path: root/doc/rfc/rfc8414.txt

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)                          M. Jones
Request for Comments: 8414                                     Microsoft
Category: Standards Track                                    N. Sakimura
ISSN: 2070-1721                                                      NRI
                                                              J. Bradley
                                                                  Yubico
                                                               June 2018


                OAuth 2.0 Authorization Server Metadata

Abstract

   This specification defines a metadata format that an OAuth 2.0 client
   can use to obtain the information needed to interact with an
   OAuth 2.0 authorization server, including its endpoint locations and
   authorization server capabilities.

Status of This Memo

   This is an Internet Standards Track document.

   This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
   (IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF community.  It has
   received public review and has been approved for publication by the
   Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Further information on
   Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 7841.

   Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
   and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
   https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8414.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2018 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.





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Table of Contents

   1. Introduction ....................................................2
      1.1. Requirements Notation and Conventions ......................3
      1.2. Terminology ................................................3
   2. Authorization Server Metadata ...................................4
      2.1. Signed Authorization Server Metadata .......................8
   3. Obtaining Authorization Server Metadata .........................8
      3.1. Authorization Server Metadata Request ......................9
      3.2. Authorization Server Metadata Response ....................10
      3.3. Authorization Server Metadata Validation ..................11
   4. String Operations ..............................................11
   5. Compatibility Notes ............................................11
   6. Security Considerations ........................................12
      6.1. TLS Requirements ..........................................12
      6.2. Impersonation Attacks .....................................12
      6.3. Publishing Metadata in a Standard Format ..................13
      6.4. Protected Resources .......................................13
   7. IANA Considerations ............................................14
      7.1. OAuth Authorization Server Metadata Registry ..............14
           7.1.1. Registration Template ..............................15
           7.1.2. Initial Registry Contents ..........................16
      7.2. Updated Registration Instructions .........................19
      7.3. Well-Known URI Registry ...................................19
           7.3.1. Registry Contents ..................................19
   8. References .....................................................20
      8.1. Normative References ......................................20
      8.2. Informative References ....................................22
   Acknowledgements ..................................................23
   Authors' Addresses ................................................23

1.  Introduction

   This specification generalizes the metadata format defined by "OpenID
   Connect Discovery 1.0" [OpenID.Discovery] in a way that is compatible
   with OpenID Connect Discovery while being applicable to a wider set
   of OAuth 2.0 use cases.  This is intentionally parallel to the way
   that "OAuth 2.0 Dynamic Client Registration Protocol" [RFC7591]
   generalized the dynamic client registration mechanisms defined by
   "OpenID Connect Dynamic Client Registration 1.0"
   [OpenID.Registration] in a way that is compatible with it.

   The metadata for an authorization server is retrieved from a well-
   known location as a JSON [RFC8259] document, which declares its
   endpoint locations and authorization server capabilities.  This
   process is described in Section 3.





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   This metadata can be communicated either in a self-asserted fashion
   by the server origin via HTTPS or as a set of signed metadata values
   represented as claims in a JSON Web Token (JWT) [JWT].  In the JWT
   case, the issuer is vouching for the validity of the data about the
   authorization server.  This is analogous to the role that the
   Software Statement plays in OAuth Dynamic Client Registration
   [RFC7591].

   The means by which the client chooses an authorization server is out
   of scope.  In some cases, its issuer identifier may be manually
   configured into the client.  In other cases, it may be dynamically
   discovered, for instance, through the use of WebFinger [RFC7033], as
   described in Section 2 of "OpenID Connect Discovery 1.0"
   [OpenID.Discovery].

1.1.  Requirements Notation and Conventions

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
   BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
   capitals, as shown here.

   All uses of JSON Web Signature (JWS) [JWS] and JSON Web Encryption
   (JWE) [JWE] data structures in this specification utilize the JWS
   Compact Serialization or the JWE Compact Serialization; the JWS JSON
   Serialization and the JWE JSON Serialization are not used.

1.2.  Terminology

   This specification uses the terms "Access Token", "Authorization
   Code", "Authorization Endpoint", "Authorization Grant",
   "Authorization Server", "Client", "Client Authentication", "Client
   Identifier", "Client Secret", "Grant Type", "Protected Resource",
   "Redirection URI", "Refresh Token", "Resource Owner", "Resource
   Server", "Response Type", and "Token Endpoint" defined by OAuth 2.0
   [RFC6749]; the terms "Claim Name", "Claim Value", and "JSON Web Token
   (JWT)" defined by JSON Web Token (JWT) [JWT]; and the term "Response
   Mode" defined by "OAuth 2.0 Multiple Response Type Encoding
   Practices" [OAuth.Responses].











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2.  Authorization Server Metadata

   Authorization servers can have metadata describing their
   configuration.  The following authorization server metadata values
   are used by this specification and are registered in the IANA "OAuth
   Authorization Server Metadata" registry established in Section 7.1:

   issuer
      REQUIRED.  The authorization server's issuer identifier, which is
      a URL that uses the "https" scheme and has no query or fragment
      components.  Authorization server metadata is published at a
      location that is ".well-known" according to RFC 5785 [RFC5785]
      derived from this issuer identifier, as described in Section 3.
      The issuer identifier is used to prevent authorization server mix-
      up attacks, as described in "OAuth 2.0 Mix-Up Mitigation"
      [MIX-UP].

   authorization_endpoint
      URL of the authorization server's authorization endpoint
      [RFC6749].  This is REQUIRED unless no grant types are supported
      that use the authorization endpoint.

   token_endpoint
      URL of the authorization server's token endpoint [RFC6749].  This
      is REQUIRED unless only the implicit grant type is supported.

   jwks_uri
      OPTIONAL.  URL of the authorization server's JWK Set [JWK]
      document.  The referenced document contains the signing key(s) the
      client uses to validate signatures from the authorization server.
      This URL MUST use the "https" scheme.  The JWK Set MAY also
      contain the server's encryption key or keys, which are used by
      clients to encrypt requests to the server.  When both signing and
      encryption keys are made available, a "use" (public key use)
      parameter value is REQUIRED for all keys in the referenced JWK Set
      to indicate each key's intended usage.

   registration_endpoint
      OPTIONAL.  URL of the authorization server's OAuth 2.0 Dynamic
      Client Registration endpoint [RFC7591].

   scopes_supported
      RECOMMENDED.  JSON array containing a list of the OAuth 2.0
      [RFC6749] "scope" values that this authorization server supports.
      Servers MAY choose not to advertise some supported scope values
      even when this parameter is used.





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   response_types_supported
      REQUIRED.  JSON array containing a list of the OAuth 2.0
      "response_type" values that this authorization server supports.
      The array values used are the same as those used with the
      "response_types" parameter defined by "OAuth 2.0 Dynamic Client
      Registration Protocol" [RFC7591].

   response_modes_supported
      OPTIONAL.  JSON array containing a list of the OAuth 2.0
      "response_mode" values that this authorization server supports, as
      specified in "OAuth 2.0 Multiple Response Type Encoding Practices"
      [OAuth.Responses].  If omitted, the default is "["query",
      "fragment"]".  The response mode value "form_post" is also defined
      in "OAuth 2.0 Form Post Response Mode" [OAuth.Post].

   grant_types_supported
      OPTIONAL.  JSON array containing a list of the OAuth 2.0 grant
      type values that this authorization server supports.  The array
      values used are the same as those used with the "grant_types"
      parameter defined by "OAuth 2.0 Dynamic Client Registration
      Protocol" [RFC7591].  If omitted, the default value is
      "["authorization_code", "implicit"]".

   token_endpoint_auth_methods_supported
      OPTIONAL.  JSON array containing a list of client authentication
      methods supported by this token endpoint.  Client authentication
      method values are used in the "token_endpoint_auth_method"
      parameter defined in Section 2 of [RFC7591].  If omitted, the
      default is "client_secret_basic" -- the HTTP Basic Authentication
      Scheme specified in Section 2.3.1 of OAuth 2.0 [RFC6749].

   token_endpoint_auth_signing_alg_values_supported
      OPTIONAL.  JSON array containing a list of the JWS signing
      algorithms ("alg" values) supported by the token endpoint for the
      signature on the JWT [JWT] used to authenticate the client at the
      token endpoint for the "private_key_jwt" and "client_secret_jwt"
      authentication methods.  This metadata entry MUST be present if
      either of these authentication methods are specified in the
      "token_endpoint_auth_methods_supported" entry.  No default
      algorithms are implied if this entry is omitted.  Servers SHOULD
      support "RS256".  The value "none" MUST NOT be used.

   service_documentation
      OPTIONAL.  URL of a page containing human-readable information
      that developers might want or need to know when using the
      authorization server.  In particular, if the authorization server





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      does not support Dynamic Client Registration, then information on
      how to register clients needs to be provided in this
      documentation.

   ui_locales_supported
      OPTIONAL.  Languages and scripts supported for the user interface,
      represented as a JSON array of language tag values from BCP 47
      [RFC5646].  If omitted, the set of supported languages and scripts
      is unspecified.

   op_policy_uri
      OPTIONAL.  URL that the authorization server provides to the
      person registering the client to read about the authorization
      server's requirements on how the client can use the data provided
      by the authorization server.  The registration process SHOULD
      display this URL to the person registering the client if it is
      given.  As described in Section 5, despite the identifier
      "op_policy_uri" appearing to be OpenID-specific, its usage in this
      specification is actually referring to a general OAuth 2.0 feature
      that is not specific to OpenID Connect.

   op_tos_uri
      OPTIONAL.  URL that the authorization server provides to the
      person registering the client to read about the authorization
      server's terms of service.  The registration process SHOULD
      display this URL to the person registering the client if it is
      given.  As described in Section 5, despite the identifier
      "op_tos_uri", appearing to be OpenID-specific, its usage in this
      specification is actually referring to a general OAuth 2.0 feature
      that is not specific to OpenID Connect.

   revocation_endpoint
      OPTIONAL.  URL of the authorization server's OAuth 2.0 revocation
      endpoint [RFC7009].

   revocation_endpoint_auth_methods_supported
      OPTIONAL.  JSON array containing a list of client authentication
      methods supported by this revocation endpoint.  The valid client
      authentication method values are those registered in the IANA
      "OAuth Token Endpoint Authentication Methods" registry
      [IANA.OAuth.Parameters].  If omitted, the default is
      "client_secret_basic" -- the HTTP Basic Authentication Scheme
      specified in Section 2.3.1 of OAuth 2.0 [RFC6749].

   revocation_endpoint_auth_signing_alg_values_supported
      OPTIONAL.  JSON array containing a list of the JWS signing
      algorithms ("alg" values) supported by the revocation endpoint for
      the signature on the JWT [JWT] used to authenticate the client at



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      the revocation endpoint for the "private_key_jwt" and
      "client_secret_jwt" authentication methods.  This metadata entry
      MUST be present if either of these authentication methods are
      specified in the "revocation_endpoint_auth_methods_supported"
      entry.  No default algorithms are implied if this entry is
      omitted.  The value "none" MUST NOT be used.

   introspection_endpoint
      OPTIONAL.  URL of the authorization server's OAuth 2.0
      introspection endpoint [RFC7662].

   introspection_endpoint_auth_methods_supported
      OPTIONAL.  JSON array containing a list of client authentication
      methods supported by this introspection endpoint.  The valid
      client authentication method values are those registered in the
      IANA "OAuth Token Endpoint Authentication Methods" registry
      [IANA.OAuth.Parameters] or those registered in the IANA "OAuth
      Access Token Types" registry [IANA.OAuth.Parameters].  (These
      values are and will remain distinct, due to Section 7.2.)  If
      omitted, the set of supported authentication methods MUST be
      determined by other means.

   introspection_endpoint_auth_signing_alg_values_supported
      OPTIONAL.  JSON array containing a list of the JWS signing
      algorithms ("alg" values) supported by the introspection endpoint
      for the signature on the JWT [JWT] used to authenticate the client
      at the introspection endpoint for the "private_key_jwt" and
      "client_secret_jwt" authentication methods.  This metadata entry
      MUST be present if either of these authentication methods are
      specified in the "introspection_endpoint_auth_methods_supported"
      entry.  No default algorithms are implied if this entry is
      omitted.  The value "none" MUST NOT be used.

   code_challenge_methods_supported
      OPTIONAL.  JSON array containing a list of Proof Key for Code
      Exchange (PKCE) [RFC7636] code challenge methods supported by this
      authorization server.  Code challenge method values are used in
      the "code_challenge_method" parameter defined in Section 4.3 of
      [RFC7636].  The valid code challenge method values are those
      registered in the IANA "PKCE Code Challenge Methods" registry
      [IANA.OAuth.Parameters].  If omitted, the authorization server
      does not support PKCE.

   Additional authorization server metadata parameters MAY also be used.
   Some are defined by other specifications, such as OpenID Connect
   Discovery 1.0 [OpenID.Discovery].





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2.1.  Signed Authorization Server Metadata

   In addition to JSON elements, metadata values MAY also be provided as
   a "signed_metadata" value, which is a JSON Web Token (JWT) [JWT] that
   asserts metadata values about the authorization server as a bundle.
   A set of claims that can be used in signed metadata is defined in
   Section 2.  The signed metadata MUST be digitally signed or MACed
   using JSON Web Signature (JWS) [JWS] and MUST contain an "iss"
   (issuer) claim denoting the party attesting to the claims in the
   signed metadata.  Consumers of the metadata MAY ignore the signed
   metadata if they do not support this feature.  If the consumer of the
   metadata supports signed metadata, metadata values conveyed in the
   signed metadata MUST take precedence over the corresponding values
   conveyed using plain JSON elements.

   Signed metadata is included in the authorization server metadata JSON
   object using this OPTIONAL member:

   signed_metadata
      A JWT containing metadata values about the authorization server as
      claims.  This is a string value consisting of the entire signed
      JWT.  A "signed_metadata" metadata value SHOULD NOT appear as a
      claim in the JWT.

3.  Obtaining Authorization Server Metadata

   Authorization servers supporting metadata MUST make a JSON document
   containing metadata as specified in Section 2 available at a path
   formed by inserting a well-known URI string into the authorization
   server's issuer identifier between the host component and the path
   component, if any.  By default, the well-known URI string used is
   "/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server".  This path MUST use the
   "https" scheme.  The syntax and semantics of ".well-known" are
   defined in RFC 5785 [RFC5785].  The well-known URI suffix used MUST
   be registered in the IANA "Well-Known URIs" registry
   [IANA.well-known].

   Different applications utilizing OAuth authorization servers in
   application-specific ways may define and register different well-
   known URI suffixes used to publish authorization server metadata as
   used by those applications.  For instance, if the example application
   uses an OAuth authorization server in an example-specific way, and
   there are example-specific metadata values that it needs to publish,
   then it might register and use the "example-configuration" URI suffix
   and publish the metadata document at the path formed by inserting
   "/.well-known/example-configuration" between the host and path
   components of the authorization server's issuer identifier.
   Alternatively, many such applications will use the default well-known



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   URI string "/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server", which is the
   right choice for general-purpose OAuth authorization servers, and not
   register an application-specific one.

   An OAuth 2.0 application using this specification MUST specify what
   well-known URI suffix it will use for this purpose.  The same
   authorization server MAY choose to publish its metadata at multiple
   well-known locations derived from its issuer identifier, for example,
   publishing metadata at both "/.well-known/example-configuration" and
   "/.well-known/oauth-authorization-server".

   Some OAuth applications will choose to use the well-known URI suffix
   "openid-configuration".  As described in Section 5, despite the
   identifier "/.well-known/openid-configuration", appearing to be
   OpenID specific, its usage in this specification is actually
   referring to a general OAuth 2.0 feature that is not specific to
   OpenID Connect.

3.1.  Authorization Server Metadata Request

   An authorization server metadata document MUST be queried using an
   HTTP "GET" request at the previously specified path.

   The client would make the following request when the issuer
   identifier is "https://example.com" and the well-known URI suffix is
   "oauth-authorization-server" to obtain the metadata, since the issuer
   identifier contains no path component:

     GET /.well-known/oauth-authorization-server HTTP/1.1
     Host: example.com

   If the issuer identifier value contains a path component, any
   terminating "/" MUST be removed before inserting "/.well-known/" and
   the well-known URI suffix between the host component and the path
   component.  The client would make the following request when the
   issuer identifier is "https://example.com/issuer1" and the well-known
   URI suffix is "oauth-authorization-server" to obtain the metadata,
   since the issuer identifier contains a path component:

     GET /.well-known/oauth-authorization-server/issuer1 HTTP/1.1
     Host: example.com

   Using path components enables supporting multiple issuers per host.
   This is required in some multi-tenant hosting configurations.  This
   use of ".well-known" is for supporting multiple issuers per host;
   unlike its use in RFC 5785 [RFC5785], it does not provide general
   information about the host.




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3.2.  Authorization Server Metadata Response

   The response is a set of claims about the authorization server's
   configuration, including all necessary endpoints and public key
   location information.  A successful response MUST use the 200 OK HTTP
   status code and return a JSON object using the "application/json"
   content type that contains a set of claims as its members that are a
   subset of the metadata values defined in Section 2.  Other claims MAY
   also be returned.

   Claims that return multiple values are represented as JSON arrays.
   Claims with zero elements MUST be omitted from the response.

   An error response uses the applicable HTTP status code value.

   The following is a non-normative example response:

     HTTP/1.1 200 OK
     Content-Type: application/json

     {
      "issuer":
        "https://server.example.com",
      "authorization_endpoint":
        "https://server.example.com/authorize",
      "token_endpoint":
        "https://server.example.com/token",
      "token_endpoint_auth_methods_supported":
        ["client_secret_basic", "private_key_jwt"],
      "token_endpoint_auth_signing_alg_values_supported":
        ["RS256", "ES256"],
      "userinfo_endpoint":
        "https://server.example.com/userinfo",
      "jwks_uri":
        "https://server.example.com/jwks.json",
      "registration_endpoint":
        "https://server.example.com/register",
      "scopes_supported":
        ["openid", "profile", "email", "address",
         "phone", "offline_access"],
      "response_types_supported":
        ["code", "code token"],
      "service_documentation":
        "http://server.example.com/service_documentation.html",
      "ui_locales_supported":
        ["en-US", "en-GB", "en-CA", "fr-FR", "fr-CA"]
     }




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3.3.  Authorization Server Metadata Validation

   The "issuer" value returned MUST be identical to the authorization
   server's issuer identifier value into which the well-known URI string
   was inserted to create the URL used to retrieve the metadata.  If
   these values are not identical, the data contained in the response
   MUST NOT be used.

4.  String Operations

   Processing some OAuth 2.0 messages requires comparing values in the
   messages to known values.  For example, the member names in the
   metadata response might be compared to specific member names such as
   "issuer".  Comparing Unicode [UNICODE] strings, however, has
   significant security implications.

   Therefore, comparisons between JSON strings and other Unicode strings
   MUST be performed as specified below:

   1.  Remove any JSON-applied escaping to produce an array of Unicode
       code points.

   2.  Unicode Normalization [USA15] MUST NOT be applied at any point to
       either the JSON string or the string it is to be compared
       against.

   3.  Comparisons between the two strings MUST be performed as a
       Unicode code-point-to-code-point equality comparison.

   Note that this is the same equality comparison procedure described in
   Section 8.3 of [RFC8259].

5.  Compatibility Notes

   The identifiers "/.well-known/openid-configuration", "op_policy_uri",
   and "op_tos_uri" contain strings referring to the OpenID Connect
   [OpenID.Core] family of specifications that were originally defined
   by "OpenID Connect Discovery 1.0" [OpenID.Discovery].  Despite the
   reuse of these identifiers that appear to be OpenID specific, their
   usage in this specification is actually referring to general OAuth
   2.0 features that are not specific to OpenID Connect.

   The algorithm for transforming the issuer identifier to an
   authorization server metadata location defined in Section 3 is
   equivalent to the corresponding transformation defined in Section 4
   of "OpenID Connect Discovery 1.0" [OpenID.Discovery], provided that
   the issuer identifier contains no path component.  However, they are
   different when there is a path component, because OpenID Connect



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   Discovery 1.0 specifies that the well-known URI string is appended to
   the issuer identifier (e.g.,
   "https://example.com/issuer1/.well-known/openid-configuration"),
   whereas this specification specifies that the well-known URI string
   is inserted before the path component of the issuer identifier (e.g.,
   "https://example.com/.well-known/openid-configuration/issuer1").

   Going forward, OAuth authorization server metadata locations should
   use the transformation defined in this specification.  However, when
   deployed in legacy environments in which the OpenID Connect Discovery
   1.0 transformation is already used, it may be necessary during a
   transition period to publish metadata for issuer identifiers
   containing a path component at both locations.  During this
   transition period, applications should first apply the transformation
   defined in this specification and attempt to retrieve the
   authorization server metadata from the resulting location; only if
   the retrieval from that location fails should they fall back to
   attempting to retrieve it from the alternate location obtained using
   the transformation defined by OpenID Connect Discovery 1.0.  This
   backwards-compatible behavior should only be necessary when the well-
   known URI suffix employed by the application is "openid-
   configuration".

6.  Security Considerations

6.1.  TLS Requirements

   Implementations MUST support TLS.  Which version(s) ought to be
   implemented will vary over time and depend on the widespread
   deployment and known security vulnerabilities at the time of
   implementation.  The authorization server MUST support TLS version
   1.2 [RFC5246] and MAY support additional TLS mechanisms meeting its
   security requirements.  When using TLS, the client MUST perform a
   TLS/SSL server certificate check, per RFC 6125 [RFC6125].
   Implementation security considerations can be found in
   "Recommendations for Secure Use of Transport Layer Security (TLS) and
   Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)" [BCP195].

   To protect against information disclosure and tampering,
   confidentiality protection MUST be applied using TLS with a
   ciphersuite that provides confidentiality and integrity protection.

6.2.  Impersonation Attacks

   TLS certificate checking MUST be performed by the client, as
   described in Section 6.1, when making an authorization server
   metadata request.  Checking that the server certificate is valid for
   the issuer identifier URL prevents man-in-middle and DNS-based



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   attacks.  These attacks could cause a client to be tricked into using
   an attacker's keys and endpoints, which would enable impersonation of
   the legitimate authorization server.  If an attacker can accomplish
   this, they can access the resources that the affected client has
   access to using the authorization server that they are impersonating.

   An attacker may also attempt to impersonate an authorization server
   by publishing a metadata document that contains an "issuer" claim
   using the issuer identifier URL of the authorization server being
   impersonated, but with its own endpoints and signing keys.  This
   would enable it to impersonate that authorization server, if accepted
   by the client.  To prevent this, the client MUST ensure that the
   issuer identifier URL it is using as the prefix for the metadata
   request exactly matches the value of the "issuer" metadata value in
   the authorization server metadata document received by the client.

6.3.  Publishing Metadata in a Standard Format

   Publishing information about the authorization server in a standard
   format makes it easier for both legitimate clients and attackers to
   use the authorization server.  Whether an authorization server
   publishes its metadata in an ad hoc manner or in the standard format
   defined by this specification, the same defenses against attacks that
   might be mounted that use this information should be applied.

6.4.  Protected Resources

   Secure determination of appropriate protected resources to use with
   an authorization server for all use cases is out of scope of this
   specification.  This specification assumes that the client has a
   means of determining appropriate protected resources to use with an
   authorization server and that the client is using the correct
   metadata for each authorization server.  Implementers need to be
   aware that if an inappropriate protected resource is used by the
   client, that an attacker may be able to act as a man-in-the-middle
   proxy to a valid protected resource without it being detected by the
   authorization server or the client.

   The ways to determine the appropriate protected resources to use with
   an authorization server are, in general, application dependent.  For
   instance, some authorization servers are used with a fixed protected
   resource or set of protected resources, the locations of which may be
   well known or could be published as metadata values by the
   authorization server.  In other cases, the set of resources that can
   be used with an authorization server can be dynamically changed by
   administrative actions.  Many other means of determining appropriate
   associations between authorization servers and protected resources
   are also possible.



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7.  IANA Considerations

   The following registration procedure is used for the registry
   established by this specification.

   Values are registered on a Specification Required [RFC8126] basis
   after a two-week review period on the oauth-ext-review@ietf.org
   mailing list, on the advice of one or more Designated Experts.
   However, to allow for the allocation of values prior to publication,
   the Designated Experts may approve registration once they are
   satisfied that such a specification will be published.

   Registration requests sent to the mailing list for review should use
   an appropriate subject (e.g., "Request to register OAuth
   Authorization Server Metadata: example").

   Within the review period, the Designated Experts will either approve
   or deny the registration request, communicating this decision to the
   review list and IANA.  Denials should include an explanation and, if
   applicable, suggestions as to how to make the request successful.
   Registration requests that are undetermined for a period longer than
   21 days can be brought to the IESG's attention (using the
   iesg@ietf.org mailing list) for resolution.

   Criteria that should be applied by the Designated Experts include
   determining whether the proposed registration duplicates existing
   functionality, determining whether it is likely to be of general
   applicability or whether it is useful only for a single application,
   and whether the registration makes sense.

   IANA must only accept registry updates from the Designated Experts
   and should direct all requests for registration to the review mailing
   list.

   It is suggested that multiple Designated Experts be appointed who are
   able to represent the perspectives of different applications using
   this specification, in order to enable broadly-informed review of
   registration decisions.  In cases where a registration decision could
   be perceived as creating a conflict of interest for a particular
   Designated Expert, that Designated Expert should defer to the
   judgment of the other Designated Experts.

7.1.  OAuth Authorization Server Metadata Registry

   This specification establishes the IANA "OAuth Authorization Server
   Metadata" registry for OAuth 2.0 authorization server metadata names.
   The registry records the authorization server metadata member and a
   reference to the specification that defines it.



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   The Designated Experts must either:

   (a) require that metadata names and values being registered use only
   printable ASCII characters excluding double quote ('"') and backslash
   ('\') (the Unicode characters with code points U+0021, U+0023 through
   U+005B, and U+005D through U+007E), or

   (b) if new metadata members or values are defined that use other code
   points, require that their definitions specify the exact sequences of
   Unicode code points used to represent them.  Furthermore, proposed
   registrations that use Unicode code points that can only be
   represented in JSON strings as escaped characters must not be
   accepted.

7.1.1.  Registration Template

   Metadata Name:
      The name requested (e.g., "issuer").  This name is case-sensitive.
      Names may not match other registered names in a case-insensitive
      manner (one that would cause a match if the Unicode toLowerCase()
      operation were applied to both strings) unless the Designated
      Experts state that there is a compelling reason to allow an
      exception.

   Metadata Description:
      Brief description of the metadata (e.g., "Issuer identifier URL").

   Change Controller:
      For Standards Track RFCs, list the "IESG".  For others, give the
      name of the responsible party.  Other details (e.g., postal
      address, email address, home page URI) may also be included.

   Specification Document(s):
      Reference to the document or documents that specify the parameter,
      preferably including URIs that can be used to retrieve copies of
      the documents.  An indication of the relevant sections may also be
      included but is not required.














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7.1.2.  Initial Registry Contents

   o  Metadata Name: issuer
   o  Metadata Description: Authorization server's issuer identifier URL
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: authorization_endpoint
   o  Metadata Description: URL of the authorization server's
      authorization endpoint
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: token_endpoint
   o  Metadata Description: URL of the authorization server's token
      endpoint
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: jwks_uri
   o  Metadata Description: URL of the authorization server's JWK Set
      document
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: registration_endpoint
   o  Metadata Description: URL of the authorization server's OAuth 2.0
      Dynamic Client Registration Endpoint
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: scopes_supported
   o  Metadata Description: JSON array containing a list of the OAuth
      2.0 "scope" values that this authorization server supports
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: response_types_supported
   o  Metadata Description: JSON array containing a list of the OAuth
      2.0 "response_type" values that this authorization server supports
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: response_modes_supported
   o  Metadata Description: JSON array containing a list of the OAuth
      2.0 "response_mode" values that this authorization server supports
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414



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   o  Metadata Name: grant_types_supported
   o  Metadata Description: JSON array containing a list of the OAuth
      2.0 grant type values that this authorization server supports
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: token_endpoint_auth_methods_supported
   o  Metadata Description: JSON array containing a list of client
      authentication methods supported by this token endpoint
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: token_endpoint_auth_signing_alg_values_supported
   o  Metadata Description: JSON array containing a list of the JWS
      signing algorithms supported by the token endpoint for the
      signature on the JWT used to authenticate the client at the token
      endpoint
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: service_documentation
   o  Metadata Description: URL of a page containing human-readable
      information that developers might want or need to know when using
      the authorization server
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: ui_locales_supported
   o  Metadata Description: Languages and scripts supported for the user
      interface, represented as a JSON array of language tag values from
      BCP 47
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: op_policy_uri
   o  Metadata Description: URL that the authorization server provides
      to the person registering the client to read about the
      authorization server's requirements on how the client can use the
      data provided by the authorization server
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: op_tos_uri
   o  Metadata Description: URL that the authorization server provides
      to the person registering the client to read about the
      authorization server's terms of service
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414



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   o  Metadata Name: revocation_endpoint
   o  Metadata Description: URL of the authorization server's OAuth 2.0
      revocation endpoint
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: revocation_endpoint_auth_methods_supported
   o  Metadata Description: JSON array containing a list of client
      authentication methods supported by this revocation endpoint
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name:
      revocation_endpoint_auth_signing_alg_values_supported
   o  Metadata Description: JSON array containing a list of the JWS
      signing algorithms supported by the revocation endpoint for the
      signature on the JWT used to authenticate the client at the
      revocation endpoint
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: introspection_endpoint
   o  Metadata Description: URL of the authorization server's OAuth 2.0
      introspection endpoint
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: introspection_endpoint_auth_methods_supported
   o  Metadata Description: JSON array containing a list of client
      authentication methods supported by this introspection endpoint
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name:
      introspection_endpoint_auth_signing_alg_values_supported
   o  Metadata Description: JSON array containing a list of the JWS
      signing algorithms supported by the introspection endpoint for the
      signature on the JWT used to authenticate the client at the
      introspection endpoint
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414

   o  Metadata Name: code_challenge_methods_supported
   o  Metadata Description: PKCE code challenge methods supported by
      this authorization server
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2 of RFC 8414




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   o  Metadata Name: signed_metadata
   o  Metadata Description: Signed JWT containing metadata values about
      the authorization server as claims
   o  Change Controller: IESG
   o  Specification Document(s): Section 2.1 of RFC 8414

7.2.  Updated Registration Instructions

   This specification adds to the instructions for the Designated
   Experts of the following IANA registries, both of which are in the
   "OAuth Parameters" registry [IANA.OAuth.Parameters]:

   o  OAuth Access Token Types
   o  OAuth Token Endpoint Authentication Methods

   IANA has added a link to this specification in the Reference sections
   of these registries.

   For these registries, the Designated Experts must reject registration
   requests in one registry for values already occurring in the other
   registry.  This is necessary because the
   "introspection_endpoint_auth_methods_supported" parameter allows for
   the use of values from either registry.  That way, because the values
   in the two registries will continue to be mutually exclusive, no
   ambiguities will arise.

7.3.  Well-Known URI Registry

   This specification registers the well-known URI defined in Section 3
   in the IANA "Well-Known URIs" registry [IANA.well-known] established
   by RFC 5785 [RFC5785].

7.3.1.  Registry Contents

   o  URI suffix: oauth-authorization-server
   o  Change controller: IESG
   o  Specification document: Section 3 of RFC 8414
   o  Related information: (none)













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8.  References

8.1.  Normative References

   [BCP195]   Sheffer, Y., Holz, R., and P. Saint-Andre,
              "Recommendations for Secure Use of Transport Layer
              Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security
              (DTLS)", BCP 195, RFC 7525, May 2015,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp195>.

   [IANA.OAuth.Parameters]
              IANA, "OAuth Parameters",
              <https://www.iana.org/assignments/oauth-parameters>.

   [JWE]      Jones, M. and J. Hildebrand, "JSON Web Encryption (JWE)",
              RFC 7516, DOI 10.17487/RFC7516, May 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7516>.

   [JWK]      Jones, M., "JSON Web Key (JWK)", RFC 7517,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC7517, May 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7517>.

   [JWS]      Jones, M., Bradley, J., and N. Sakimura, "JSON Web
              Signature (JWS)", RFC 7515, DOI 10.17487/RFC7515, May
              2015, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7515>.

   [JWT]      Jones, M., Bradley, J., and N. Sakimura, "JSON Web Token
              (JWT)", RFC 7519, DOI 10.17487/RFC7519, May 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7519>.

   [OAuth.Post]
              Jones, M. and B. Campbell, "OAuth 2.0 Form Post Response
              Mode", April 2015, <http://openid.net/specs/
              oauth-v2-form-post-response-mode-1_0.html>.

   [OAuth.Responses]
              de Medeiros, B., Ed., Scurtescu, M., Tarjan, P., and M.
              Jones, "OAuth 2.0 Multiple Response Type Encoding
              Practices", February 2014, <http://openid.net/specs/
              oauth-v2-multiple-response-types-1_0.html>.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.






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   [RFC5246]  Dierks, T. and E. Rescorla, "The Transport Layer Security
              (TLS) Protocol Version 1.2", RFC 5246,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5246, August 2008,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5246>.

   [RFC5646]  Phillips, A., Ed. and M. Davis, Ed., "Tags for Identifying
              Languages", BCP 47, RFC 5646, DOI 10.17487/RFC5646,
              September 2009, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5646>.

   [RFC5785]  Nottingham, M. and E. Hammer-Lahav, "Defining Well-Known
              Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs)", RFC 5785,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5785, April 2010,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5785>.

   [RFC6125]  Saint-Andre, P. and J. Hodges, "Representation and
              Verification of Domain-Based Application Service Identity
              within Internet Public Key Infrastructure Using X.509
              (PKIX) Certificates in the Context of Transport Layer
              Security (TLS)", RFC 6125, DOI 10.17487/RFC6125, March
              2011, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6125>.

   [RFC6749]  Hardt, D., Ed., "The OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework",
              RFC 6749, DOI 10.17487/RFC6749, October 2012,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6749>.

   [RFC7009]  Lodderstedt, T., Ed., Dronia, S., and M. Scurtescu, "OAuth
              2.0 Token Revocation", RFC 7009, DOI 10.17487/RFC7009,
              August 2013, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7009>.

   [RFC7033]  Jones, P., Salgueiro, G., Jones, M., and J. Smarr,
              "WebFinger", RFC 7033, DOI 10.17487/RFC7033, September
              2013, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7033>.

   [RFC7591]  Richer, J., Ed., Jones, M., Bradley, J., Machulak, M., and
              P. Hunt, "OAuth 2.0 Dynamic Client Registration Protocol",
              RFC 7591, DOI 10.17487/RFC7591, July 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7591>.

   [RFC7636]  Sakimura, N., Ed., Bradley, J., and N. Agarwal, "Proof Key
              for Code Exchange by OAuth Public Clients", RFC 7636,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC7636, September 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7636>.

   [RFC7662]  Richer, J., Ed., "OAuth 2.0 Token Introspection",
              RFC 7662, DOI 10.17487/RFC7662, October 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7662>.





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   [RFC8126]  Cotton, M., Leiba, B., and T. Narten, "Guidelines for
              Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26,
              RFC 8126, DOI 10.17487/RFC8126, June 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8126>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.

   [RFC8259]  Bray, T., Ed., "The JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Data
              Interchange Format", STD 90, RFC 8259,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8259, December 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8259>.

   [UNICODE]  The Unicode Consortium, "The Unicode Standard",
              <http://www.unicode.org/versions/latest/>.

   [USA15]    Davis, M., Ed. and K. Whistler, Ed., "Unicode
              Normalization Forms", Unicode Standard Annex #15, May
              2018, <http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/>.

8.2.  Informative References

   [IANA.well-known]
              IANA, "Well-Known URIs",
              <https://www.iana.org/assignments/well-known-uris>.

   [MIX-UP]   Jones, M., Bradley, J., and N. Sakimura, "OAuth 2.0 Mix-Up
              Mitigation", Work in Progress, draft-ietf-oauth-mix-up-
              mitigation-01, July 2016.

   [OpenID.Core]
              Sakimura, N., Bradley, J., Jones, M., de Medeiros, B., and
              C. Mortimore, "OpenID Connect Core 1.0", November 2014,
              <http://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html>.

   [OpenID.Discovery]
              Sakimura, N., Bradley, J., Jones, M., and E. Jay, "OpenID
              Connect Discovery 1.0", November 2014,
              <http://openid.net/specs/
              openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html>.

   [OpenID.Registration]
              Sakimura, N., Bradley, J., and M. Jones, "OpenID Connect
              Dynamic Client Registration 1.0", November 2014,
              <http://openid.net/specs/
              openid-connect-registration-1_0.html>.




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Acknowledgements

   This specification is based on the OpenID Connect Discovery 1.0
   specification, which was produced by the OpenID Connect working group
   of the OpenID Foundation.  This specification standardizes the de
   facto usage of the metadata format defined by OpenID Connect
   Discovery to publish OAuth authorization server metadata.

   The authors would like to thank the following people for their
   reviews of this specification: Shwetha Bhandari, Ben Campbell, Brian
   Campbell, Brian Carpenter, William Denniss, Vladimir Dzhuvinov,
   Donald Eastlake, Samuel Erdtman, George Fletcher, Dick Hardt, Phil
   Hunt, Alexey Melnikov, Tony Nadalin, Mark Nottingham, Eric Rescorla,
   Justin Richer, Adam Roach, Hannes Tschofenig, and Hans Zandbelt.

Authors' Addresses

   Michael B. Jones
   Microsoft

   Email: mbj@microsoft.com
   URI:   http://self-issued.info/


   Nat Sakimura
   Nomura Research Institute, Ltd.

   Email: n-sakimura@nri.co.jp
   URI:   http://nat.sakimura.org/


   John Bradley
   Yubico

   Email: RFC8414@ve7jtb.com
   URI:   http://www.thread-safe.com/















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