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authorThomas Voss <mail@thomasvoss.com> 2024-11-27 20:54:24 +0100
committerThomas Voss <mail@thomasvoss.com> 2024-11-27 20:54:24 +0100
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+Network Working Group J. Winett
+Request for Comments: 109 MIT Lincoln Laboratory
+NIC: 5805 24 March 1971
+
+
+ Level III Server Protocol for the Lincoln Laboratory
+ 360/67 Host
+
+Disclaimer
+
+ This material has not been reviewed for public release and is
+ intended only for use with the ARPA network. It should not be quoted
+ or cited in any publication not related to the ARPA network.
+
+Introduction
+
+ The Lincoln Laboratory IBM 360/67 is connected to the ARPA network
+ and acts as a serving host providing access to the CP-67 virtual
+ machine operating system. Upon completion of the Login procedure,
+ users have control of a 360 virtual machine through a virtual 1052
+ online console. Attached to the virtual machine is a virtual card
+ reader, card punch and line printer, and a number of disk storage
+ devices. The 360 virtual machine can be either a virtual 360/67 with
+ dynamic address translation hardware or a standard System/360. Most
+ users run a standard 360 with 256K bytes of virtual memory and
+ operate the CMS conversational monitor system. CMS provides
+ facilities for file creation, maintenance and manipulation, program
+ development, debugging and execution, and a number of other useful
+ utility functions. The section in the Network Notebook on the
+ Lincoln Laboratory 360/67 more fully describes the facilities
+ available.
+
+Network Control Program
+
+ All communication with the 360/67 through the IMP are processed by a
+ Network Control Program (NCP). The NCP operates with the Host-Host
+ Protocol described in the Network Working Group Document No. 1 dated
+ 3 August 1970.
+
+Initial Connection Protocol
+
+ To create a virtual machine from the network, a pair of connections
+ must be made with the LOGGER. The sockets to be used are assigned
+ following the Initial Connection Protocol (ICP). The LOGGER is
+ enabled and waiting for an RTS control command for socket X'0A 0000
+ 01'. This ICP socket corresponds to home X'0A', user X'0000', and
+ tag X'01' (send gender). Requests for connection on the ICP socket
+ are stacked until it becomes free. If the LOGGER is willing to
+
+
+
+Winett [Page 1]
+
+RFC 109 Level II Server Protocol 24 March 1971
+
+
+ service another network user, a 32 bit socket ID of a receive socket
+ will be sent over this initial connection and the ICP socket will
+ then be closed. If the LOGGER is not willing to service another
+ network user, it will not complete the initial connection for the ICP
+ socket and will refuse the request by closing the connection without
+ completing it.
+
+LOGGER Protocol
+
+ Once a pair of user sockets have been assigned, the connection
+ protocol should be completed on these sockets. The LOGGER then
+ expects to receive (on the receive socket) one 8-bit byte indicating
+ the data type which characterizes the transmission code used to
+ communicate with the network user over this pair of sockets. A code
+ of X'01' implies 7 bit ASCII code in 8-bit bytes with the leading bit
+ zero. A code of X'02' implies 8-bit EBCDIC code. When the data type
+ code is received, the LOGGER will echo back the data type code over
+ the send socket followed by the message:
+
+ LINCOLN LABORATORY CP-67 ONLINE NL
+
+ in the appropriate code. (In ASCII, NL is transmitted as CR LF).
+
+ The procedure continues according to the normal CP-67 login protocol
+ with the LOGGER performing an additional function of mapping network
+ userids and passwords into valid CP-67 userids and passwords. This
+ mapping is specified by entries in a file (the LOGGER FILE) which the
+ LOGGER accesses. If a network userid does not match an entry in the
+ file or if the password given does not match the corresponding
+ network password, the usual CP responses will be sent to the users.
+ Thus network access to the Lincoln Laboratory system is restricted to
+ those accounts for which an appropriate entry has been made in the
+ LOGGER FILE.
+
+ It should be noted that CP transmits a BYP code (Bypass) to suspend
+ the printing of characters keyed while a password is being entered.
+ After the password has been entered, CP transmits a RES code
+ (Restore) to resume the printing when characters are keyed. When
+ communicating in ASCII, these character codes are converted to X'FF'
+ since no corresponding ASCII code is defined. Refer to the Network
+ Resource Notebook for more details on CP-67 and on CMS.
+
+The NET Account
+
+ Lincoln Laboratory is providing one account which can be used by
+ network users to familiarize themselves with our time-sharing system.
+ The userid of this account is NET and the password is ARPA. This
+ account has 900 records of storage, which can store approximately
+
+
+
+Winett [Page 2]
+
+RFC 109 Level II Server Protocol 24 March 1971
+
+
+ 720,000 characters. NET users are free to ERASE any file on this
+ account since many different people may use this account.
+
+The SERVER Protocol
+
+ CP-67 operates on a line at a time, i.e., a group of characters are
+ processed as a line and not as a sequence of individual characters.
+ Also, the system does normally buffer input lines, that is, input is
+ not normally entered until requested by a read from the system. With
+ IBM 2741 or 1052 terminals, the keyboard is locked until a read is
+ requested. The virtual terminals through which network users have
+ access to the CP-67 system have been designed to support either a
+ line oriented terminal or a character oriented terminal. When CP
+ requests a line of input, the SERVER transmits a prompting code
+ X'80'. This character can be used to signal a user process to change
+ transmission modes and to transmit an input line. Characters
+ received by the SERVER are buffered until a NL character is received.
+ Lines received can then be used to satisfy CP requests for an input
+ line.
+
+ CP may send out lines which may or may not end with a NL character.
+ If a line does not end with a NL character, the prompting character
+ will naturally be sent following the output line to request input to
+ a CP process.
+
+ When a user wishes to interrupt a CP process, i.e., to change modes,
+ an interrupt code X'80' should be sent to the SERVER. This code will
+ result in an asynchronous interrupt being sent to the running
+ process, stimulating the pressing of the 'attention' button on a 2741
+ terminal. Together with the transmission of the interrupt code, the
+ user should cause an INS to be sent over the send link. This signal
+ will be synchronized with the interrupt code. If the interrupt code
+ has not yet been received and processed, all characters buffered and
+ those received before the receipt of the interrupt code will be
+ flushed, i.e., deleted. When the interrupt code is received, it will
+ be paired with the previously received INS. If an INS is received
+ after an interrupt code has been received and processed, the INS will
+ be paired with this previously received interrupt code.
+
+ If CP has a line to send to a user after it has requested an input
+ line but before it has received any input, the SERVER will transmit
+ an INS on the user's receive link to notify the user that previously
+ sent prompting character should be retracted and that a line has been
+ or will be sent to the user. This message line is called a
+ "warning".
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Winett [Page 3]
+
+RFC 109 Level II Server Protocol 24 March 1971
+
+
+Graphic and Control Codes
+
+ Figure 1 gives the 8-bit codes for the EBCDIC graphics and controls.
+ Figure 2 gives the 7-bit codes for the ASCII graphics and controls.
+ The controls are tabulated and compared in Figure 3. The standard
+ interpretation of the ASCII controls are given in Figure 4.
+
+ There are 4 ASCII codes which do not have a corresponding graphic or
+ control in the EBCDIC code. The EBCDIC codes given to these codes
+ are as follows:
+
+ | Hex Code
+ ASCII |-------+--------
+ Symbol | ASCII | EBCDIC
+ -------+-------+--------
+ DC3 | 13 | 3A
+ | |
+ ` | 60 | 70
+ | |
+ \ | 5C | 71
+ | |
+ ^ | 5E | 72
+
+ There are 29 EBCDIC graphics codes and 19 EBCDIC control codes which
+ do not have a corresponding graphic or control in the ASCII code. In
+ addition, there are 84 other EBCDIC codes whose interpretation is
+ unspecified. Four of these codes have been chosen to correspond to
+ the ASCII control and ASCII graphics which do not have a
+ corresponding EBCDIC code. When converting EBCDIC codes to ASCII
+ codes, the remaining 80 codes plus the 29 EBCDIC graphics and 18
+ EBCDIC controls (not counting NL) are converted into the code X'FF'.
+ The NL character is treated specially. The NL character, EBCDIC code
+ X'15', is converted into the two character sequence CR LF, i.e.,
+ ASCII X'0D 0A'. As stated above, the code X'80' is transmitted as a
+ prompting character whenever CP requests an input line.
+
+ On converting from ASCII to EBCDIC, if any code other than the 128
+ ASCII codes, or the interrupt codem X'80', is received, it is
+ converted to the code X'FF'. In addition , whenever the two ASCII
+ characters CR LF are found sequentially in the input stream, they are
+ converted into the single EBCDIC character NL.
+
+ [In Figure 1, positions shown as "[?]" cannot be printed in ASCII.]
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Winett [Page 4]
+
+RFC 109 Level II Server Protocol 24 March 1971
+
+
+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
+ 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
+ 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
+ 3 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
+ 4567+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0000|NUL|DLE|DS | |SP | & | - | | | |[?]|[?]| | | | 0 |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0001|SOH|DC1|SOS| | | | / | | a | j |[?]|[?]| A | J | | 1 |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0010|STX|DC2|FS |SYN| | | | | b | k | s |[?]| B | K | S | 2 |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0011|ETX|TM | | | | | | | c | l | t |[?]| C | L | T | 3 |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0100|PF |RES|BYP|PN | | | | | d | m | u |[?]| D | M | U | 4 |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0101|HT |NL |LF |RS | | | | | e | n | v |[?]| E | N | V | 5 |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0110|LC |BS |ETB|UC | | | | | f | o | w |[?]| F | O | W | 6 |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0111|DEL|IL |ESC|EOT| | | | | g | p | x |[?]| G | P | X | 7 |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1000| |CAN| | | | | | | h | q | y |[?]| H | Q | Y | 8 |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1001| |EM | | | | | | | i | r | z |[?]| I | R | Z | 9 |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1010|SMM|CC |SM | |[1]| ! | | : | | | | | | | | |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1011|VT |CU1|CU2|CU3| . | $ | , | # | { | } |[?]|[?]| | | | |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1100|FF |IFS| |DC4| < | * | % | @ |[?]|[?]|[?]|[?]| | | | |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1101|CR |IGS|ENQ|NAK| ( | ) | _ | ' |[?]|[?]| [ | ] | | | | |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1110|SO |IRS|ACK| | + | ; | > | = |[?]|[?]|[?]|[?]| | | | |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1111|SI |IUS|BEL|SUB| | |[2]| ? | " |[?]|[?]|[?]|[?]| | | | |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ Code Structure
+
+ Figure 1.
+
+ Extended Binary-Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC)
+
+
+
+
+
+Winett [Page 5]
+
+RFC 109 Level II Server Protocol 24 March 1971
+
+
+ 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+ 7 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
+ 6 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
+ 5 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
+ 4321+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0000|NUL|DLE|SP | 0 | @ | P | ` | p |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0001|SOH|DC1| ! | 1 | A | Q | a | q |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0010|STX|DC2| " | 2 | B | R | b | r |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0011|ETX|DC3| # | 3 | C | S | c | s |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0100|EOT|DC4| $ | 4 | D | T | d | t |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0101|ENQ|NAK| % | 5 | E | U | e | u |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0110|ACK|SYN| & | 6 | F | V | f | v |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 0111|BEL|ETB| ' | 7 | G | W | g | w |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1000|BS |CAN| ( | 8 | H | X | h | x |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1001|HT |EM | ) | 9 | I | Y | i | y |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1010|LF |SUB| * | : | J | Z | j | z |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1011|VT |ESC| + | ; | K | [ | k | { |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1100|FF |FS | , | < | L | \ | l | | |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1101|CR |GS | - | = | M | ] | m | } |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1110|SO |RS | . | > | N | ^ | n | ~ |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ 1111|SI |SU | / | ? | O | _ | o |DEL|
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
+ Code Structure
+
+ Figure 2.
+
+ USA Standard Code for Information Interchange (USASCII)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Winett [Page 6]
+
+RFC 109 Level II Server Protocol 24 March 1971
+
+
+ CAT EBCDIC ASCII TTY PTTC FUNCTION
+
+ NUL NUL NULL Null
+ CC SOH SOH SOM Start of Heading
+ CC STX STX EOA EOA (D) Start of Text
+ CC ETX ETX EOM End of Text
+ DC PF PF Punch Off
+ FE HT HT H.TAB TAB Horizontal Tab
+ GR LC LC Lower Case
+ DEL DEL RUBOUT DEL Delete
+ SMM Start of Manual Message
+ FE VT VT V.TAB Vertical Tab
+ FE FF FF FORM Form Feed
+ FE CR CR RETURN Carriage Return
+ GR SO SO SO Shift Out
+ GR SI SI SI Shift In
+ CC DLE DLE DC0 Data Link Escape
+ DC DC1 DC1 X-ON Device Control 1
+ DC DC2 DC2 TAPE ON Device Control 2
+ TM Tape Mark
+ DC RES RES Restore
+ FE NL NL New Line
+ FE BS BS BS Backspace
+ IL IL Idle
+ CAN CAN FE0 CAN Cancel
+ EM EM S1 End of Medium
+ CC Cursor Control
+ CU CU1 Customer Use 1
+ IS IFS FS S4 Info. Field Separator
+ IS IGS GS S5 Info. Group Separator
+ IS IRS RS S6 Info. Record Separator
+ IS IUS US S7 Info Unit Separator
+ ED DS Digit Select
+ ED SOS Start of Significance
+ ED FS Field Separator
+ DC BYP BYP Bypass
+ FE LF LF LF LF Line Feed
+ CC ETB ETB LEM EOB (B) End of Text Block
+ ESC ESC S3 PRE Escape
+ SM Set Mode
+ CU CU2 Customer Use 2
+ CC ENQ ENQ WRU Enquiry
+ CC ACK ACK RU (Y) Acknowledge
+ BEL BEL BELL Bell
+ CC SYN SYN SYNC Synchronous Idle
+ DC PN PN Punch On
+ DC RS RS Reader Stop
+ GR UC UC Upper Case
+
+
+
+Winett [Page 7]
+
+RFC 109 Level II Server Protocol 24 March 1971
+
+
+ CC EOT EOT EOT EOT (C) End of Transmission
+ CU CU3 Customer Use 3
+ DC DC4 DC4 TAPE OFF Device Control 4
+ CC NAK NAK ERROR (N) Negative Acknowledge
+ SUB SUB S2 Substitute
+ DC DC3 X-OFF Device Control 3
+
+ Figure 3
+
+ Control Functions Compared
+
+ CC (Communication Control). A functional character intended to
+ control or facilitate transmission of information over
+ communication networks.
+
+ FE (Format Effector). A functional character which controls the
+ layout or positioning of information in printing or display
+ devices.
+
+ IS (Information Separator). A character which is used to separate
+ and qualify information in a logical sense. There is a group
+ of four such characters, which are to be used in a hierarchical
+ order.
+
+ DC (Device Control). A functional character used for the control
+ of ancillary devices associated with data processing of
+ telecommunication systems, more especially switching devices
+ "on" and "off".
+
+ ED (Edit and Mark). A control character used by the System/360
+ Edit and Mark (EDMK) instruction for the formatting of
+ alphanumeric fields.
+
+ GB (Graphic Control). A control character indicating that the code
+ combinations which follow are to be interpreted in a particular
+ code table, depending upon the particular control character.
+
+ CU (Customer Use). A character excluded from future assignment by
+ IBM. These "protected" codes are intended for use by customer
+ systems so that their use will not conflict with a possible
+ future IBM use.
+
+ Figure 3 (Continued)
+
+ Categories of Control Functions
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Winett [Page 8]
+
+RFC 109 Level II Server Protocol 24 March 1971
+
+
+ NUL (Null). The all-zeros character which may serve to accomplish
+ time fill and media fill.
+
+ SOH (Start of Heading). A communication control character used at
+ the beginning of a sequence of characters which constitute a
+ machine-sensible address or routing information. Such a
+ sequence is referred to as the _heading_. An STX character has
+ the effect of terminating a heading.
+
+ STX (Start of Text). A communication control character which
+ precedes a sequence of characters that is to be treated as an
+ entity and transmitted through to the ultimate destination.
+ Such a sequence is referred to as _text_. SIX may be used to
+ terminate a sequence of characters started by SOH.
+
+ ETX (End of Text). A communication control character used to
+ terminate a sequence of characters started with STX and
+ transmitted as an entity.
+
+ EOT (End of Transmission). A communication control character used
+ to indicate the conclusion of a transmission, which may have
+ contained one or more texts and any associated headings.
+
+ ENQ (Enquiry). A communication control character used in data
+ communication systems as a request for a response from a remote
+ station. It may be used as a "Who Are You" (WRU) to obtain
+ identification, or may be used to obtain station status, or
+ both.
+
+ ACK (Acknowledge). A communication control character transmitted by
+ a receiver as an affirmative response to a sender.
+
+ BEL (Bell). A character for use when these is a need to call for
+ human attention. It may control alarm or attention devices.
+
+ BS (Backspace). A format effector which controls the movement of
+ the printing position one printing space backward on the same
+ printing line (applicable also to display devices).
+
+ HT (Horizontal Tabulation). A format effector which controls the
+ movement of the printing position to the next in a series of
+ predetermined positions along the printing line (applicable
+ also to display devices and the skip function on punched
+ cards.)
+
+ LF (Line Feed). A format effector which controls the movement of
+ the printing position to the next printing line (also
+ applicable to display devices).
+
+
+
+Winett [Page 9]
+
+RFC 109 Level II Server Protocol 24 March 1971
+
+
+ VT (Vertical Tabulation). A format effector which controls the
+ movement of the printing position to the next in a series of
+ predetermined printing lines (also applicable to display
+ devices).
+
+ FF (Form Feed). A format effector which controls the movement of
+ the printing position to the first predetermined printing line
+ on the next form or page (also applicable to display devices).
+
+ CR (Carriage Return). A format effector which controls the
+ movement of the printing position to the first printing
+ position on the same printing line (also applicable to display
+ devices).
+
+ SO (Shift Out). A control character indicating that the code
+ combinations which follow shall be interpreted as outside of
+ the character set of the standard code table until a Shift In
+ Character is reached.
+
+ SI (Shift In). A control character indicating that the code
+ combinations which follow shall be interpreted according to the
+ standard code table.
+
+ DLE (Data Link Escape). A communication control character which
+ will change the meaning of a limited number of contiguously
+ following characters. It is used exclusively to provide
+ supplementary controls in data communication networks.
+
+ DC1, DC2, DC3, DC4 (Device Controls). Characters for the control of
+ ancillary devices associated with data processing or
+ telecommunication systems, more especially switching devices
+ "on" and "off". (If a single "stop" control is required to
+ interrupt of turn off ancillary devices, DC4 is the preferred
+ assignment.)
+
+ NAK (Negative Acknowledge). A communication control character
+ transmitted by a receiver as a negative response to a sender.
+
+ SYN (Synchronous Idle). A communication control character used by
+ a synchronous transmission system in the absence of any other
+ character to provide a signal from which synchronism may be
+ achieved or retained.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Winett [Page 10]
+
+RFC 109 Level II Server Protocol 24 March 1971
+
+
+ ETB (End of Transmission Block). A communication control character
+ used to indicate the end of a block of data for communication
+ purposes. ETB is used for blocking data where the block
+ structure is not necessarily related to the processing format.
+
+ CAN (Cancel). A control character used to indicate that the data
+ with which it is sent is in error or is to be disregarded.
+
+ EM (End of Medium). A control character associated with the sent
+ data which may be used to identify the physical end of the
+ medium, or the end of the used, or wanted, portion of
+ information recorded on a medium. (The position of this
+ character does not necessarily correspond to the physical end
+ of the medium.
+
+ SS (Start of Special Sequence). A control character used to
+ indicate the start of a variable length sequence of characters
+ which have special significance or which are to have special
+ handling.
+
+ ESC (Escape). A control character intended to provide code
+ extension (supplementary characters) in general information
+ interchange. The Escape character itself is a prefix affecting
+ the interpretation of a limited number of contiguously
+ following characters.
+
+ FS (File Separator), GS (Group Separator), RS (Record Separator)
+ and US (Unit Separator). These information separators may be
+ used within data in optional fashion, except that the
+ hierarchical relationship shall be : FS is the must inclusive,
+ then GS, then RS, and US is least inclusive. (The content and
+ length of a File, Group, Record, or Unit are not specified.)
+
+ DEL (Delete). This character is used primarily to "erase" or
+ "obliterate" erroneous or unwanted characters in perforated
+ tape. (In the strict sense, DEL is not a control character.)
+
+ Figure 4
+
+ ASCII Control Functions
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Winett [Page 11]
+
+RFC 109 Level II Server Protocol 24 March 1971
+
+
+Endnotes
+
+ [1] - Cent sign
+ [2] - Logical not ("bent bar")
+ [?] - Graphics not in ASCII. See Postscript or PDF version of
+ this document.
+
+
+ [This RFC was put into machine readable form for entry]
+ [into the online RFC archives by Lorrie Shiota, 10/02]
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Winett [Page 12]
+