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diff --git a/doc/rfc/rfc2717.txt b/doc/rfc/rfc2717.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..801b7d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/rfc/rfc2717.txt @@ -0,0 +1,563 @@ + + + + + + +Network Working Group R. Petke +Request for Comments: 2717 UUNET Technologies +BCP: 35 I. King +Category: Best Current Practice Microsoft Corporation + November 1999 + + + Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names + +Status of this Memo + + This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the + Internet Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for + improvements. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. + +Copyright Notice + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999). All Rights Reserved. + +Abstract + + This document defines the process by which new URL scheme names are + registered. + +1.0 Introduction + + A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a compact string representation + of the location for a resource that is available via the Internet. + RFC 2396 [1] defines the general syntax and semantics of URIs, and, + by inclusion, URLs. URLs are designated by including a "<scheme>:" + and then a "<scheme-specific-part>". Many URL schemes are already + defined, however, new schemes may need to be defined in the future in + order to accommodate new Internet protocols and/or procedures. + + A registration process is needed to ensure that the names of all such + new schemes are guaranteed not to collide. Further, the registration + process ensures that URL schemes intended for wide spread, public use + are developed in an orderly, well-specified, and public manner. + + This document defines the registration procedures to be followed when + new URL schemes are created. A separate document, RFC 2718, + Guidelines for URL Schemes [2], provides guidelines for the creation + of new URL schemes. The primary focus of this document is on the + <scheme> portion of new URL schemes, referred to as the "scheme name" + throughout this document. + + + + + + +Petke & King Best Current Practice [Page 1] + +RFC 2717 Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names November 1999 + + +1.1 Notation + + The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", + "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this + document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. + +2.0 URL Scheme Name Registration Trees + +2.1 General + + In order to increase the efficiency and flexibility of the URL scheme + name registration process, the need is recognized for multiple + registration "trees". The registration requirements and specific + registration procedures for each tree differ, allowing the overall + registration procedure to accommodate the different natural + requirements for URL schemes. For example, a scheme that will be + recommended for wide support and implementation by the Internet + community requires a more complete review than a scheme intended to + be used for resources associated with proprietary software. + + The first step in registering a new URL scheme name is to determine + which registration tree the scheme should be registered in. + Determination of the proper registration tree is based on the + intended use for the new scheme and the desired syntax for the scheme + name. + + This document will discuss in detail the tree that reflects current + practice, under IETF ownership and control. It will also set forth + an outline to assist authors in creating new trees to address + differing needs for wide acceptance and interoperability, ease of + creation and use, and type and "strength" of ownership. + +2.2 The IETF Tree + + The IETF tree is intended for URL schemes of general interest to the + Internet community. The tree exists for URL schemes that require a + substantive review and approval process. It is expected that + applicability statements for particular applications will be + published from time to time that recommend implementation of, and + support for, URL schemes that have proven particularly useful in + those contexts. + + + + + + + + + + +Petke & King Best Current Practice [Page 2] + +RFC 2717 Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names November 1999 + + +2.3 Additional Registration Trees + + From time to time and as required by the community, the IESG may + create new top-level registration trees. These trees may require + significant, little or no registration, and may allow change control + to rest in the hands of individuals or groups other than IETF. A new + tree should only be created if no existing tree can be shown to + address the set of needs of some sector of the community. + +3.0 Requirements for Scheme Name Registration + +3.1 General Requirements + + All new URL schemes, regardless of registration tree, MUST conform to + the generic syntax for URLs as specified in RFC 2396. + +3.2 The IETF Tree + + Registration in the IETF tree requires publication of the URL scheme + syntax and semantics in either an Informational or Standards Track + RFC. In general, the creation of a new URL scheme requires a + Standards Track RFC. An Informational RFC may be employed for + registration only in the case of a URL scheme which is already in + wide usage and meets other standards set forth in RFC 2718, such as + "demonstrated utility" within the Internet Architecture; the IESG + shall have broad discretion in determining whether an Informational + RFC is suitable in any given case, and may either recommend changes + to such document prior to publication, or reject it for publication. + An Informational RFC purporting to describe a URL scheme shall not be + published without IESG approval. This is a departure from practice + for Informational RFCs as set forth in RFC 2026, for the purpose of + ensuring that the registration of URL schemes shall serve the best + interests of the Internet community. + + The NAMES of schemes registered in the IETF tree MUST NOT contain the + dash (also known as the hyphen and minus sign) character ('-') + USASCII value 2Dh. Use of this character can cause confusion with + schemes registered in alternative trees (see section 3.3). + + An analysis of the security issues inherent in the new URL scheme is + REQUIRED. (This is in accordance with the basic requirements for all + IETF protocols.) URL schemes registered in the IETF tree should not + introduce additional security risks into the Internet Architecture. + For example, URLs should not embed information which should remain + confidential, such as passwords, nor should new schemes subvert the + security of existing schemes or protocols (i.e. by layering or + tunneling). + + + + +Petke & King Best Current Practice [Page 3] + +RFC 2717 Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names November 1999 + + + The "owner" of a URL scheme name registered in the IETF tree is + assumed to be the IETF itself. Modification or alteration of the + specification requires the same level of processing (e.g. + Informational or Standards Track RFC) as used for the initial + registration. Schemes originally defined via an Informational RFC + may, however, be replaced with Standards Track documents. + +3.3 Alternative Trees + + While public exposure and review of a URL scheme created in an + alternative tree is not required, using the IETF Internet-Draft + mechanism for peer review is strongly encouraged to improve the + quality of the specification. RFC publication of alternative tree + URL schemes is encouraged but not required. Material may be + published as an Informational RFC by sending it to the RFC Editor + (please follow the instructions to RFC authors, RFC 2223 [3]). + + The defining document for an alternative tree may require public + exposure and/or review for schemes defined in that tree via a + mechanism other than the IETF Internet-Draft mechanism. + + URL schemes created in an alternative tree must conform to the + generic URL syntax, RFC 2396. The tree's defining document may set + forth additional syntax and semantics requirements above and beyond + those specified in RFC 2396. + + All new URL schemes SHOULD follow the Guidelines for URL Schemes, set + forth in RFC 2718 [2]. + + An analysis of the security issues inherent in the new URL scheme is + encouraged. Regardless of what security analysis is or is not + performed, all descriptions of security issues must be as accurate as + possible. In particular, a statement that there are "no security + issues associated with this scheme" must not be confused with "the + security issues associates with this scheme have not been assessed" + or "the security issues associated with this scheme cannot be + predicted because of <reason>". + + There is absolutely no requirement that URL schemes created in an + alternative tree be secure or completely free from risks. + Nevertheless, the tree's defining document must set forth the + standard for security considerations, and in any event all known + security risks SHOULD be identified. + + Change control must be defined for a new tree. Change control may be + vested in the IETF, or in an individual, group or other entity. The + change control standard for the tree must be approved by the IESG. + + + + +Petke & King Best Current Practice [Page 4] + +RFC 2717 Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names November 1999 + + + The syntax for alternative trees shall be as follows: each tree will + be identified by a unique prefix, which must be established in the + same fashion as a URL scheme name in the IETF tree, except that the + prefix must be defined by a Standards Track document. Scheme names + in the new tree are then constructed by prepending the prefix to an + identifier unique to each scheme in that tree, as prescribed by that + tree's identifying document: + + <prefix>'-'<tree-specific identifier> + + For instance, the "foo" tree would allow creation of scheme names of + the form: "foo-blahblah:" and "foo-bar:", where the tree prescribes + an arbitrary USASCII string following the tree's unique prefix. + +4.0 Registration Procedures + +4.1 The IETF Tree + + The first step in registering a new URL scheme in the IETF tree is to + publish an IETF Internet-Draft detailing the syntax and semantics of + the proposed scheme. The draft must, minimally, address all of the + items covered by the template provided in section 6 of this document. + + After all issues raised during a review period of no less than 4 + weeks have been addressed, submit the draft to the IESG for review. + + The IESG will review the proposed new scheme and either refer the + scheme to a working group (existing or new) or directly present the + scheme to the IESG for a last call. In the former case, the working + group is responsible for submitting a final version of the draft to + the IESG for approval at such time as it has received adequate review + and deliberation. + +4.2 Alternative Trees + + Registration of URL schemes created in an alternative tree may be + formal, through IETF documents, IANA registration, or other + acknowledged organization; informal, through a mailing list or other + publication mechanism; or nonexistent. The registration mechanism + must be documented for each alternative tree, and must be consistent + for all URL scheme names created in that tree. + + It is the responsibility of the creator of the tree's registration + requirements to establish that the registration mechanism is workable + as described; it is within the discretion of the IESG to reject the + document describing a tree if it determines the registration + mechanism is impractical or creates an undue burden on a party who + + + + +Petke & King Best Current Practice [Page 5] + +RFC 2717 Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names November 1999 + + + will not accept it. (For instance, if an IANA registration mechanism + is proposed, IESG might reject the tree if its mechanism would create + undue liability on the part of IANA.) + + While the template in section 6 of this document is intended to apply + to URL scheme names in the IETF tree, it is also offered as a + guideline for those documenting alternative trees. + +5.0 Change Control + +5.1 Schemes in the IETF Tree + + URL schemes created in the IETF tree are "owned" by the IETF itself + and may be changed, as needed, by updating the RFC that describes + them. Schemes described by Standards Track RFC but be replaced with + new Standards Track RFCs. Informational RFCs may be replaced by new + Informational RFCs or Standards Track RFCs. + +5.2 Schemes in Alternative Trees + + URL schemes in an alternative tree that are undocumented (as allowed + by that tree's rules) may be changed by their owner at any time + without notifying the IETF. + + URL schemes created in an alternative tree that have been documented + by an Informational RFC, may be changed at any time by the owner, + however, an updated Informational RFC which details the changes made, + must be submitted to the IESG. + + The owner of a URL scheme registered in an alternative tree and + documented by an Informational RFC may pass responsibility for the + registration to another person or agency by informing the IESG. + + The IESG may reassign responsibility for a URL scheme registered in + an alternative tree and documented by an Informational RFC. The most + common case of this will be to enable changes to be made to schemes + where the scheme name is privately owned by the rules of its tree, + and the owner of the scheme name has died, moved out of contact or is + otherwise unable to make changes that are important to the community. + + The IESG may reclassify a URL scheme created in an alternative tree + and documented via an Informational RFC as "historic" if it + determines that the scheme is no longer in use. + + + + + + + + +Petke & King Best Current Practice [Page 6] + +RFC 2717 Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names November 1999 + + +6.0 Registration Template + + The following issues should be addressed when documenting a new URL + scheme: + + URL scheme name. + + URL scheme syntax. This should be expressed in a clear and + concise manner. The use of ABNF is encouraged. Please refer to + RFC 2718 for guidance on designing and explaining your scheme's + syntax. + + Character encoding considerations. It is important to identify + what your scheme supports in this regard. It is obvious that for + interoperability, it is best if there is a means to support + character sets beyond USASCII, but especially for private schemes, + this may not be the case. + + Intended usage. What sort of resource is being identified? If + this is not a 'resource' type of URL (e.g. mailto:), explain the + action that should be initiated by the consumer of the URL. If + there is a MIME type associated with this resource, please + identify it. + + Applications and/or protocols which use this URL scheme name. + Including references to documentation which defines the + applications and/or protocols cited is especially useful. + + Interoperability considerations. If you are aware of any details + regarding your scheme which might impact interoperability, please + identify them here. For example: proprietary or uncommon encoding + method; inability to support multibyte character sets; + incompatibility with types or versions of underlying protocol (if + scheme is tunneled over another protocol). + + Security considerations. + + Relevant publications. + + Person & email address to contact for further information. + + Author/Change controller. + + Applications and/or protocols which use this URL scheme name. + + + + + + + +Petke & King Best Current Practice [Page 7] + +RFC 2717 Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names November 1999 + + +7.0 Security Considerations + + Information that creates or updates a registration needs to be + authenticated. + + Information concerning possible security vulnerabilities of a + protocol may change over time. Consequently, claims as to the + security properties of a registered URL scheme may change as well. + As new vulnerabilities are discovered, information about such + vulnerabilities may need to be attached to existing documentation, so + that users are not misled as to the true security properties of a + registered URL scheme. + + If the IESG agrees to delegate the registration and change control + functions of an alternative tree to a group or individual outside of + the IETF, that group or individual should have sufficient security + procedures in place to authenticate registration changes. + +8.0 References + + [1] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R. and L. Masinter, "Uniform Resource + Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax", RFC 2396, August 1998. + + [2] Masinter, L., Alvestrand, H., Zigmond, D. and R. Petke, + "Guidelines for new URL Schemes", RFC 2718, November 1999. + + [3] Postel, J. and J. Reynolds, "Instructions to RFC Authors", RFC + 2223, October 1997. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Petke & King Best Current Practice [Page 8] + +RFC 2717 Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names November 1999 + + +9.0 Authors' Addresses + + Rich Petke + UUNET Technologies + 5000 Britton Road + P. O. Box 5000 + Hilliard, OH 43026-5000 + USA + + Phone: +1 614 723 4157 + Fax: +1 614 723 8407 + EMail: rpetke@wcom.net + + + Ian King + Microsoft Corporation + One Microsoft Way + Redmond, WA 98052-6399 + USA + Phone: +1 425-703-2293 + Fax: +1 425-936-7329 + EMail: iking@microsoft.com + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Petke & King Best Current Practice [Page 9] + +RFC 2717 Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names November 1999 + + +10. Full Copyright Statement + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1999). All Rights Reserved. + + This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to + others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it + or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published + and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any + kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are + included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this + document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing + the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other + Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of + developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for + copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be + followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than + English. + + The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be + revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns. + + This document and the information contained herein is provided on an + "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING + TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING + BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION + HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF + MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + +Acknowledgement + + Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the + Internet Society. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Petke & King Best Current Practice [Page 10] + |