11 (LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV missing) and close the session.
   The LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV MAY be included in the LSP object in PCUpd
   messages for RSVP-signaled LSPs.  The special value of all zeros for



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   this TLV is used to refer to all paths pertaining to a particular
   PLSP-ID.  There are two LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLVs, one for IPv4 and one
   for IPv6.

   It is the responsibility of the PCC to send to the PCE the
   identifiers for each RSVP incarnation of the tunnel.  For example, in
   a make-before-break scenario, the PCC MUST send a separate PCRpt for
   the old and reoptimized paths and explicitly report removal of any of
   these paths using the R bit in the LSP object.

   The format of the IPV4-LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV is shown in the following
   figure:

      0                   1                   2                   3
      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |           Type=18             |           Length=16           |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                   IPv4 Tunnel Sender Address                  |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |             LSP ID            |           Tunnel ID           |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                        Extended Tunnel ID                     |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                   IPv4 Tunnel Endpoint Address                |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                Figure 12: IPV4-LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV Format

   The type (16 bits) of the TLV is 18.  The length field is 16 bits
   long and has a fixed value of 16.  The value contains the following
   fields:

   IPv4 Tunnel Sender Address:  contains the sender node's IPv4 address,
      as defined in [RFC3209], Section 4.6.2.1, for the LSP_TUNNEL_IPv4
      Sender Template Object.

   LSP ID:  contains the 16-bit 'LSP ID' identifier defined in
      [RFC3209], Section 4.6.2.1 for the LSP_TUNNEL_IPv4 Sender Template
      Object.  A value of 0 MUST be used if the LSP is not yet signaled.

   Tunnel ID:  contains the 16-bit 'Tunnel ID' identifier defined in
      [RFC3209], Section 4.6.1.1 for the LSP_TUNNEL_IPv4 Session Object.

   Extended Tunnel ID:  contains the 32-bit 'Extended Tunnel ID'
      identifier defined in [RFC3209], Section 4.6.1.1 for the
      LSP_TUNNEL_IPv4 Session Object.




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   IPv4 Tunnel Endpoint Address:  contains the egress node's IPv4
      address, as defined in [RFC3209], Section 4.6.1.1, for the
      LSP_TUNNEL_IPv4 Sender Template Object.

   The format of the IPV6-LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV is shown in the following
   figure:

      0                   1                   2                   3
      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |           Type=19             |           Length=52           |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                                                               |
     +                                                               +
     |                  IPv6 Tunnel Sender Address                   |
     +                          (16 octets)                          +
     |                                                               |
     +                                                               +
     |                                                               |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |             LSP ID            |           Tunnel ID           |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                                                               |
     +                                                               +
     |                       Extended Tunnel ID                      |
     +                          (16 octets)                          +
     |                                                               |
     +                                                               +
     |                                                               |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                                                               |
     +                                                               +
     |                  IPv6 Tunnel Endpoint Address                 |
     +                          (16 octets)                          +
     |                                                               |
     +                                                               +
     |                                                               |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                Figure 13: IPV6-LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV Format

   The type (16 bits) of the TLV is 19.  The length field is 16 bits
   long and has a fixed value of 52.  The value contains the following
   fields:

   IPv6 Tunnel Sender Address:  contains the sender node's IPv6 address,
      as defined in [RFC3209], Section 4.6.2.2, for the LSP_TUNNEL_IPv6
      Sender Template Object.



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   LSP ID:  contains the 16-bit 'LSP ID' identifier defined in
      [RFC3209], Section 4.6.2.2 for the LSP_TUNNEL_IPv6 Sender Template
      Object.  A value of 0 MUST be used if the LSP is not yet signaled.

   Tunnel ID:  contains the 16-bit 'Tunnel ID' identifier defined in
      [RFC3209], Section 4.6.1.2 for the LSP_TUNNEL_IPv6 Session Object.

   Extended Tunnel ID:  contains the 128-bit 'Extended Tunnel ID'
      identifier defined in [RFC3209], Section 4.6.1.2 for the
      LSP_TUNNEL_IPv6 Session Object.

   IPv6 Tunnel Endpoint Address:  contains the egress node's IPv6
      address, as defined in [RFC3209], Section 4.6.1.2, for the
      LSP_TUNNEL_IPv6 Session Object.

   The Tunnel ID remains constant over the lifetime of a tunnel.

7.3.2.  Symbolic Path Name TLV

   Each LSP MUST have a symbolic path name that is unique in the PCC.
   The symbolic path name is a human-readable string that identifies an
   LSP in the network.  The symbolic path name MUST remain constant
   throughout an LSP's lifetime, which may span across multiple
   consecutive PCEP sessions and/or PCC restarts.  The symbolic path
   name MAY be specified by an operator in a PCC's configuration.  If
   the operator does not specify a unique symbolic name for an LSP, then
   the PCC MUST auto-generate one.

   The PCE uses the symbolic path name as a stable identifier for the
   LSP.  If the PCEP session restarts, or the PCC restarts, or the PCC
   re-delegates the LSP to a different PCE, the symbolic path name for
   the LSP remains constant and can be used to correlate across the PCEP
   session instances.

   The other protocol identifiers for the LSP cannot reliably be used to
   identify the LSP across multiple PCEP sessions, for the following
   reasons.

   o  The PLSP-ID is unique only within the scope of a single PCEP
      session.

   o  The LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV is only guaranteed to be present for LSPs
      that are signaled with RSVP-TE, and it may change during the
      lifetime of the LSP.

   The SYMBOLIC-PATH-NAME TLV MUST be included in the LSP object in the
   LSP State Report (PCRpt) message when during a given PCEP session an
   LSP is first reported to a PCE.  A PCC sends to a PCE the first LSP



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   State Report either during State Synchronization or when a new LSP is
   configured at the PCC.

   The initial PCRpt creates a binding between the symbolic path name
   and the PLSP-ID for the LSP that lasts for the duration of the PCEP
   session.  The PCC MAY omit the symbolic path name from subsequent LSP
   State Reports for that LSP on that PCEP session, and just use the
   PLSP-ID.

   The format of the SYMBOLIC-PATH-NAME TLV is shown in the following
   figure:

      0                   1                   2                   3
      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |           Type=17             |       Length (variable)       |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                                                               |
     //                      Symbolic Path Name                     //
     |                                                               |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                 Figure 14: SYMBOLIC-PATH-NAME TLV Format

   Type (16 bits): the type is 17.

   Length (16 bits): indicates the total length of the TLV in octets and
   MUST be greater than 0.  The TLV MUST be zero-padded so that the TLV
   is 4-octet aligned.

   Symbolic Path Name (variable): symbolic name for the LSP, unique in
   the PCC.  It SHOULD be a string of printable ASCII characters,
   without a NULL terminator.

7.3.3.  LSP Error Code TLV

   The LSP Error Code TLV is an optional TLV for use in the LSP object
   to convey error information.  When an LSP Update Request fails, an
   LSP State Report MUST be sent to report the current state of the LSP,
   and it SHOULD contain the LSP-ERROR-CODE TLV indicating the reason
   for the failure.  Similarly, when a PCRpt is sent as a result of an
   LSP transitioning to non-operational state, the LSP-ERROR-CODE TLV
   SHOULD be included to indicate the reason for the transition.








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   The format of the LSP-ERROR-CODE TLV is shown in the following
   figure:

      0                   1                   2                   3
      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |           Type=20             |            Length=4           |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                          LSP Error Code                       |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                   Figure 15: LSP-ERROR-CODE TLV Format

   The type (16 bits) of the TLV is 20.  The length field is 16 bits
   long and has a fixed value of 4.  The value contains an error code
   that indicates the cause of the failure.

   The following LSP Error Codes are currently defined:

               Value      Description
               -----      -------------------------------------
                 1        Unknown reason
                 2        Limit reached for PCE-controlled LSPs
                 3        Too many pending LSP Update Requests
                 4        Unacceptable parameters
                 5        Internal error
                 6        LSP administratively brought down
                 7        LSP preempted
                 8        RSVP signaling error

7.3.4.  RSVP Error Spec TLV

   The RSVP-ERROR-SPEC TLV is an optional TLV for use in the LSP object
   to carry RSVP error information.  It includes the RSVP ERROR_SPEC or
   USER_ERROR_SPEC object ([RFC2205] and [RFC5284]), which were returned
   to the PCC from a downstream node.  If the setup of an LSP fails at a
   downstream node that returned an ERROR_SPEC to the PCC, the PCC
   SHOULD include in the PCRpt for this LSP the LSP-ERROR-CODE TLV with
   LSP Error Code = "RSVP signaling error" and the RSVP-ERROR-SPEC TLV
   with the relevant RSVP ERROR-SPEC or USER_ERROR_SPEC object.











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   The format of the RSVP-ERROR-SPEC TLV is shown in the following
   figure:

      0                   1                   2                   3
      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |           Type=21             |            Length (variable)  |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
     |                                                               |
     +                RSVP ERROR_SPEC or USER_ERROR_SPEC Object      +
     |                                                               |
     +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                   Figure 16: RSVP-ERROR-SPEC TLV Format

   Type (16 bits): the type is 21.

   Length (16 bits): indicates the total length of the TLV in octets.
   The TLV MUST be zero-padded so that the TLV is 4-octet aligned.

   Value (variable): contains the RSVP ERROR_SPEC or USER_ERROR_SPEC
   object, as specified in [RFC2205] and [RFC5284], including the object
   header.

8.  IANA Considerations

   The code points described below have been allocated for the protocol
   elements defined in this document.

8.1.  PCE Capabilities in IGP Advertisements

   The following bits have been registered in the "Path Computation
   Element (PCE) Capability Flags" subregistry of the "Open Shortest
   Path First (OSPF) Parameters" registry:

           Bit   Description                        Reference
           ---   -------------------------------    -------------
            11   Active stateful PCE capability     This document
            12   Passive stateful PCE capability    This document












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8.2.  PCEP Messages

   The following message types have been allocated within the "PCEP
   Messages" subregistry of the "Path Computation Element Protocol
   (PCEP) Numbers" registry:

                    Value  Description    Reference
                    -----  ------------   -------------
                      10   Report         This document
                      11   Update         This document

8.3.  PCEP Objects

   The following object-class values and object types have been
   allocated within the "PCEP Objects" subregistry of the "Path
   Computation Element Protocol (PCEP) Numbers" registry:

          Object-Class Value  Name                  Reference
          ------------------  ----------------      -------------
                  32          LSP                   This document
                              Object-Type
                              0: Reserved
                              1: LSP

                  33          SRP                   This document
                              Object-Type
                              0: Reserved
                              1: SRP























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8.4.  LSP Object

   A new subregistry, named "LSP Object Flag Field", has been created
   within the "Path Computation Element Protocol (PCEP) Numbers"
   registry to manage the Flag field of the LSP object.  New values are
   assigned by Standards Action [RFC8126].  Each bit should be tracked
   with the following qualities:

   o  Bit number (counting from bit 0 as the most significant bit)

   o  Capability description

   o  Defining RFC

   The following values are defined in this document:

                 Bit     Description           Reference
                 ---     --------------------  -------------
                 0-4     Unassigned            This document
                 5-7     Operational (3 bits)  This document
                  8      Administrative        This document
                  9      Remove                This document
                  10     SYNC                  This document
                  11     Delegate              This document



























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8.5.  PCEP-Error Object

   The following error types and error values have been registered
   within the "PCEP-ERROR Object Error Types and Values" subregistry of
   the "Path Computation Element Protocol (PCEP) Numbers" registry:


   Error-Type  Meaning
   ----------  -------------------------------------------------------
      6        Mandatory Object missing

                Error-value
                8:   LSP object missing
                9:   ERO object missing
                10:  SRP object missing
                11:  LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV missing

      19       Invalid Operation

                Error-value
                1:   Attempted LSP Update Request for a non-delegated
                     LSP.  The PCEP-ERROR object is followed by the LSP
                     object that identifies the LSP.
                2:   Attempted LSP Update Request if the stateful PCE
                     capability was not advertised.
                3:   Attempted LSP Update Request for an LSP identified
                     by an unknown PLSP-ID.
                5:   Attempted LSP State Report if stateful PCE
                     capability was not advertised.

      20       LSP State Synchronization Error

                Error-value
                1:   A PCE indicates to a PCC that it cannot process (an
                     otherwise valid) LSP State Report.  The PCEP-ERROR
                     object is followed by the LSP object that
                     identifies the LSP.
                5:   A PCC indicates to a PCE that it cannot complete
                     the State Synchronization.












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8.6.  Notification Object

   The following Notification Types and Notification Values have been
   allocated within the "Notification Object" subregistry of the "Path
   Computation Element Protocol (PCEP) Numbers" registry:


   Notification-Type  Name
   4     Stateful PCE resource limit exceeded

             Notification-value
             1:   Entering resource limit exceeded state
             2:   Deprecated

   Note that the early allocation included an additional Notification
   Value 2 for "Exiting resource limit exceeded state".  This
   Notification Value is no longer required and has been marked as
   "Deprecated".

8.7.  PCEP TLV Type Indicators

   The following TLV Type Indicator values have been registered within
   the "PCEP TLV Type Indicators" subregistry of the "Path Computation
   Element Protocol (PCEP) Numbers" registry:

              Value     Description                 Reference
              -----     -----------------------     -------------
                16      STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY     This document
                17      SYMBOLIC-PATH-NAME          This document
                18      IPV4-LSP-IDENTIFIERS        This document
                19      IPV6-LSP-IDENTIFIERS        This document
                20      LSP-ERROR-CODE              This document
                21      RSVP-ERROR-SPEC             This document


















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8.8.  STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV

   A new subregistry, named "STATEFUL-PCE-CAPABILITY TLV Flag Field",
   has been created within the "Path Computation Element Protocol (PCEP)
   Numbers" registry to manage the Flag field in the STATEFUL-PCE-
   CAPABILITY TLV of the PCEP OPEN object (class = 1).  New values are
   assigned by Standards Action [RFC8126].  Each bit should be tracked
   with the following qualities:

   o  Bit number (counting from bit 0 as the most significant bit)

   o  Capability description

   o  Defining RFC

   The following values are defined in this document:

               Value  Description              Reference
               -----  ---------------------    -------------
                 31   LSP-UPDATE-CAPABILITY    This document

8.9.  LSP-ERROR-CODE TLV

   A new subregistry, named "LSP-ERROR-CODE TLV Error Code Field", has
   been created within the "Path Computation Element Protocol (PCEP)
   Numbers" registry to manage the LSP Error Code field of the LSP-
   ERROR-CODE TLV.  This field specifies the reason for failure to
   update the LSP.

   New values are assigned by Standards Action [RFC8126].  Each value
   should be tracked with the following qualities: value, meaning, and
   defining RFC.  The following values are defined in this document:

               Value      Meaning
                ---       -------------------------------------
                 0        Reserved
                 1        Unknown reason
                 2        Limit reached for PCE-controlled LSPs
                 3        Too many pending LSP Update Requests
                 4        Unacceptable parameters
                 5        Internal error
                 6        LSP administratively brought down
                 7        LSP preempted
                 8        RSVP signaling error







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9.  Manageability Considerations

   All manageability requirements and considerations listed in [RFC5440]
   apply to the PCEP extensions defined in this document.  In addition,
   requirements and considerations listed in this section apply.

9.1.  Control Function and Policy

   In addition to configuring specific PCEP session parameters, as
   specified in [RFC5440], Section 8.1, a PCE or PCC implementation MUST
   allow configuring the stateful PCEP capability and the LSP Update
   capability.  A PCC implementation SHOULD allow the operator to
   specify multiple candidate PCEs for and a delegation preference for
   each candidate PCE.  A PCC SHOULD allow the operator to specify an
   LSP delegation policy where LSPs are delegated to the most-preferred
   online PCE.  A PCC MAY allow the operator to specify different LSP
   delegation policies.

   A PCC implementation that allows concurrent connections to multiple
   PCEs SHOULD allow the operator to group the PCEs by administrative
   domains, and it MUST NOT advertise LSP existence and state to a PCE
   if the LSP is delegated to a PCE in a different group.

   A PCC implementation SHOULD allow the operator to specify whether the
   PCC will advertise LSP existence and state for LSPs that are not
   controlled by any PCE (for example, LSPs that are statically
   configured at the PCC).

   A PCC implementation SHOULD allow the operator to specify both the
   Redelegation Timeout Interval and the State Timeout Interval.  The
   default value of the Redelegation Timeout Interval SHOULD be set to
   30 seconds.  An operator MAY also configure a policy that will
   dynamically adjust the Redelegation Timeout Interval, for example
   setting it to zero when the PCC has an established session to a
   backup PCE.  The default value for the State Timeout Interval SHOULD
   be set to 60 seconds.

   After the expiration of the State Timeout Interval, the LSP reverts
   to operator-defined default parameters.  A PCC implementation MUST
   allow the operator to specify the default LSP parameters.  To achieve
   a behavior where the LSP retains the parameters set by the PCE until
   such time that the PCC makes a change to them, a State Timeout
   Interval of infinity SHOULD be used.  Any changes to LSP parameters
   SHOULD be done in a make-before-break fashion.

   LSP delegation is controlled by operator-defined policies on a PCC.
   LSPs are delegated individually -- different LSPs may be delegated to
   different PCEs.  An LSP is delegated to at most one PCE at any given



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   point in time.  A PCC implementation SHOULD support the delegation
   policy, when all PCC's LSPs are delegated to a single PCE at any
   given time.  Conversely, the policy revoking the delegation for all
   PCC's LSPs SHOULD also be supported.

   A PCC implementation SHOULD allow the operator to specify delegation
   priority for PCEs.  This effectively defines the primary PCE and one
   or more backup PCEs to which a primary PCE's LSPs can be delegated
   when the primary PCE fails.

   Policies defined for stateful PCEs and PCCs should eventually fit in
   the policy-enabled path computation framework defined in [RFC5394],
   and the framework should be extended to support stateful PCEs.

9.2.  Information and Data Models

   The PCEP YANG module [PCEP-YANG] should include:

   o  advertised stateful capabilities and synchronization status per
      PCEP session.

   o  the delegation status of each configured LSP.

   The PCEP MIB [RFC7420] could also be updated to include this
   information.

9.3.  Liveness Detection and Monitoring

   PCEP extensions defined in this document do not require any new
   mechanisms beyond those already defined in [RFC5440], Section 8.3.

9.4.  Verifying Correct Operation

   Mechanisms defined in [RFC5440], Section 8.4 also apply to PCEP
   extensions defined in this document.  In addition to monitoring
   parameters defined in [RFC5440], a stateful PCC-side PCEP
   implementation SHOULD provide the following parameters:

   o  Total number of LSP Updates

   o  Number of successful LSP Updates

   o  Number of dropped LSP Updates

   o  Number of LSP Updates where LSP setup failed

   A PCC implementation SHOULD provide a command to show for each LSP
   whether it is delegated, and if so, to which PCE.



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   A PCC implementation SHOULD allow the operator to manually revoke LSP
   delegation.

9.5.  Requirements on Other Protocols and Functional Components

   PCEP extensions defined in this document do not put new requirements
   on other protocols.

9.6.  Impact on Network Operation

   Mechanisms defined in [RFC5440], Section 8.6 also apply to PCEP
   extensions defined in this document.

   Additionally, a PCEP implementation SHOULD allow a limit to be placed
   on the number of LSPs delegated to the PCE and on the rate of PCUpd
   and PCRpt messages sent by a PCEP speaker and processed from a peer.
   It SHOULD also allow sending a notification when a rate threshold is
   reached.

   A PCC implementation SHOULD allow a limit to be placed on the rate of
   LSP Updates to the same LSP to avoid signaling overload discussed in
   Section 10.3.

10.  Security Considerations

10.1.  Vulnerability

   This document defines extensions to PCEP to enable stateful PCEs.
   The nature of these extensions and the delegation of path control to
   PCEs results in more information being available for a hypothetical
   adversary and a number of additional attack surfaces that must be
   protected.

   The security provisions described in [RFC5440] remain applicable to
   these extensions.  However, because the protocol modifications
   outlined in this document allow the PCE to control path computation
   timing and sequence, the PCE defense mechanisms described in
   [RFC5440], Section 7.2 are also now applicable to PCC security.

   As a general precaution, it is RECOMMENDED that these PCEP extensions
   only be activated on authenticated and encrypted sessions across PCEs
   and PCCs belonging to the same administrative authority, using
   Transport Layer Security (TLS) [PCEPS], as per the recommendations
   and best current practices in [RFC7525].







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   The following sections identify specific security concerns that may
   result from the PCEP extensions outlined in this document along with
   recommended mechanisms to protect PCEP infrastructure against related
   attacks.

10.2.  LSP State Snooping

   The stateful nature of this extension explicitly requires LSP status
   updates to be sent from PCC to PCE.  While this gives the PCE the
   ability to provide more optimal computations to the PCC, it also
   provides an adversary with the opportunity to eavesdrop on decisions
   made by network systems external to PCE.  This is especially true if
   the PCC delegates LSPs to multiple PCEs simultaneously.

   Adversaries may gain access to this information by eavesdropping on
   unsecured PCEP sessions and might then use this information in
   various ways to target or optimize attacks on network infrastructure,
   for example, by flexibly countering anti-DDoS measures being taken to
   protect the network or by determining choke points in the network
   where the greatest harm might be caused.

   PCC implementations that allow concurrent connections to multiple
   PCEs SHOULD allow the operator to group the PCEs by administrative
   domains, and they MUST NOT advertise LSP existence and state to a PCE
   if the LSP is delegated to a PCE in a different group.

10.3.  Malicious PCE

   The LSP delegation mechanism described in this document allows a PCC
   to grant effective control of an LSP to the PCE for the duration of a
   PCEP session.  While this enables PCE control of the timing and
   sequence of path computations within and across PCEP sessions, it
   also introduces a new attack vector: an attacker may flood the PCC
   with PCUpd messages at a rate that exceeds either the PCC's ability
   to process them or the network's ability to signal the changes, by
   either spoofing messages or compromising the PCE itself.

   A PCC is free to revoke an LSP delegation at any time without needing
   any justification.  A defending PCC can do this by enqueueing the
   appropriate PCRpt message.  As soon as that message is enqueued in
   the session, the PCC is free to drop any incoming PCUpd messages
   without additional processing.









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10.4.  Malicious PCC

   A stateful session also results in an increased attack surface by
   placing a requirement for the PCE to keep an LSP state replica for
   each PCC.  It is RECOMMENDED that PCE implementations provide a limit
   on resources a single PCC can occupy.  A PCE implementing such a
   limit MUST send a PCNtf message with notification-type 4 (Stateful
   PCE resource limit exceeded) and notification-value 1 (Entering
   resource limit exceeded state) upon receiving an LSP State Report
   causing it to exceed this threshold.

   Delegation of LSPs can create further strain on PCE resources and a
   PCE implementation MAY preemptively give back delegations if it finds
   itself lacking the resources needed to effectively manage the
   delegation.  Since the delegation state is ultimately controlled by
   the PCC, PCE implementations SHOULD provide throttling mechanisms to
   prevent strain created by flaps of either a PCEP session or an LSP
   delegation.

11.  References

11.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC2205]  Braden, R., Ed., Zhang, L., Berson, S., Herzog, S., and S.
              Jamin, "Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) -- Version 1
              Functional Specification", RFC 2205, DOI 10.17487/RFC2205,
              September 1997, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2205>.

   [RFC3209]  Awduche, D., Berger, L., Gan, D., Li, T., Srinivasan, V.,
              and G. Swallow, "RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP
              Tunnels", RFC 3209, DOI 10.17487/RFC3209, December 2001,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3209>.

   [RFC5088]  Le Roux, JL., Ed., Vasseur, JP., Ed., Ikejiri, Y., and R.
              Zhang, "OSPF Protocol Extensions for Path Computation
              Element (PCE) Discovery", RFC 5088, DOI 10.17487/RFC5088,
              January 2008, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5088>.

   [RFC5089]  Le Roux, JL., Ed., Vasseur, JP., Ed., Ikejiri, Y., and R.
              Zhang, "IS-IS Protocol Extensions for Path Computation
              Element (PCE) Discovery", RFC 5089, DOI 10.17487/RFC5089,
              January 2008, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5089>.




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   [RFC5284]  Swallow, G. and A. Farrel, "User-Defined Errors for RSVP",
              RFC 5284, DOI 10.17487/RFC5284, August 2008,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5284>.

   [RFC5440]  Vasseur, JP., Ed. and JL. Le Roux, Ed., "Path Computation
              Element (PCE) Communication Protocol (PCEP)", RFC 5440,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5440, March 2009,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5440>.

   [RFC5511]  Farrel, A., "Routing Backus-Naur Form (RBNF): A Syntax
              Used to Form Encoding Rules in Various Routing Protocol
              Specifications", RFC 5511, DOI 10.17487/RFC5511, April
              2009, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5511>.

   [RFC8051]  Zhang, X., Ed. and I. Minei, Ed., "Applicability of a
              Stateful Path Computation Element (PCE)", RFC 8051,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8051, January 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8051>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.

11.2.  Informative References

   [MPLS-PC]  Chaieb, I., Le Roux, JL., and B. Cousin, "Improved MPLS-TE
              LSP Path Computation using Preemption", Global
              Information Infrastructure Symposium,
              DOI 10.1109/GIIS.2007.4404195, July 2007.

   [MXMN-TE]  Danna, E., Mandal, S., and A. Singh, "A practical
              algorithm for balancing the max-min fairness and
              throughput objectives in traffic engineering", INFOCOM,
              2012 Proceedings IEEE, pp. 846-854,
              DOI 10.1109/INFCOM.2012.6195833, March 2012.

   [PCE-Init-LSP]
              Crabbe, E., Minei, I., Sivabalan, S., and R. Varga, "PCEP
              Extensions for PCE-initiated LSP Setup in a Stateful PCE
              Model", Work in Progress,
              draft-ietf-pce-pce-initiated-lsp-10, June 2017.

   [PCEP-GMPLS]
              Margaria, C., de Dios, O., and F. Zhang, "PCEP extensions
              for GMPLS", Work in Progress,
              draft-ietf-pce-gmpls-pcep-extensions-11, October 2015.





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   [PCEP-YANG]
              Dhody, D., Hardwick, J., Beeram, V., and j.
              jefftant@gmail.com, "A YANG Data Model for Path
              Computation Element Communications Protocol (PCEP)", Work
              in Progress, draft-ietf-pce-pcep-yang-05, June 2017.

   [PCEPS]    Lopez, D., de Dios, O., Wu, Q., and D. Dhody, "Secure
              Transport for PCEP", Work in Progress,
              draft-ietf-pce-pceps-18, September 2017.

   [RFC2702]  Awduche, D., Malcolm, J., Agogbua, J., O'Dell, M., and J.
              McManus, "Requirements for Traffic Engineering Over MPLS",
              RFC 2702, DOI 10.17487/RFC2702, September 1999,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2702>.

   [RFC3031]  Rosen, E., Viswanathan, A., and R. Callon, "Multiprotocol
              Label Switching Architecture", RFC 3031,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC3031, January 2001,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3031>.

   [RFC3346]  Boyle, J., Gill, V., Hannan, A., Cooper, D., Awduche, D.,
              Christian, B., and W. Lai, "Applicability Statement for
              Traffic Engineering with MPLS", RFC 3346,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC3346, August 2002,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3346>.

   [RFC3630]  Katz, D., Kompella, K., and D. Yeung, "Traffic Engineering
              (TE) Extensions to OSPF Version 2", RFC 3630,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC3630, September 2003,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3630>.

   [RFC4655]  Farrel, A., Vasseur, J., and J. Ash, "A Path Computation
              Element (PCE)-Based Architecture", RFC 4655,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC4655, August 2006,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4655>.

   [RFC4657]  Ash, J., Ed. and J. Le Roux, Ed., "Path Computation
              Element (PCE) Communication Protocol Generic
              Requirements", RFC 4657, DOI 10.17487/RFC4657, September
              2006, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4657>.

   [RFC5305]  Li, T. and H. Smit, "IS-IS Extensions for Traffic
              Engineering", RFC 5305, DOI 10.17487/RFC5305, October
              2008, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5305>.







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   [RFC5394]  Bryskin, I., Papadimitriou, D., Berger, L., and J. Ash,
              "Policy-Enabled Path Computation Framework", RFC 5394,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5394, December 2008,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5394>.

   [RFC7420]  Koushik, A., Stephan, E., Zhao, Q., King, D., and J.
              Hardwick, "Path Computation Element Communication Protocol
              (PCEP) Management Information Base (MIB) Module",
              RFC 7420, DOI 10.17487/RFC7420, December 2014,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7420>.

   [RFC7525]  Sheffer, Y., Holz, R., and P. Saint-Andre,
              "Recommendations for Secure Use of Transport Layer
              Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security
              (DTLS)", BCP 195, RFC 7525, DOI 10.17487/RFC7525, May
              2015, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7525>.

   [RFC8126]  Cotton, M., Leiba, B., and T. Narten, "Guidelines for
              Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26,
              RFC 8126, DOI 10.17487/RFC8126, June 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8126>.

   [RFC8232]  Crabbe, E., Minei, I., Medved, J., Varga, R., Zhang, X.,
              and D. Dhody, "Optimizations of Label Switched Path State
              Synchronization Procedures for a Stateful PCE", RFC 8232,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8232, September 2017,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8232>.

Acknowledgements

   We would like to thank Adrian Farrel, Cyril Margaria, and Ramon
   Casellas for their contributions to this document.

   We would like to thank Shane Amante, Julien Meuric, Kohei Shiomoto,
   Paul Schultz, and Raveendra Torvi for their comments and suggestions.
   Thanks also to Jon Hardwick, Oscar Gonzales de Dios, Tomas Janciga,
   Stefan Kobza, Kexin Tang, Matej Spanik, Jon Parker, Marek Zavodsky,
   Ambrose Kwong, Ashwin Sampath, Calvin Ying, Mustapha Aissaoui,
   Stephane Litkowski, and Olivier Dugeon for helpful comments and
   discussions.











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Contributors

   The following people contributed substantially to the content of this
   document and should be considered coauthors:

   Xian Zhang
   Huawei Technology
   F3-5-B R&D Center
   Huawei Industrial Base, Bantian, Longgang District
   Shenzhen, Guangdong 518129
   China
   Email: zhang.xian@huawei.com

   Dhruv Dhody
   Huawei Technology
   Leela Palace
   Bangalore, Karnataka 560008
   INDIA
   Email: dhruv.dhody@huawei.com

   Siva Sivabalan
   Cisco Systems, Inc.
   2000 Innovation Drive
   Kanata, Ontario K2K 3E8
   Canada
   Email: msiva@cisco.com

























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Authors' Addresses

   Edward Crabbe
   Oracle
   1501 4th Ave, suite 1800
   Seattle, WA  98101
   United States of America

   Email: edward.crabbe@oracle.com


   Ina Minei
   Google, Inc.
   1600 Amphitheatre Parkway
   Mountain View, CA  94043
   United States of America

   Email: inaminei@google.com


   Jan Medved
   Cisco Systems, Inc.
   170 West Tasman Dr.
   San Jose, CA  95134
   United States of America

   Email: jmedved@cisco.com


   Robert Varga
   Pantheon Technologies SRO
   Mlynske Nivy 56
   Bratislava  821 05
   Slovakia

   Email: robert.varga@pantheon.tech















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