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diff --git a/doc/rfc/rfc3004.txt b/doc/rfc/rfc3004.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1c941aa --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/rfc/rfc3004.txt @@ -0,0 +1,339 @@ + + + + + + +Network Working Group G. Stump +Request for Comments: 3004 IBM +Category: Standards Track R. Droms + Cisco Systems + Y. Gu + R. Vyaghrapuri + A. Demirtjis + Microsoft + B. Beser + Pacific Broadband Communications + J. Privat + Northstream AB + November 2000 + + + The User Class Option for DHCP + +Status of this Memo + + This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the + Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for + improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet + Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state + and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. + +Copyright Notice + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved. + +Abstract + + This option is used by a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) + client to optionally identify the type or category of user or + applications it represents. The information contained in this option + is an opaque field that represents the user class of which the client + is a member. Based on this class, a DHCP server selects the + appropriate address pool to assign an address to the client and the + appropriate configuration parameters. This option should be + configurable by a user. + +1. Introduction + + DHCP administrators may define specific user class identifiers to + convey information about a client's software configuration or about + its user's preferences. For example, the User Class option can be + used to configure all clients of people in the accounting department + with a different printer than clients of people in the marketing + department. + + + +Stump, et al. Standards Track [Page 1] + +RFC 3004 The User Class Option for DHCP November 2000 + + +2. Requirements Terminology + + The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", + "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY" and "OPTIONAL" in this + document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [3]. + +3. DHCP Terminology + + o "DHCP client" + A DHCP client or "client" is an Internet host using DHCP to obtain + configuration parameters such as a network address. + + o "DHCP server" + A DHCP server or "server" is an Internet host that returns + configuration parameters to DHCP clients. + + o "binding" + A binding is a collection of configuration parameters, including at + least an IP address, associated with or "bound to" a DHCP client. + Bindings are managed by DHCP servers. + +4. User Class option + + This option is used by a DHCP client to optionally identify the type + or category of user or applications it represents. A DHCP server + uses the User Class option to choose the address pool it allocates an + address from and/or to select any other configuration option. + + This option is a DHCP option [1, 2]. + + This option MAY carry multiple User Classes. Servers may interpret + the meanings of multiple class specifications in an implementation + dependent or configuration dependent manner, and so the use of + multiple classes by a DHCP client should be based on the specific + server implementation and configuration which will be used to process + that User class option. + + The format of this option is as follows: + + Code Len Value + +-----+-----+--------------------- . . . --+ + | 77 | N | User Class Data ('Len' octets) | + +-----+-----+--------------------- . . . --+ + + where Value consists of one or more instances of User Class Data. + Each instance of User Class Data is formatted as follows: + + + + + +Stump, et al. Standards Track [Page 2] + +RFC 3004 The User Class Option for DHCP November 2000 + + + UC_Len_i User_Class_Data_i + +--------+------------------------ . . . --+ + | L_i | Opaque-Data ('UC_Len_i' octets) | + +--------+------------------------ . . . --+ + + Each User Class value (User_Class_Data_i) is indicated as an opaque + field. The value in UC_Len_i does not include the length field + itself and MUST be non-zero. Let m be the number of User Classes + carried in the option. The length of the option as specified in Len + must be the sum of the lengths of each of the class names plus m: + Len= UC_Len_1 + UC_Len_2 + ... + UC_Len_m + m. If any instances of + User Class Data are present, the minimum value of Len is two (Len = + UC_Len_1 + 1 = 1 + 1 = 2). + + The Code for this option is 77. + + A server that is not equipped to interpret any given user class + specified by a client MUST ignore it (although it may be reported). + If a server recognizes one or more user classes specified by the + client, but does not recognize one or more other user classes + specified by the client, the server MAY use the user classes it + recognizes. + + DHCP clients implementing this option SHOULD allow users to enter one + or more user class values. + +5. IANA Considerations + + Option 77, which IANA has already assigned for this purpose, should + be used as the User Class Option for DHCP. + +6. Security Considerations + + DHCP currently provides no authentication or security mechanisms. + Potential exposures to attack are discussed is section 7 of the + protocol specification [1]. + + This lack of authentication mechanism means that a DHCP server cannot + check if a client or user is authorized to use a given User Class. + This introduces an obvious vulnerability when using the User Class + option. For example, if the User Class is used to give out a special + parameter (e.g., a particular database server), there is no way to + authenticate a client and it is therefore impossible to check if a + client is authorized to use this parameter. + + + + + + + +Stump, et al. Standards Track [Page 3] + +RFC 3004 The User Class Option for DHCP November 2000 + + +7. References + + [1] Droms, R., "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol", RFC 2131, March + 1997. + + [2] Alexander, S. and R. Droms, "DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor + Extensions", RFC 2132, March 1997. + + [3] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement + Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. + +8. Acknowledgments + + This document is based on earlier drafts by Glenn Stump, Ralph Droms, + Ye Gu, Ramesh Vyaghrapuri and Burcak Beser. Thanks to Ted Lemon, + Steve Gonczi, Kim Kinnear, Bernie Volz, Richard Jones, Barr Hibbs and + Thomas Narten for their comments and suggestions. + +9. Authors' Addresses + + Glenn Stump + IBM Networking Software + P.O. Box 12195 + RTP, NC 27709 + + Phone: 919 301 4277 + EMail: stumpga@us.ibm.com + + + Ralph Droms + Cisco Systems + 300 Apollo Drive + Chelmsford, MA 01824 + + Phone: 978 244 4733 + EMail: rdroms@cisco.com + + + Ye Gu + Microsoft Corporation + One Microsoft Way + Redmond, WA 98052 + + Phone: 425 936 8601 + EMail: yegu@microsoft.com + + + + + + +Stump, et al. Standards Track [Page 4] + +RFC 3004 The User Class Option for DHCP November 2000 + + + Ramesh Vyaghrapuri + Microsoft Corporation + One Microsoft Way + Redmond, WA 98052 + + Phone: 425 703 9581 + EMail: rameshv@microsoft.com + + + Burcak Beser + Pacific Broadband Communications + 3103 North 1st Street + San Jose, CA 95134 + + Phone: 408 468 6265 + Email: Burcak@pacband.com + + + Ann Demirtjis + Microsoft Corporation + One Microsoft Way + Redmond WA 98052 + + Phone: 425 705 2254 + EMail: annd@microsoft.com + + + Jerome Privat + Northstream AB + Espace Beethoven 1 + 1200 Route des Lucioles + BP 302 + 06906 Sophia Antipolis Cedex + France + + Phone: +33 4 97 23 40 45 + Fax: +33 4 97 23 24 51 + Mobile: +33 6 13 81 76 71 + Email: jerome.privat@northstream.se + + + + + + + + + + + + +Stump, et al. Standards Track [Page 5] + +RFC 3004 The User Class Option for DHCP November 2000 + + +Full Copyright Statement + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved. + + This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to + others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it + or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published + and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any + kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are + included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this + document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing + the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other + Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of + developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for + copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be + followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than + English. + + The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be + revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns. + + This document and the information contained herein is provided on an + "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING + TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING + BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION + HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF + MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + +Acknowledgement + + Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the + Internet Society. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Stump, et al. 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