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diff --git a/doc/rfc/rfc2590.txt b/doc/rfc/rfc2590.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..53f7bc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/rfc/rfc2590.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1067 @@ + + + + + + +Network Working Group A. Conta +Request for Comments: 2590 Lucent +Category: Standards Track A. Malis + Ascend + M. Mueller + Lucent + May 1999 + + + Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Frame Relay Networks + Specification + +Status of this Memo + + This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the + Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for + improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet + Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state + and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. + +Copyright Notice + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999). All Rights Reserved. + +Abstract + + This memo describes mechanisms for the transmission of IPv6 packets + over Frame Relay networks. + +Table of Contents + + 1. Introduction.................................................2 + 2. Maximum Transmission Unit....................................3 + 3. Frame Format.................................................4 + 4. Stateless Autoconfiguration..................................5 + 4.1 Generating the MID field.................................7 + 5. Link-Local Address...........................................9 + 6. Address Mapping -- Unicast, Multicast........................9 + 7. Sending Neighbor Discovery Messages.........................14 + 8. Receiving Neighbor Discovery Messages.......................15 + 9. Security Considerations.....................................15 + 10. Acknowledgments............................................16 + 11. References.................................................16 + 12. Authors' Addresses.........................................18 + 13. Full Copyright Statement...................................19 + + + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 1] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + +1. Introduction + + This document specifies the frame format for transmission of IPv6 + packets over Frame Relay networks, the method of forming IPv6 link- + local addresses on Frame Relay links, and the mapping of the IPv6 + addresses to Frame Relay addresses. It also specifies the content of + the Source/Target link-layer address option used in Neighbor + Discovery [ND] and Inverse Neighbor Discovery [IND] messages when + those messages are transmitted over a Frame Relay link. It is part + of a set of specifications that define such IPv6 mechanisms for Non + Broadcast Multi Access (NBMA) media [IPv6-NBMA], [IPv6-ATM], and a + larger set that defines such mechanisms for specific link layers + [IPv6-ETH], [IPv6-FDDI], [IPv6-PPP], [IPv6-ATM], etc... + + The information in this document applies to Frame Relay devices which + serve as end stations (DTEs) on a public or private Frame Relay + network (for example, provided by a common carrier or PTT.) Frame + Relay end stations can be IPv6 hosts or routers. In this document + they are referred to as nodes. + + In a Frame Relay network, a number of virtual circuits form the + connections between the attached stations (nodes). The resulting set + of interconnected devices forms a private Frame Relay group which may + be either fully interconnected with a complete "mesh" of virtual + circuits, or only partially interconnected. In either case, each + virtual circuit is uniquely identified at each Frame Relay interface + (card) by a Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI). In most + circumstances, DLCIs have strictly local significance at each Frame + Relay interface. + + A Frame Relay virtual circuit acts like a virtual-link (also referred + to as logical-link), with its own link parameters, distinct from the + parameters of other virtual circuits established on the same wire or + fiber. Such parameters are the input/output maximum frame size, + incoming/outgoing requested/agreed throughput, incoming/outgoing + acceptable throughput, incoming/outgoing burst size, + incoming/outgoing frame rate. + + By default a DLCI is 10 bits in length. Frame Relay specifications + define also 16, 17, or 23 bit DLCIs. The former is not used, while + the latter two are suggested for use with SVCs. + + Frame Relay virtual circuits can be created administratively as + Permanent Virtual Circuits -- PVCs -- or dynamically as Switched + Virtual Circuits -- SVCs. The mechanisms defined in this document + are intended to apply to both permanent and switched Frame Relay + virtual circuits, whether they are point to point or point to multi- + point. + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 2] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + + The keywords MUST, MUST NOT, MAY, OPTIONAL, REQUIRED, RECOMMENDED, + SHALL, SHALL NOT, SHOULD, SHOULD NOT are to be interpreted as defined + in [RFC 2119]. + +2. Maximum Transmission Unit + + The IPv6 minimum MTU is defined in [IPv6]. + + In general, Frame Relay devices are configured to have a maximum + frame size of at least 1600 octets. Therefore, the default IPv6 MTU + size for a Frame Relay interface is considered to be 1592. + + A smaller than default frame size can be configured but of course not + smaller than the minimum IPv6 MTU. + + An adequate larger than default IPv6 MTU and Frame Relay frame size + can be configured to avoid fragmentation. The maximum frame size is + controlled by the CRC generation mechanisms employed at the HDLC + level. CRC16 will protect frames up to 4096 bytes in length, which + reduces the effective maximum frame size to approximately 4088 bytes. + A larger desired frame size (such as that used by FDDI or Token + Ring), would require the CRC32 mechanism, which is not yet widely + used and is not mandatory for frame relay systems conforming to Frame + Relay Forum and ITU-T standards. + + In general, if upper layers provide adequate error + protection/detection mechanisms, implementations may allow + configuring a Frame Relay link with a larger than 4080 octets frame + size but with a lesser error protection/detection mechanism at link + layer. However, because IPv6 relies on the upper and lower layer + error detection, configuring the IPv6 MTU to a value larger than 4080 + is strongly discouraged. + + Although a Frame Relay circuit allows the definition of distinct + maximum frame sizes for input and output, for simplification + purposes, this specification assumes symmetry, i.e. the same MTU for + both input and output. + + Furthermore, implementations may limit the setting of the Frame Relay + maximum frame size to the interface (link, or card) level, which then + is enforced on all of the PVCs or SVCs on that interface (on that + link, or card). For an SVC, the maximum frame size parameter + negotiated during circuit setup will not exceed the configured + maximum frame size. + + + + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 3] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + +3. IPv6 Frame Format + + The IPv6 frame encapsulation for Frame Relay (for both PVCs and SVCs) + follows [ENCAPS], which allows a VC to carry IPv6 packets along with + other protocol packets. The NLPID frame format is used, in which the + IPv6 NLPID has a value of 0x8E: + + 0 1 (Octets) + +-----------------------+-----------------------+ +(Octets)0 | | + / Q.922 Address / + / (length 'n' equals 2 or 4) / + | | + +-----------------------+-----------------------+ + n | Control (UI) 0x03 | NLPID 0x8E | NLPID + +-----------------------+-----------------------+ indicating + n+2 | . | IPv6 + / . / + / IPv6 packet / + | . | + +-----------------------+-----------------------+ + | | + + FCS + + | | + +-----------------------+-----------------------+ + + "n" is the length of the Q.922 address which can be 2 or 4 octets. + + The Q.922 representation of a DLCI (in canonical order - the first + bit is stored in the least significant, i.e., the right-most bit + of a byte in memory) [CANON] is the following: + + 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (bit order) + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ +(octet) 0 | DLCI(high order) | 0 | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 1 | DLCI(low order) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 10 bits DLCI + + + + + + + + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 4] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + + 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (bit order) + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ +(octet) 0 | DLCI(high order) | 0 | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 1 | DLCI | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 2 | DLCI(low order) | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 3 | unused (set to 0) | 1 | 1 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 17 bits DLCI + + 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (bit order) + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ +(octet) 0 | DLCI(high order) | 0 | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+----- + 1 | DLCI | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 2 | DLCI | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 3 | DLCI (low order) | 0 | 1 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 23 bits DLCI + + The encapsulation of data or control messages exchanged by various + protocols that use SNAP encapsulation (with their own PIDs) is not + affected. The encoding of the IPv6 protocol identifier in such + messages MUST be done according to the specifications of those + protocols, and [ASSNUM]. + +4. Stateless Autoconfiguration + + An interface identifier [AARCH] for an IPv6 Frame Relay interface + must be unique on a Frame Relay link [AARCH], and must be unique on + each of the virtual links represented by the VCs terminated on the + interface. + + The interface identifier for the Frame Relay interface is locally + generated by the IPv6 module. + + Each virtual circuit in a Frame Relay network is uniquely identified + on a Frame Relay interface by a DLCI. Furthermore, a DLCI can be seen + as an identification of the end point of a virtual circuit on a Frame + Relay interface. Since each Frame Relay VC is configured or + established separately, and acts like an independent virtual-link + from other VCs in the network, or on the interface, link, wire or + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 5] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + + fiber, it seems beneficial to view each VC's termination point on the + Frame Relay interface as a "pseudo-interface" or "logical-interface" + overlaid on the Frame Relay interface. Furthermore, it seems + beneficial to be able to generate and associate an IPv6 + autoconfigured address (including an IPv6 link local address) to each + "pseudo-interface", i.e. end-point of a VC, i.e. to each DLCI on a + Frame Relay interface. + + In order to achieve the benefits described above, the mechanisms + specified in this document suggest constructing the Frame Relay + interface identifier from 3 distinct fields (Fig.1): + + (a) The "EUI bits" field. Bits 6 and 7 of the first octet, + representing the EUI-64 "universal/local" and respectively + "individual/group" bits converted to IPv6 use. The former is set + to zero to reflect that the 64 bit interface identifier value + has local significance [AARCH]. The latter is set to 0 to + reflect the unicast address [AARCH]. + + (b) The "Mid" field. A 38 bit field which is generated with the + purpose of adding uniqueness to the interface identifier. + + (c) The "DLCI" field. A 24 bit field that MAY hold a 10, 17, or 23 + bit DLCI value which MUST be extended with 0's to 24 bits. A + DLCI based interface identifier -- which contains a valid DLCI + -- SHOULD be generated as a result of successfully establishing + a VC -- PVC or SVC. + + If a DLCI is not known, the field MUST be set to the + "unspecified DLCI" value which consists of setting each of the + 24 bits to 1. + + Since DLCIs are local to a Frame Relay node, it is possible to have + Frame Relay distinct virtual circuits within a Frame Relay network + identified with the same DLCI values. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 6] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + + 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (bit order) + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ +(Octets) 0 | |"EUI bits" | + + +-----+-----+ + 1 | | + + + + 2 | "Mid" | + + + + 3 | | + + + + 4 | | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 5 | | + + + + 6 | "DLCI" | + + + + 7 | | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + Fig.1 Frame Relay Pseudo-Interface Identifier + + The Duplicate Address Detection specified in [AUTOCONF] is used + repeatedly during the interface identifier and local-link address + generation process, until the generated identifier and consequently + the link-local address on the link -- VC -- are unique. + +4.1 Generating the "Mid" field. + + The "Mid" can be generated in multiple ways. This specification + suggests two mechanisms: + + (b.1) "Use of Local Administrative Numbers" + + The "Mid" is filled with the result of merging: + + (b.1.1) A random number of 6 bits in length (Fig.2). + + + (b.1.2) The Frame Relay Node Identifier -- 16 bits -- is a user + administered value used to locally identify a Frame Relay + node (Fig.2). + + (b.1.3) The Frame Relay Link Identifier -- 16 bits -- is a numerical + representation of the Frame Relay interface or link (Fig.2). + + + + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 7] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + + 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (bit order) + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ +(Octets) 0 | Random Number | MBZ | + +-----------------------------------+-----+-----+ + 1 | | + + Frame Relay Node Identifier + + 2 | | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 3 | | + + Frame Relay Link Identifier + + 4 | | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 5 | | + + + + 6 | "DLCI" | + + + + 7 | | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + Fig.2 Frame Relay Pseudo-Interface Identifier + + or, + + (b.2) "Use of The Frame Relay address - E.164 [E164], X.121 + [X25] numbers, or NSAP [NSAP] address" + + If a Frame Relay interface has an E.164 or a X.121 number, or an + NSAP address, the "Mid" field MUST be filled in with a number + resulted from it as follows: the number represented by the BCD + encoding of the E.164 or X.121 number, or the binary encoding of + the NSAP address is truncated to 38 bits (Fig.3). Since the Frame + Relay interface identifier has a "local" significance, the use of + such a value has no real practical purposes other than adding to + the uniqueness of the interface identifier on the link. Therefore + the truncation can be performed on the high order or low order + bits. If the high order bits truncation does not provide + uniqueness on the link -- perhaps the DLCI value is not unique -- + this most likely means that the VC spans more for instance than a + national and/or international destination area for an E.164 + number, and therefore the truncation of the low order bits should + be performed next, which most likely will provide the desired + uniqueness. + + + + + + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 8] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + + 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (bit order) + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ +(Octets) 0 | | MBZ | + + +-----+-----+ + 1 | | + + E.164, X.121 (BCD encoding) + + 2 | or NSAP Address | + + + + 3 | (truncated to 38 bits) | + + + + 4 | | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 5 | | + + + + 6 | "DLCI" | + + + + 7 | | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + Fig.3 Frame Relay (Pseudo) Interface Identifier + +5. Link-Local Addresses + + The IPv6 link-local address [AARCH] for an IPv6 Frame Relay interface + is formed by appending the interface identifier, formed as defined + above, to the prefix FE80::/64 [AARCH]. + + 10 bits 54 bits 64 bits + +----------+-----------------------+----------------------------+ + |1111111010| (zeros) |Frame Relay Interface Ident.| + +----------+-----------------------+----------------------------+ + +6. Address Mapping -- Unicast, Multicast + + The procedure for mapping IPv6 addresses to link-layer addresses is + described in [IPv6-ND]. Additionally, extensions to Neighbor + Discovery (ND) that allow the mapping of link-layer addresses to IPv6 + addresses are defined as Inverse Neighbor Discovery (IND) in [IND]. + This document defines the formats of the link-layer address fields + used by ND and IND. This specification does not define an algorithmic + mapping of IPv6 multicast addresses to Frame Relay link-layer + addresses. + + The Source/Target Link-layer Address option used in Neighbor + Discovery and Inverse Neighbor Discovery messages for a Frame Relay + link follows the general rules defined by [IPv6-ND]. IPv6 addresses + can map two type of identifiers equivalent to link-layer addresses: + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 9] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + + DLCIs, and Frame Relay Addresses. Therefore, for Frame Relay, this + document defines two distinct formats for the ND and IND messages + Link-Layer Address field: + + (a) DLCI Format -- used in ND and/or IND messages on VCs that were + established prior to the ND or IND message exchange -- mostly + PVCs. The use on SVCs makes sense with Inverse Neighbor + Discovery [IND] messages if IND is employed after the successful + establishing of an SVC to gather information about other IPv6 + addresses assigned to the remote node and that SVC. + + (b) Frame Relay Address Format -- used mostly prior to establishing + a new SVC, to get the Frame Relay remote node identifier + (link-layer address) mapping to a certain IPv6 address. + + Note: An implementation may hold both types of link layer + identifiers in the Neighbor Discovery cache. Additionally, in + case of multiple VCs between two nodes, one node's Neighbor + Discovery cache may hold a mapping of one of the remote node's + IPv6 addresses to each and every DLCI identifying the VCs. + + The mechanisms which in such an implementation would make the + distinction between the Neighbor Discovery Cache mapping of an + IPv6 address to a "Frame Relay Address Format" and a "DLCI + Format" link-layer address, or among several mappings to a "DLCI + Format" addresses are beyond the scope of this specification. + + The use of the override "O" bit in the advertisement messages + that contain the above Link-Layer Address formats SHOULD be + consistent with the [ND] specifications. Additionally, there + should be consistency related to the type of Link-Layer Address + format: an implementation should override one address format in + its Neighbor Discovery cache with the same type of address + format. + + The "DLCI Format" is defined as follows: + + 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (bit order) + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 0 | Type | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 1 | Length | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + + + + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 10] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + + with a DLCI (Q.922 address) encoded as option value: + + 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (bit order) + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 2 | | 1 | 1 | + + unused +-----+-----+ + 3 | | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 4 | DLCI(high order) | 0 | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 5 | DLCI(low order) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 6 | | + + Padding + + 7 | (zeros) | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 10 bits DLCI + + 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (bit order) + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 2 | | 1 | 1 | + + unused +-----+-----+ + 3 | | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 4 | DLCI(high order) | 0 | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 5 | DLCI | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 6 | DLCI(low order) | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 7 | unused (set to 0) | 1 | 1 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 17 bits DLCI + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 11] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + + 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (bit order) + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 2 | | 1 | 1 | + + unused +-----+-----+ + 3 | | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 4 | DLCI(high order) | 0 | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+----- + 5 | DLCI | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 6 | DLCI | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 7 | DLCI (low order) | 0 | 1 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + 23 bits DLCI + + + Option fields: + + Type 1 for Source Link-layer address. + 2 for Target Link-layer address. + + Length The Length of the Option (including the Type + and Length fields) in units of 8 octets. + It has the value 1. + + Link-Layer Address The DLCI encoded as a Q.922 address. + + Description + + The "DLCI Format" option value field has two components: + + + (a) Address Type -- encoded in the first two bits of the first + two octets. Both bits are set to 1 to indicate the DLCI + format. The rest of the bits in the two first octets are + not used -- they MUST be set to zero on transmit and MUST + be ignored by the receiver. + + (b) DLCI -- encoded as a Q.922 address padded with zeros to the + last octet of the 6 octets available for the entire Link- + Layer Address field of this format. + + + + + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 12] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + + The "Frame Relay Address Format" is defined as follows: + + 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (bit order) + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 0 | Type | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 1 | Length | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + with an E.164, X.121, number or NSAP address encoded as option + value: + + 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (bit order) + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 2 | size | 1 | 0 | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 3 | E.164 or X.121, or NSAP | + +--- Address Family Number ---+ + 4 | (Assigned Number) | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 5 | | + / E.164, or X.121 number (BCD encoded) / + / or NSAP address / + 4+size | | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + 5+size | | + / Padding / + / (zeros) / + 8*Length-1| | + +-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ + + + Option fields: + + Type 1 for Source Link-layer address. + 2 for Target Link-layer address. + + Length The length of the Option (including the + Type and Length fields) in units of 8 octet. + It may have the value: + + 2 -- for E.164, or X.121 numbers or NSAP + addresses not longer than 11 octets + [E164], [X25], [NSAP]. + + 3 -- for NSAP addresses longer than 11 but + not longer than 19 octets. + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 13] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + + 4 -- for NSAP addresses longer than 19 octets + (not longer than the maximum NSAP address + length) [NSAP]. + + Link-Layer Address The E.164, X.121, number encoded in + Binary Coded Decimal (BCD), or the NSAP + address. + + Description + + The "Frame Relay Address" option value has three components: + + (a) Address Type -- encoded in the first two bits of the first + octet. The first bit is set to 0, the second bit is set to 1. + + (b) Size -- encoded in the last (high order) 6 bits of the first + octet. The maximum value of the field is the maximum size of + the E.164, X.121, or NSAP addresses. + + (c) Address Family Number -- the number assigned for the E.164, + X.121, or NSAP address family [ASSNUM]. + + (d) E.164, X.121, number -- encoded in BCD (two digits per octet). + If the E.164, or X.121 has an even number of digits the + encoding will fill all encoding octets -- half the number of + digits. If the E.164, or X.121 number has an odd number of + digits, the lowest order digit fills only half of an octet -- + it is placed in the first 4 bits of the last octet of the + E.164, or X.121 BCD encoding. The rest of the field up to the + last octet of the 11 octets available is padded with zeros. + + NSAP address -- the NSAP address. It is padded with zeros if + the NSAP address does not fit in a number of octets that makes + the length of the option an even number of 8 octets. + +7. Sending Neighbor Discovery Messages + + Frame Relay networks do not provide link-layer native multicasting + mechanisms. For the correct functioning of the Neighbor Discovery + mechanisms, link-layer multicasting must be emulated. + + To emulate multicasting for Neighbor Discovery (ND) the node MUST + send frames carrying ND multicast packets to all VCs on a Frame Relay + interface. This applies to ND messages addressed to both all-node and + solicited-node multicast addresses. This method works well with PVCs. + A mesh of PVCs MAY be configured and dedicated to multicast traffic + only. An alternative to a mesh of PVCs is a set of point-to- + multipoint PVCs. + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 14] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + +8. Receiving Neighbor Discovery Messages + + If a Neighbor Discovery Solicitation message received by a node + contains the Source link-layer address option with a DLCI, the + message MUST undergo Frame Relay specific preprocessing required for + the correct interpretation of the field during the ND protocol engine + processing. This processing is done before the Neighbor Discovery + message is processed by the Neighbor Discovery (ND) protocol engine. + + The motivation for this processing is the local significance of the + DLCI fields in the Neighbor Discovery message: the DLCI significance + at the sender node is different than the DLCI significance at the + receiver node. In other words, the DLCI that identifies the Frame + Relay virtual circuit at the sender may be different than the DLCI + that identifies the virtual circuit at the receiver node. + Furthermore, the sender node may not be aware of the DLCI value at + the receiver. Therefore, the Frame Relay specific preprocessing + consists in modifying the Neighbor Discovery Solicitation message + received, by storing into the Source link-layer address option the + DLCI value of the virtual circuit on which the frame was received, as + known to the receiver node. The DLCI value being stored must be + encoded in the appropriate format (see previous sections). The + passing of the DLCI value from the Frame Relay module to the Neighbor + Discovery preprocessing module is an implementation choice. + +9. Security Considerations + + The mechanisms defined in this document for generating an IPv6 Frame + Relay interface identifier are intended to provide uniqueness at link + level -- virtual circuit. The protection against duplication is + achieved by way of IPv6 Stateless Autoconfiguration Duplicate Address + Detection mechanisms. Security protection against forgery or accident + at the level of the mechanisms described here is provided by the IPv6 + security mechanisms [IPSEC], [IPSEC-Auth], [IPSEC-ESP] applied to + Neighbor Discovery [IPv6-ND] or Inverse Neighbor Discovery [IND] + messages. + + To avoid an IPsec Authentication verification failure, the Frame + Relay specific preprocessing of a Neighbor Discovery Solicitation + message that contains a DLCI format Source link-layer address option, + MUST be done by the receiver node after it completed IP Security + processing. + + + + + + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 15] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + +10. Acknowledgments + + Thanks to D. Harrington, and M. Merhar for reviewing this document + and providing useful suggestions. Also thanks to G. Armitage for his + reviewing and suggestions. Many thanks also to Thomas Narten for + suggestions on improving the document. + +11. References + + [AARCH] Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "IPv6 Addressing + Architecture", RFC 2373, July 1998. + + [ASSNUM] Reynolds, J. and J. Postel, "Assigned Numbers", STD 2, + RFC 1700, October 1994. See also: + http://www.iana.org/numbers.html + + [AUTOCONF] Thomson, S. and T. Narten, "IPv6 Stateless + Autoconfiguration", RFC 2462, December 1998. + + [CANON] Narten, T. and C. Burton, "A Caution on the Canonical + Ordering of Link-Layer Addresses", RFC 2469, December + 1998. + + [ENCAPS] Brown, C. and A. Malis, "Multiprotocol Interconnect over + Frame Relay", STD 55, RFC 2427, November 1998. + + [IND] Conta, A., "Extensions to IPv6 Neighbor Discovery for + Inverse Discovery", Work in Progress, December 1998. + + [IPv6] Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol Version 6 + Specification", RFC 2460, December 1998. + + [IPv6-ATM] Armitage, G., Schulter, P. and M. Jork, "IPv6 over ATM + Networks", RFC 2492, January 1999. + + [IPv6-ETH] Crawford, M., "Transmission of IPv6 packets over + Ethernet Networks", RFC 2464, December 1998. + + [IPv6-FDDI] Crawford, M., "Transmission of IPv6 packets over FDDI + Networks", RFC 2467, December 1998. + + [IPv6-NBMA] Armitage, G., Schulter, P., Jork, M. and G. Harter, + "IPv6 over Non-Broadcast Multiple Access (NBMA) + networks", RFC 2491, January 1999. + + [IPv6-ND] Narten, T., Nordmark, E. and W. Simpson, "Neighbor + Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 2461, December + 1998. + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 16] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + + [IPv6-PPP] Haskin, D. and E. Allen, "IP Version 6 over PPP", RFC + 2472, December 1998. + + [IPv6-TR] Narten, T., Crawford, M. and M. Thomas, "Transmission + of IPv6 packets over Token Ring Networks", RFC 2470, + December 1998. + + [IPSEC] Atkinson, R. and S. Kent, "Security Architecture for the + Internet Protocol", RFC 2401, November 1998. + + [IPSEC-Auth] Atkinson, R. and S. Kent, "IP Authentication Header", + RFC 2402, December 1998. + + [IPSEC-ESP] Atkinson, R. and S. Kent, "IP Encapsulating Security + Protocol (ESP)", RFC 2406, November 1998. + + [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to indicate + Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. + + [E164] International Telecommunication Union - "Telephone + Network and ISDN Operation, Numbering, Routing, amd + Mobile Service", ITU-T Recommendation E.164, 1991. + + [NSAP] ISO/IEC, "Information Processing Systems -- Data + Communications -- Network Service Definition Addendum 2: + Network Layer Addressing". International Standard + 8348/Addendum 2, ISO/IEC JTC 1, Switzerland 1988. + + [X25] "Information Technology -- Data Communications -- X.25 + Packet Layer Protocol for Data Terminal Equipment", + International Standard 8208, March 1988. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 17] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + +12. Authors' Addresses + + Alex Conta + Lucent Technologies Inc. + 300 Baker Ave, Suite 100 + Concord, MA 01742 + + Phone: +1-978-287-2842 + EMail: aconta@lucent.com + + + Andrew Malis + Ascend Communications + 1 Robbins Rd + Westford, MA 01886 + + Phone: +1-978-952-7414 + EMail: malis@ascend.com + + + Martin Mueller + Lucent Technologies Inc. + 300 Baker Ave, Suite 100 + Concord, MA 01742 + + PHone: +1-978-287-2833 + EMail: memueller@lucent.com + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 18] + +RFC 2590 IPv6 over Frame Relay Networks May 1999 + + +13. Full Copyright Statement + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999). All Rights Reserved. + + This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to + others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it + or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published + and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any + kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are + included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this + document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing + the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other + Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of + developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for + copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be + followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than + English. + + The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be + revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns. + + This document and the information contained herein is provided on an + "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING + TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING + BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION + HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF + MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + +Acknowledgement + + Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the + Internet Society. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Conta, et al. Standards Track [Page 19] + |