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diff --git a/doc/rfc/rfc2787.txt b/doc/rfc/rfc2787.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..17020c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/rfc/rfc2787.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1739 @@ + + + + + + +Network Working Group B. Jewell +Request for Comments: 2787 Copper Mountain Networks, Inc. +Category: Standards Track D. Chuang + CoSine Communications + March 2000 + + + Definitions of Managed Objects for the + Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol + +Status of this Memo + + This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the + Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for + improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet + Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state + and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. + +Copyright Notice + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved. + +Abstract + + This specification defines an extension to the Management Information + Base (MIB) for use with SNMP-based network management. In + particular, it defines objects for configuring, monitoring, and + controlling routers that employ the Virtual Router Redundancy + Protocol (VRRP) [17]. + + This memo specifies a MIB module in a manner that is compliant with + SMIv2 [5], and semantically identical to the SMIv1 definitions [2]. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 1] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + +Table of Contents + + 1 The SNMP Network Management Framework ................. 2 + 2 Overview .............................................. 3 + 2.1 VRRP MIB Structure .................................. 3 + 2.2 Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol .................. 4 + 2.3 VRRP MIB Table Design ............................... 4 + 2.3.1 Relation to Interface Group ....................... 5 + 2.4 VRRP Scenarios ...................................... 5 + 2.4.1 Scenario #1 ....................................... 5 + 2.4.2 Scenario #2 ....................................... 8 + 3 Definitions ........................................... 11 + 4 Security Considerations ............................... 27 + 5 Acknowledgements ...................................... 28 + 6 References ............................................ 28 + 7 Authors' Addresses .................................... 30 + 8 Intellectual Property Statement........................ 30 + 9 Full Copyright Statement............................... 31 + +1. The SNMP Management Framework + + The SNMP Management Framework presently consists of five major + components: + + o An overall architecture, described in RFC 2571 [1]. + + o Mechanisms for describing and naming objects and events for the + purpose of management. The first version of this Structure of + Management Information (SMI) is called SMIv1 and described in STD + 16, RFC 1155 [2], STD 16, RFC 1212 [3] and RFC 1215 [4]. The second + version, called SMIv2, is described in STD 58, RFC 2578 [5], STD + 58, RFC 2579 [6] and STD 58, RFC 2580 [7]. + + o Message protocols for transferring management information. The + first version of the SNMP message protocol is called SNMPv1 and + described in STD 15, RFC 1157 [8]. A second version of the SNMP + message protocol, which is not an Internet standards track + protocol, is called SNMPv2c and described in RFC 1901 [9] and RFC + 1906 [10]. The third version of the message protocol is called + SNMPv3 and described in RFC 1906 [10], RFC 2572 [11] and RFC 2574 + [12]. + + o Protocol operations for accessing management information. The first + set of protocol operations and associated PDU formats is described + in STD 15, RFC 1157 [8]. A second set of protocol operations and + associated PDU formats is described in RFC 1905 [13]. + + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 2] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + o A set of fundamental applications described in RFC 2573 [14] and + the view-based access control mechanism described in RFC 2575 [15]. + + A more detailed introduction to the current SNMP Management Framework + can be found in RFC 2570 [16]. + + Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed + the Management Information Base or MIB. Objects in the MIB are + defined using the mechanisms defined in the SMI. + + This memo specifies a MIB module that is compliant to the SMIv2. A + MIB conforming to the SMIv1 can be produced through the appropriate + translations. The resulting translated MIB must be semantically + equivalent, except where objects or events are omitted because no + translation is possible (use of Counter64). Some machine readable + information in SMIv2 will be converted into textual descriptions in + SMIv1 during the translation process. However, this loss of machine + readable information is not considered to change the semantics of the + MIB. + +2. Overview + + This memo identifies the set of objects for configuring, monitoring, + and controlling the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), as + defined in RFC 2338 [17]. + + VRRP specifies an election protocol that will allow one or more + associated IP addresses to be assumed by another router in the event + of a failure of the IP address(es) owner. Thus, IP traffic from a + host using a failed router as a default gateway is transparently + fowarded by the VRRP router that has assumed control. VRRP provides + redundancy in routed networks without requiring configuration of + dynamic routing or router discovery protocols on every end-host. + + Since the VRRP protocol is intended for use with IPv4 routers only, + this MIB uses the SYNTAX for IP addresses which is specific to IPv4. + Thus, changes will be required for this MIB to interoperate in an + IPv6 environment. + +2.1. VRRP MIB Structure + + The VRRP MIB contains three conformance groups: + + - vrrpOperations Group: Objects related to VRRP router's + configuration and control. + + - vrrpStatistics Group: Objects containing information useful in + monitoring the operation of VRRP routers. + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 3] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + - vrrpNotifications Group: Consists of objects and definitions for + use in SNMP notifications sent by VRRP routers. + + Tables in the MIB include the following: + + (1) The vrrpOperTable, which contains objects that define the + operational characteristics of a VRRP router. Rows in this table + correspond to instances of virtual routers. + + (2) The vrrpAssoIpAddrTable, which contains the addresses of the + virtual router(s) that a given VRRP router is backing up. + + (3) The vrrpRouterStatsTable which contains the operating statistics + for a VRRP router. + +2.2. Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol + + This MIB is based on the following characteristics of VRRP as defined + in the VRRP specification [17]. + + - A "VRRP router" is one that is configured to run the VRRP protocol + in conjunction with one or more other VRRP routers attached to a + LAN. + + - A VRRP router can be running one or more instances of a virtual + router. + + - A "virtual router" is an abstraction which consists of two or more + physical routers associated by a Virtual Router Identifier (VRID). + + - An instance of a virtual router (on a physical VRRP router), can be + uniquely identified by a combination of the 'ifIndex' [18] and + "Virtual Router Identifier" (VRID). + + - For each VRID there is a set of one or more "associated IP + addresses" that are backed-up by the virtual router. + +2.3. VRRP MIB Table Design + + The tables in the VRRP MIB are structured with the assumption that a + VRRP network management application would likely be designed to + display information or provide configuration about a VRRP router on a + "per-virtual-router basis". Thus, the tables defined in the MIB + consist of conceptual rows which are grouped in a manner to present a + view of individual virtual routers with a minimal number of SNMP + operations. + + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 4] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + +2.3.1. Relation to Interface Group (RFC 2233) [18]. + + Since a router can be participating in VRRP on one or more physical + interfaces, "ifIndex" is used as an index into the tables defined in + the VRRP MIB. + +2.4. VRRP Scenarios + + The following section provides examples of how some of the objects in + this MIB are instantiated for two different VRRP scenarios. + + KEY: + ---- + + The labels in the following tables and diagrams correspond to the + actual MIB objects as follows: + + if = vrrpOperIfIndex + VrId = vrrpOperVrId + State = vrrpOperState + Prior = vrrpOperPriority + AddrCnt = vrrpOperIpAddrCount + IpAddr = vrrpOperMasterIpAddr + RowStat = vrrpOperRowStatus + +2.4.1. VRRP Scenario #1 + + The following figure shows a simple network with two VRRP routers + configured with two virtual routers. This sample topology is taken + from the VRRP specification [17]. Addresses in '()' indicate the IP + address of the default gateway for a given host, H1 - H4. In the + diagram, "Interface" is used in the context defined in IF-MIB [18]. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 5] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + VRID=1 VRID=2 + +-----+ +-----+ + | MR1 | | MR2 | + | & | | & | + | BR2 | | BR1 | + +-----+ +-----+ + IP A ---------->* *<---------- IP B + Interface=I1 | | Interface=I2 + | | + | | + ------------------+------------+-----+--------+--------+--------+-- + ^ ^ ^ ^ + | | | | + (IP A) (IP A) (IP A) (IP A) + | | | | + +--+--+ +--+--+ +--+--+ +--+--+ + | H1 | | H2 | | H3 | | H4 | + +-----+ +-----+ +--+--+ +--+--+ + + + + ----- MIB Tables For VRRP Router "IP A": ----- + + vrrpOperTable + ------------- + + | if | VrId | State | Prior | AddrCnt | IpAddr | ... | RowStat | + +----+------+-------+-------+---------+--------+-( )-+---------+ + | | | | | | | | | + | I1 | 01 | M | 255 | 1 | A | | active | + | | | | | | | | | + +----+------+-------+-------+---------+--------+-( )-+---------+ + | | | | | | | | | + | I1 | 02 | B | 1-254 | 1 | B | | active | + | | | | | | | | | + +----+------+-------+-------+---------+--------+-( )-+---------+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 6] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + vrrpAssoIpAddrTable + ------------------- + + | if | VrId | IP | RowStat | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + | | | | | + | I1 | 01 | A | active | + | | | | | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + | | | | | + | I1 | 02 | B | active | + | | | | | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + + + + ----- MIB Tables For VRRP Router "IP B": ----- + + vrrpOperTable + ------------- + + | if | VrId | State | Prior | AddrCnt | IpAddr | ... | RowStat | + +----+------+-------+-------+---------+--------+-( )-+---------+ + | | | | | | | | | + | I2 | 01 | B | 1-254 | 1 | A | | active | + | | | | | | | | | + +----+------+-------+-------+---------+--------+-( )-+---------+ + | | | | | | | | | + | I2 | 02 | M | 255 | 1 | B | | active | + | | | | | | | | | + +----+------+-------+-------+---------+--------+-( )-+---------+ + + vrrpAssoIpAddrTable + ------------------- + + | if | VrId | IP | RowStat | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + | | | | | + | I2 | 01 | A | active | + | | | | | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + | | | | | + | I2 | 02 | B | active | + | | | | | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + + + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 7] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + NOTES: + + 1) "I1" and "I2" are used to designate IF indices on each respective + router. + + 2) For "State": M = Master; B = Backup. + + 3) In the vrrpOperTable, a "priority" of 255 indicates that the + respective router owns the IP address, e.g., this IP address is + native to the router (i.e., "the IP Address Owner" [17]). + +2.4.2. VRRP Scenario #2 + + The following figure shows a simple network with two virtual routers. + Here, a single interface has been configured with two IP addresses. + Again, addresses in () indicate the IP address of the default gateway + for a given host, H1 - H2. + + VRID=1 VRID=2 + +-----+ +-----+ + | MR1 | | MR2 | + | & | | & | + | BR2 | | BR1 | + +-----+ +-----+ + IP A ---------->* *<---------- IP B + IP C | | Interface=I2 + Interface=I1 | | + | | + | | + ------------------+------------+-----+--------+ + ^ ^ + | | + (IP A) (IP B) + | | + +--+--+ +--+--+ + | H1 | | H2 | + +-----+ +-----+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 8] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + ----- MIB Tables For VRRP Router "IP A": ----- + + vrrpOperTable + ------------- + + | if | VrId | State | Prior | AddrCnt | IpAddr | ... | RowStat | + +----+------+-------+-------+---------+--------+-( )-+---------+ + | | | | | | | | | + | I1 | 01 | M | 255 | 2 | A | | active | + | | | | | | | | | + +----+------+-------+-------+---------+--------+-( )-+---------+ + | | | | | | | | | + | I1 | 02 | B | 1-254 | 1 | B | | active | + | | | | | | | | | + +----+------+-------+-------+---------+--------+-( )-+---------+ + + vrrpAssoIpAddrTable + ------------------- + + | if | VrId | IP | RowStat | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + | | | | | + | I1 | 01 | A | active | + | | | | | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + | | | | | + | I1 | 01 | C | active | + | | | | | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + | | | | | + | I1 | 02 | B | active | + | | | | | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 9] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + ----- MIB Tables For VRRP Router "IP B": ----- + + vrrpOperTable + ------------- + + | if | VrId | State | Prior | AddrCnt | IpAddr | ... | RowStat | + +----+------+-------+-------+---------+--------+-( )-+---------+ + | | | | | | | | | + | I2 | 01 | B | 1-254 | 2 | A | | active | + | | | | | | | | | + +----+------+-------+-------+---------+--------+-( )-+---------+ + | | | | | | | | | + | I2 | 02 | M | 255 | 1 | B | | active | + | | | | | | | | | + +----+------+-------+-------+---------+--------+-( )-+---------+ + + vrrpAssoIpAddrTable + ------------------- + + | if | VrId | IP | RowStat | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + | | | | | + | I2 | 01 | A | active | + | | | | | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + | | | | | + | I2 | 01 | C | active | + | | | | | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + | | | | | + | I2 | 02 | B | active | + | | | | | + +----+------+-------+---------+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 10] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + +3. Definitions + +VRRP-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN + + IMPORTS + MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE, + NOTIFICATION-TYPE, Counter32, + Integer32, IpAddress, mib-2 FROM SNMPv2-SMI + + TEXTUAL-CONVENTION, RowStatus, + MacAddress, TruthValue, TimeStamp FROM SNMPv2-TC + + MODULE-COMPLIANCE, OBJECT-GROUP, + NOTIFICATION-GROUP FROM SNMPv2-CONF + ifIndex FROM IF-MIB; + + + vrrpMIB MODULE-IDENTITY + LAST-UPDATED "200003030000Z" + ORGANIZATION "IETF VRRP Working Group" + CONTACT-INFO + "Brian R. Jewell + Postal: Copper Mountain Networks, Inc. + 2470 Embarcadero Way + Palo Alto, California 94303 + Tel: +1 650 687 3367 + E-Mail: bjewell@coppermountain.com" + + DESCRIPTION + "This MIB describes objects used for managing Virtual Router + Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) routers." + REVISION "200003030000Z" -- 03 Mar 2000 + DESCRIPTION "Initial version as published in RFC 2787." + ::= { mib-2 68 } + +-- ******************************************************************* +-- Textual Conventions +-- ******************************************************************* + + VrId ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "A number which, along with an interface index (ifIndex), + serves to uniquely identify a virtual router on a given VRRP + router. A set of one or more associated addresses is assigned + to a VRID." + SYNTAX Integer32 (1..255) + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 11] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + +-- ******************************************************************* +-- VRRP MIB Groups +-- ******************************************************************* + + vrrpOperations OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vrrpMIB 1 } + vrrpStatistics OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vrrpMIB 2 } + vrrpConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vrrpMIB 3 } + + +-- ******************************************************************* +-- Start of MIB objects +-- ******************************************************************* + + vrrpNodeVersion OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This value identifies the particular version of the VRRP + supported by this node." + ::= { vrrpOperations 1 } + + vrrpNotificationCntl OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + enabled (1), + disabled (2) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-write + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Indicates whether the VRRP-enabled router will generate + SNMP traps for events defined in this MIB. 'Enabled' + results in SNMP traps; 'disabled', no traps are sent." + DEFVAL { enabled } + ::= { vrrpOperations 2 } + +-- ******************************************************************* +-- VRRP Operations Table +-- ******************************************************************* + + vrrpOperTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VrrpOperEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Operations table for a VRRP router which consists of a + sequence (i.e., one or more conceptual rows) of + 'vrrpOperEntry' items." + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 12] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + ::= { vrrpOperations 3 } + + vrrpOperEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX VrrpOperEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "An entry in the vrrpOperTable containing the operational + characteristics of a virtual router. On a VRRP router, + a given virtual router is identified by a combination + of the IF index and VRID. + + Rows in the table cannot be modified unless the value + of `vrrpOperAdminState' is `disabled' and the + `vrrpOperState' has transitioned to `initialize'." + + INDEX { ifIndex, vrrpOperVrId } + ::= { vrrpOperTable 1 } + + VrrpOperEntry ::= + SEQUENCE { + vrrpOperVrId + VrId, + vrrpOperVirtualMacAddr + MacAddress, + vrrpOperState + INTEGER, + vrrpOperAdminState + INTEGER, + vrrpOperPriority + Integer32, + vrrpOperIpAddrCount + Integer32, + vrrpOperMasterIpAddr + IpAddress, + vrrpOperPrimaryIpAddr + IpAddress, + vrrpOperAuthType + INTEGER, + vrrpOperAuthKey + OCTET STRING, + vrrpOperAdvertisementInterval + Integer32, + vrrpOperPreemptMode + TruthValue, + vrrpOperVirtualRouterUpTime + TimeStamp, + vrrpOperProtocol + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 13] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + INTEGER, + vrrpOperRowStatus + RowStatus + } + + vrrpOperVrId OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX VrId + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object contains the Virtual Router Identifier (VRID)." + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 1 } + + vrrpOperVirtualMacAddr OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX MacAddress + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The virtual MAC address of the virtual router. Although this + object can be derived from the 'vrrpOperVrId' object, it is + defined so that it is easily obtainable by a management + application and can be included in VRRP-related SNMP traps." + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 2 } + + vrrpOperState OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + initialize(1), + backup(2), + master(3) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + + DESCRIPTION + "The current state of the virtual router. This object has + three defined values: + + - `initialize', which indicates that all the + virtual router is waiting for a startup event. + + - `backup', which indicates the virtual router is + monitoring the availability of the master router. + + - `master', which indicates that the virtual router + is forwarding packets for IP addresses that are + associated with this router. + + Setting the `vrrpOperAdminState' object (below) initiates + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 14] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + transitions in the value of this object." + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 3 } + + vrrpOperAdminState OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + up(1), + down(2) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object will enable/disable the virtual router + function. Setting the value to `up', will transition + the state of the virtual router from `initialize' to `backup' + or `master', depending on the value of `vrrpOperPriority'. + Setting the value to `down', will transition the + router from `master' or `backup' to `initialize'. State + transitions may not be immediate; they sometimes depend on + other factors, such as the interface (IF) state. + + The `vrrpOperAdminState' object must be set to `down' prior + to modifying the other read-create objects in the conceptual + row. The value of the `vrrpOperRowStatus' object (below) + must be `active', signifying that the conceptual row + is valid (i.e., the objects are correctly set), + in order for this object to be set to `up'." + DEFVAL { down } + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 4 } + + vrrpOperPriority OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (0..255) + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This object specifies the priority to be used for the + virtual router master election process. Higher values imply + higher priority. + + A priority of '0', although not settable, is sent by + the master router to indicate that this router has ceased + to participate in VRRP and a backup virtual router should + transition to become a new master. + + A priority of 255 is used for the router that owns the + associated IP address(es)." + DEFVAL { 100 } + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 5 } + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 15] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + vrrpOperIpAddrCount OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (0..255) + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The number of IP addresses that are associated with this + virtual router. This number is equal to the number of rows + in the vrrpAssoIpAddrTable that correspond to a given IF + index/VRID pair." + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 6 } + + vrrpOperMasterIpAddr OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX IpAddress + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The master router's real (primary) IP address. This is + the IP address listed as the source in VRRP advertisement + last received by this virtual router." + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 7 } + + vrrpOperPrimaryIpAddr OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX IpAddress + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "In the case where there is more than one IP address for + a given `ifIndex', this object is used to specify the IP + address that will become the `vrrpOperMasterIpAddr', should + the virtual router transition from backup to master. If + this object is set to 0.0.0.0, the IP address which is + numerically lowest will be selected." + DEFVAL { '00000000'H } -- 0.0.0.0 + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 8 } + + vrrpOperAuthType OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + noAuthentication(1), -- VRRP protocol exchanges are not + -- authenticated. + simpleTextPassword(2), -- Exchanges are authenticated by a + -- clear text password. + ipAuthenticationHeader(3) -- Exchanges are authenticated using + -- the IP authentication header. + } + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 16] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + "Authentication type used for VRRP protocol exchanges between + virtual routers. This value of this object is the same for a + given ifIndex. + + New enumerations to this list can only be added via a new + RFC on the standards track." + DEFVAL { noAuthentication } + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 9 } + + vrrpOperAuthKey OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX OCTET STRING (SIZE (0..16)) + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The Authentication Key. This object is set according to + the value of the 'vrrpOperAuthType' object + ('simpleTextPassword' or 'ipAuthenticationHeader'). If the + length of the value is less than 16 octets, the agent will + left adjust and zero fill to 16 octets. The value of this + object is the same for a given ifIndex. + + When read, vrrpOperAuthKey always returns an Octet String + of length zero." + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 10 } + + vrrpOperAdvertisementInterval OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Integer32 (1..255) + UNITS "seconds" + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The time interval, in seconds, between sending + advertisement messages. Only the master router sends + VRRP advertisements." + DEFVAL { 1 } + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 11 } + + vrrpOperPreemptMode OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX TruthValue + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Controls whether a higher priority virtual router will + preempt a lower priority master." + DEFVAL { true } + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 12 } + + vrrpOperVirtualRouterUpTime OBJECT-TYPE + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 17] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + SYNTAX TimeStamp + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "This is the value of the `sysUpTime' object when this + virtual router (i.e., the `vrrpOperState') transitioned + out of `initialized'." + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 13 } + + vrrpOperProtocol OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + ip (1), + bridge (2), + decnet (3), + other (4) + } + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The particular protocol being controlled by this Virtual + Router. + + New enumerations to this list can only be added via a new + RFC on the standards track." + DEFVAL { ip } + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 14 } + + vrrpOperRowStatus OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX RowStatus + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The row status variable, used in accordance to installation + and removal conventions for conceptual rows. The rowstatus of + a currently active row in the vrrpOperTable is constrained + by the operational state of the corresponding virtual router. + When `vrrpOperRowStatus' is set to active(1), no other + objects in the conceptual row, with the exception of + `vrrpOperAdminState', can be modified. Prior to setting the + `vrrpOperRowStatus' object from `active' to a different value, + the `vrrpOperAdminState' object must be set to `down' and the + `vrrpOperState' object be transitioned to `initialize'. + + To create a row in this table, a manager sets this object + to either createAndGo(4) or createAndWait(5). Until instances + of all corresponding columns are appropriately configured, + the value of the corresponding instance of the `vrrpOperRowStatus' + column will be read as notReady(3). + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 18] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + In particular, a newly created row cannot be made active(1) + until (minimally) the corresponding instance of + `vrrpOperVrId' has been set and there is at least one active + row in the `vrrpAssoIpAddrTable' defining an associated + IP address for the virtual router." + ::= { vrrpOperEntry 15 } + + +-- ******************************************************************* +-- VRRP Associated IP Address Table +-- ******************************************************************* + + vrrpAssoIpAddrTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VrrpAssoIpAddrEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The table of addresses associated with this virtual router." + ::= { vrrpOperations 4 } + + vrrpAssoIpAddrEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX VrrpAssoIpAddrEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "An entry in the table contains an IP address that is + associated with a virtual router. The number of rows for + a given ifIndex and VrId will equal the number of IP + addresses associated (e.g., backed up) by the virtual + router (equivalent to 'vrrpOperIpAddrCount'). + + Rows in the table cannot be modified unless the value + of `vrrpOperAdminState' is `disabled' and the + `vrrpOperState' has transitioned to `initialize'." + + INDEX { ifIndex, vrrpOperVrId, vrrpAssoIpAddr } + ::= { vrrpAssoIpAddrTable 1 } + + VrrpAssoIpAddrEntry ::= + SEQUENCE { + vrrpAssoIpAddr + IpAddress, + vrrpAssoIpAddrRowStatus + RowStatus + } + + vrrpAssoIpAddr OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX IpAddress + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 19] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The assigned IP addresses that a virtual router is + responsible for backing up." + ::= { vrrpAssoIpAddrEntry 1 } + + vrrpAssoIpAddrRowStatus OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX RowStatus + MAX-ACCESS read-create + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The row status variable, used according to installation + and removal conventions for conceptual rows. Setting this + object to active(1) or createAndGo(4) results in the + addition of an associated address for a virtual router. + Destroying the entry or setting it to notInService(2) + removes the associated address from the virtual router. + The use of other values is implementation-dependent." + ::= { vrrpAssoIpAddrEntry 2 } + + +-- ******************************************************************* +-- VRRP Router Statistics +-- ******************************************************************* + + vrrpRouterChecksumErrors OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of VRRP packets received with an invalid + VRRP checksum value." + ::= { vrrpStatistics 1 } + + vrrpRouterVersionErrors OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of VRRP packets received with an unknown + or unsupported version number." + ::= { vrrpStatistics 2 } + + vrrpRouterVrIdErrors OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 20] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of VRRP packets received with an invalid + VRID for this virtual router." + ::= { vrrpStatistics 3 } + +-- ******************************************************************* +-- VRRP Router Statistics Table +-- ******************************************************************* + + vrrpRouterStatsTable OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX SEQUENCE OF VrrpRouterStatsEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Table of virtual router statistics." + ::= { vrrpStatistics 4 } + + vrrpRouterStatsEntry OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX VrrpRouterStatsEntry + MAX-ACCESS not-accessible + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "An entry in the table, containing statistics information + about a given virtual router." + AUGMENTS { vrrpOperEntry } + ::= { vrrpRouterStatsTable 1 } + + VrrpRouterStatsEntry ::= + SEQUENCE { + vrrpStatsBecomeMaster + Counter32, + vrrpStatsAdvertiseRcvd + Counter32, + vrrpStatsAdvertiseIntervalErrors + Counter32, + vrrpStatsAuthFailures + Counter32, + vrrpStatsIpTtlErrors + Counter32, + vrrpStatsPriorityZeroPktsRcvd + Counter32, + vrrpStatsPriorityZeroPktsSent + Counter32, + vrrpStatsInvalidTypePktsRcvd + Counter32, + vrrpStatsAddressListErrors + Counter32, + vrrpStatsInvalidAuthType + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 21] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + Counter32, + vrrpStatsAuthTypeMismatch + Counter32, + vrrpStatsPacketLengthErrors + Counter32 + } + + vrrpStatsBecomeMaster OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of times that this virtual router's state + has transitioned to MASTER." + ::= { vrrpRouterStatsEntry 1 } + + vrrpStatsAdvertiseRcvd OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of VRRP advertisements received by this + virtual router." + ::= { vrrpRouterStatsEntry 2 } + + vrrpStatsAdvertiseIntervalErrors OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of VRRP advertisement packets received + for which the advertisement interval is different than the + one configured for the local virtual router." + ::= { vrrpRouterStatsEntry 3 } + + vrrpStatsAuthFailures OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of VRRP packets received that do not pass + the authentication check." + ::= { vrrpRouterStatsEntry 4 } + + vrrpStatsIpTtlErrors OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 22] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of VRRP packets received by the virtual + router with IP TTL (Time-To-Live) not equal to 255." + ::= { vrrpRouterStatsEntry 5 } + + vrrpStatsPriorityZeroPktsRcvd OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of VRRP packets received by the virtual + router with a priority of '0'." + ::= { vrrpRouterStatsEntry 6 } + + vrrpStatsPriorityZeroPktsSent OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of VRRP packets sent by the virtual router + with a priority of '0'." + ::= { vrrpRouterStatsEntry 7 } + + vrrpStatsInvalidTypePktsRcvd OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The number of VRRP packets received by the virtual router + with an invalid value in the 'type' field." + ::= { vrrpRouterStatsEntry 8 } + + vrrpStatsAddressListErrors OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of packets received for which the address + list does not match the locally configured list for the + virtual router." + ::= { vrrpRouterStatsEntry 9 } + + vrrpStatsInvalidAuthType OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of packets received with an unknown + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 23] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + authentication type." + ::= { vrrpRouterStatsEntry 10 } + + vrrpStatsAuthTypeMismatch OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of packets received with 'Auth Type' not + equal to the locally configured authentication method + (`vrrpOperAuthType')." + ::= { vrrpRouterStatsEntry 11 } + + vrrpStatsPacketLengthErrors OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX Counter32 + MAX-ACCESS read-only + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The total number of packets received with a packet length + less than the length of the VRRP header." + ::= { vrrpRouterStatsEntry 12 } + +-- ******************************************************************* +-- Trap Definitions +-- ******************************************************************* + + vrrpNotifications OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vrrpMIB 0 } + + vrrpTrapPacketSrc OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX IpAddress + MAX-ACCESS accessible-for-notify + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The IP address of an inbound VRRP packet. Used by + vrrpTrapAuthFailure trap." + ::= { vrrpOperations 5 } + + vrrpTrapAuthErrorType OBJECT-TYPE + SYNTAX INTEGER { + invalidAuthType (1), + authTypeMismatch (2), + authFailure (3) + } + MAX-ACCESS accessible-for-notify + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Potential types of configuration conflicts. + Used by vrrpAuthFailure trap." + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 24] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + ::= { vrrpOperations 6 } + + vrrpTrapNewMaster NOTIFICATION-TYPE + OBJECTS { vrrpOperMasterIpAddr + } + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The newMaster trap indicates that the sending agent + has transitioned to 'Master' state." + ::= { vrrpNotifications 1 } + + vrrpTrapAuthFailure NOTIFICATION-TYPE + OBJECTS { vrrpTrapPacketSrc, + vrrpTrapAuthErrorType + } + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "A vrrpAuthFailure trap signifies that a packet has + been received from a router whose authentication key + or authentication type conflicts with this router's + authentication key or authentication type. Implementation + of this trap is optional." + ::= { vrrpNotifications 2 } + + +-- ******************************************************************* +-- Conformance Information +-- ******************************************************************* + + vrrpMIBCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vrrpConformance 1 } + vrrpMIBGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { vrrpConformance 2 } + +-- ................................................................... +-- Compliance Statements +-- ................................................................... + + vrrpMIBCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The core compliance statement for all VRRP implementations." + MODULE -- this module + MANDATORY-GROUPS { + vrrpOperGroup, + vrrpStatsGroup + } + OBJECT vrrpOperPriority + WRITE-SYNTAX Integer32 (1..255) + DESCRIPTION "SETable values are from 1 to 255." + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 25] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + ::= { vrrpMIBCompliances 1 } + +-- ................................................................... +-- Conformance Groups +-- ................................................................... + + vrrpOperGroup OBJECT-GROUP + OBJECTS { + vrrpNodeVersion, + vrrpNotificationCntl, + vrrpOperVirtualMacAddr, + vrrpOperState, + vrrpOperAdminState, + vrrpOperPriority, + vrrpOperIpAddrCount, + vrrpOperMasterIpAddr, + vrrpOperPrimaryIpAddr, + vrrpOperAuthType, + vrrpOperAuthKey, + vrrpOperAdvertisementInterval, + vrrpOperPreemptMode, + vrrpOperVirtualRouterUpTime, + vrrpOperProtocol, + vrrpOperRowStatus, + vrrpAssoIpAddrRowStatus + } + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Conformance group for VRRP operations." + ::= { vrrpMIBGroups 1 } + + vrrpStatsGroup OBJECT-GROUP + OBJECTS { + vrrpRouterChecksumErrors, + vrrpRouterVersionErrors, + vrrpRouterVrIdErrors, + vrrpStatsBecomeMaster, + vrrpStatsAdvertiseRcvd, + vrrpStatsAdvertiseIntervalErrors, + vrrpStatsAuthFailures, + vrrpStatsIpTtlErrors, + vrrpStatsPriorityZeroPktsRcvd, + vrrpStatsPriorityZeroPktsSent, + vrrpStatsInvalidTypePktsRcvd, + vrrpStatsAddressListErrors, + vrrpStatsInvalidAuthType, + vrrpStatsAuthTypeMismatch, + vrrpStatsPacketLengthErrors + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 26] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + } + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Conformance group for VRRP statistics." + ::= { vrrpMIBGroups 2 } + + vrrpTrapGroup OBJECT-GROUP + OBJECTS { + vrrpTrapPacketSrc, + vrrpTrapAuthErrorType + } + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "Conformance group for objects contained in VRRP notifications." + ::= { vrrpMIBGroups 3 } + + vrrpNotificationGroup NOTIFICATION-GROUP + NOTIFICATIONS { + vrrpTrapNewMaster, + vrrpTrapAuthFailure + } + STATUS current + DESCRIPTION + "The VRRP MIB Notification Group." + ::= { vrrpMIBGroups 4 } + +END + +4. Security Considerations + + There are a number of management objects defined in this MIB that + have a MAX-ACCESS clause of read-write or read-create. Such objects + may be considered sensitive or vulnerable to security attacks in some + networking environments. The support for SET operations in a non- + secure environment without proper protection can have a negative + effect on VRRP router operations. + + A number of objects in the vrrpOperTable possess the read-create + attribute. Manipulation of these objects is capable of affecting the + operation of a virtual router. + + Specific examples of this include, but are not limited to: + + o The vrrpOperAdminState object which could be used to disable a + virtual router. + + o The vrrpOperPrimaryIpAddr object which, if compromised, could allow + assignment of an invalid IP address to a master router. + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 27] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + o The authentication type/key related objects which could potentially + render the VRRP security mechanisms ineffective. + + Of additional concern is the ability to disable the transmission of + traps. This would nullify the capability of a virtual router to + provide notification in the event of an authentication failure. + + SNMPv1 by itself is not a secure environment. Even if the network + itself is secure (for example by using IPSec), even then, there is no + control as to who on the secure network is allowed to access and + GET/SET (read/change/create/delete) the objects in this MIB. + + It is recommended that the implementers consider the security + features as provided by the SNMPv3 framework. Specifically, the use + of the User-based Security Model RFC 2574 [RFC2574] and the View- + based Access Control Model RFC 2575 [RFC2575] is recommended. + + It is then a customer/user responsibility to ensure that the SNMP + entity giving access to an instance of this MIB, is properly + configured to give access to the objects only to those principals + (users) that have legitimate rights to indeed GET or SET + (change/create/delete) them. + +5. Acknowledgements + + The authors would like to thank Danny Mitzel, Venkat Prasad, Al Pham, + Robert Hinden, Venkat Prasad, Barbera Denny, Fred Baker, Jeff Case, + Flavio Fernandes, Acee Lindem, Scott Barvick, and Bert Wijnen for + their comments and suggestions. + +6. References + + [1] Harrington, D., Presuhn, R. and B. Wijnen, "An Architecture for + Describing SNMP Management Frameworks", RFC 2571, April 1999. + + [2] Rose, M. and K. McCloghrie, "Structure and Identification of + Management Information for TCP/IP-based Internets", STD 16, RFC + 1155, May 1990. + + [3] Rose, M. and K. McCloghrie, "Concise MIB Definitions", STD 16, + RFC 1212, March 1991. + + [4] Rose, M., "A Convention for Defining Traps for use with the + SNMP", RFC 1215, March 1991. + + [5] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J., Rose, + M. and S. Waldbusser, "Structure of Management Information + Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC 2578, April 1999. + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 28] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + + [6] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J., Rose, + M. and S. Waldbusser, "Textual Conventions for SMIv2", STD 58, + RFC 2579, April 1999. + + [7] McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case, J., Rose, + M. and S. Waldbusser, "Conformance Statements for SMIv2", STD + 58, RFC 2580, April 1999. + + [8] Case, J., Fedor, M., Schoffstall, M. and J. Davin, "Simple + Network Management Protocol", STD 15, RFC 1157, May 1990. + + [9] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, + "Introduction to Community-based SNMPv2", RFC 1901, January + 1996. + + [10] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, + "Transport Mappings for Version 2 of the Simple Network + Management Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1906, January 1996. + + [11] Case, J., Harrington D., Presuhn R. and B. Wijnen, "Message + Processing and Dispatching for the Simple Network Management + Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 2572, April 1999. + + [12] Blumenthal, U. and B. Wijnen, "User-based Security Model (USM) + for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol + (SNMPv3)", RFC 2574, April 1999. + + [13] Case, J., McCloghrie, K., Rose, M. and S. Waldbusser, "Protocol + Operations for Version 2 of the Simple Network Management + Protocol (SNMPv2)", RFC 1905, January 1996. + + [14] Levi, D., Meyer, P. and B. Stewart, "SNMPv3 Applications", RFC + 2573, April 1999. + + [15] Wijnen, B., Presuhn, R. and K. McCloghrie, "View-based Access + Control Model (VACM) for the Simple Network Management Protocol + (SNMP)", RFC 2575, April 1999 + + [16] Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D. and B. Stewart, "Introduction + to Version 3 of the Internet-standard Network Management + Framework", RFC 2570, April 1999 + + [17] Knight, S., Weaver, D., Whipple, D., Hinden, R., Mitzel, D., + Hunt, P., Higginson, P., Shand, M. and Lindem, A., "Virtual + Router Redundancy Protocol", RFC 2338, November 1997. + + [18] McCloghrie, K. and F. Kastenholz, "The Interfaces Group MIB + using SMIv2", RFC 2233, November 1997. + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 29] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + +7. Authors' Addresses + + Brian R. Jewell + Copper Mountain Networks, Inc. + 2470 Embarcadero Way + Palo Alto, California 94303 + US + + Phone: +1 650 687 3367 + EMail: bjewell@coppermountain.com + + + David Chuang + CoSine Communications + 1200 Bridge Parkway + Redwood City, CA 94065 + US + + Phone: +1 650 628 4850 + EMail: david_chuang@cosinecom.com + +8. Intellectual Property Statement + + The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any + intellectual property or other rights that might be claimed to + pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in + this document or the extent to which any license under such rights + might or might not be available; neither does it represent that it + has made any effort to identify any such rights. Information on the + IETF's procedures with respect to rights in standards-track and + standards- related documentation can be found in BCP-11. Copies of + claims of rights made available for publication and any assurances of + licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to + obtain a general license or permission for the use of such + proprietary rights by implementors or users of this specification can + be obtained from the IETF Secretariat. + + The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any + copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary + rights which may cover technology that may be required to practice + this standard. Please address the information to the IETF Executive + Director. + + + + + + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 30] + +RFC 2787 VRRP MIB Management Objects March 2000 + + +9. Full Copyright Statement + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved. + + This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to + others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it + or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published + and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any + kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are + included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this + document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing + the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other + Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of + developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for + copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be + followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than + English. + + The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be + revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns. + + This document and the information contained herein is provided on an + "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING + TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING + BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION + HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF + MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + +Acknowledgement + + Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the + Internet Society. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Jewell & Chuang Standards Track [Page 31] + |