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diff --git a/doc/rfc/rfc3942.txt b/doc/rfc/rfc3942.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0676a49 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/rfc/rfc3942.txt @@ -0,0 +1,395 @@ + + + + + + +Network Working Group B. Volz +Request for Comments: 3942 Cisco Systems, Inc. +Updates: 2132 November 2004 +Category: Standards Track + + + Reclassifying Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol + version 4 (DHCPv4) Options + +Status of this Memo + + This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the + Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for + improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet + Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state + and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. + +Copyright Notice + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). + +Abstract + + This document updates RFC 2132 to reclassify Dynamic Host + Configuration Protocol version 4 (DHCPv4) option codes 128 to 223 + (decimal) as publicly defined options to be managed by IANA in + accordance with RFC 2939. This document directs IANA to make these + option codes available for assignment as publicly defined DHCP + options for future options. + +Table of Contents + + 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 + 2. Requirements Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 + 3. Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 + 3.1. Publicly Defined Options Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 + 3.2. Site-Specific Options Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 + 4. Reclassifying Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 + 5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 + 6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 + 7. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 + 8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 + 8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 + 8.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 + Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 + Full Copyright Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 + + + + + +Volz Standards Track [Page 1] + +RFC 3942 Reclassifying DHCPv4 Options November 2004 + + +1. Introduction + + The DHCPv4 [RFC2131] publicly defined options range, options 1 - 127, + is nearly used up. Efforts such as [RFC3679] help extend the life of + this space, but ultimately the space will be exhausted. + + This document reclassifies much of the site-specific option range, + which has not been widely used for its original intended purpose, to + extend the publicly defined options space. + +2. Requirements Notation + + The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", + "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this + document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. + +3. Background + + The DHCP option space (0 - 255) is divided into two ranges [RFC2132]: + + 1. 1 - 127 are publicly defined options, now allocated in accordance + with [RFC2939]. + + 2. 128 - 254 are site-specific options. + + Options 0 (pad) and 255 (end) are special and defined in [RFC2131]. + +3.1. Publicly Defined Options Range + + The publicly defined options space (1 - 127) is nearly exhausted. + Recent work [RFC3679] will buy more time, as several allocated but + unused option codes have been reclaimed. A review could be made from + time to time to determine whether there are other option codes that + can be reclaimed. + + A longer-term solution to the eventual exhaustion of the publicly + defined options space is desired. The DHC WG evaluated several + solutions: + + 1. Using options 126 and 127 to carry 16-bit options as originally + proposed by Ralph Droms in late 1996. However, this significantly + penalizes the first option assigned to this new space, as it + requires implementing the 16-bit option support. Because of this, + options 126 and 127 have been reclaimed [RFC3679]. + + 2. Using a new magic cookie and 16-bit option code format. However, + this proposal + + + + +Volz Standards Track [Page 2] + +RFC 3942 Reclassifying DHCPv4 Options November 2004 + + + * penalizes the first option assigned to this new space, as it + requires significant changes to clients, servers, and relay + agents, + + * could adversely impact existing clients, servers, and relay + agents that fail to properly check the magic cookie value, + + * requires support of both message formats for the foreseeable + future, and + + * requires clients to send multiple DHCPDISCOVER messages -- one + for each magic cookie. + + 3. Reclassifying a portion of the site-specific option codes as + publicly defined. The impact is minimal, as only those sites + presently using options in the reclassified range need to renumber + their options. + +3.2. Site-Specific Options Range + + The site-specific option range is rather large (127 options in all) + and little used. The original intent of the site-specific option + range was to support local (to a site) configuration options, and it + is difficult to believe a site would need 127 options for this + purpose. Further, many DHCP client implementations do not provide a + well documented means to request site-specific options from a server + or to allow applications to extract the returned option values. + + Some vendors have made use of site-specific option codes that violate + the intent of the site-specific options, as the options are used to + configure features of their products and thus are specific to many + sites. This usage could potentially cause problems if a site that + has been using the same site-specific option codes for other purposes + deploys products from one of the vendors, or if two vendors pick the + same site-specific options. + +4. Reclassifying Options + + The site-specific option codes 128 to 223 are hereby reclassified as + publicly defined options. This leaves 31 site-specific options, 224 + to 254. + + To allow vendors that have made use of site-specific options within + the reclassified range to publish their option usage and to request + an official assignment of the option number to that usage, the + following procedure will be used to reclassify these options: + + + + + +Volz Standards Track [Page 3] + +RFC 3942 Reclassifying DHCPv4 Options November 2004 + + + 1. The reclassified options (128 to 223) will be placed in the + "Unavailable" state by IANA. These options are not yet available + for assignment to publicly defined options. + + 2. Vendors that currently use one or more of the reclassified options + have 6 months following this RFC's publication date to notify the + DHC WG and IANA that they are using particular options numbers and + agree to document that usage in an RFC. IANA will move these + options from the "Unavailable" to "Tentatively Assigned" state. + + Vendors have 18 months from this RFC's publication date to start + the documentation process by submitting an Internet-Draft. + + NOTE: If multiple vendors of an option number come forward and can + demonstrate that their usage is in reasonably wide use, none of + the vendors will be allowed to keep the current option number, and + they MUST go through the normal process of getting a publicly + assigned option [RFC2939]. + + 3. Any options still classified as "Unavailable" 6 months after the + RFC publication date will be moved to the "Unassigned" state by + IANA. These options may then be assigned to any new publicly + defined options in accordance with [RFC2939]. + + 4. For those options in the "Tentatively Assigned" state, vendors + have 18 months following this RFC's publication date to submit an + Internet-Draft documenting the option. The documented usage MUST + be consistent with the existing usage. When the option usage is + published as an RFC, IANA will move the option to the "Assigned" + state. + + If no Internet-Draft is published within the 18 months or should + one of these Internet-Drafts expire after the 18 months, IANA will + move the option to the "Unassigned" state, and the option may then + be assigned to any new publicly defined options in accordance with + [RFC2939]. + + Sites presently using site-specific option codes within the + reclassified range SHOULD take steps to renumber these options to + values within the remaining range. If a site needs more than 31 + site-specific options, the site must switch to using suboptions, as + has been done for other options, such as the Relay Agent Information + Option [RFC3046]. + +5. Security Considerations + + This document in and by itself provides no security, nor does it + impact existing DCHP security as described in [RFC2131]. + + + +Volz Standards Track [Page 4] + +RFC 3942 Reclassifying DHCPv4 Options November 2004 + + +6. IANA Considerations + + IANA is requested to + + 1. expand the publicly defined DHCPv4 options space from 1 - 127 to 1 + - 223. The new options (128 - 223) are to be listed as + "Unavailable" and MUST NOT be assigned to any publicly defined + options. + + 2. receive notices from vendors that have been using one or more of + the options in the 128-223 range that they are using the option + and are willing to document that usage. IANA will list these + options as "Tentatively Assigned". + + 3. change the listing of any options listed as "Unavailable" to + "Available" 6 months from this RFC's publication date. These + options may now be assigned in accordance with [RFC2939]. + + 4. change the listing of any options listed as "Tentatively-Assigned" + to "Unavailable" 18 months from this RFC's publication date and + periodically thereafter as long as there is an option listed as + "Tentatively-Assigned", if no un-expired Internet-Draft exists + documenting the usage. + +7. Acknowledgements + + Many thanks to Ralph Droms and Ted Lemon for their valuable input and + earlier work on the various alternatives. + +8. References + +8.1. Normative References + + [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate + Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. + + [RFC2131] Droms, R., "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol", RFC + 2131, March 1997. + + [RFC2132] Alexander, S. and R. Droms, "DHCP Options and BOOTP Vendor + Extensions", RFC 2132, March 1997. + + [RFC2939] Droms, R., "Procedures and IANA Guidelines for Definition + of New DHCP Options and Message Types", BCP 43, RFC 2939, + September 2000. + + + + + + +Volz Standards Track [Page 5] + +RFC 3942 Reclassifying DHCPv4 Options November 2004 + + +8.2. Informative References + + [RFC3046] Patrick, M., "DHCP Relay Agent Information Option", RFC + 3046, January 2001. + + [RFC3679] Droms, R., "Unused Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol + (DHCP) Option Codes", RFC 3679, January 2004. + +Author's Address + + Bernard Volz + Cisco Systems, Inc. + 1414 Massachusetts Ave. + Boxborough, MA 01719 + USA + + Phone: +1 978 936 0382 + EMail: volz@cisco.com + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Volz Standards Track [Page 6] + +RFC 3942 Reclassifying DHCPv4 Options November 2004 + + +Full Copyright Statement + + Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004). + + This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions + contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors + retain all their rights. + + This document and the information contained herein are provided on an + "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS + OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET + ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, + INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE + INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED + WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + +Intellectual Property + + The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any + Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to + pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in + this document or the extent to which any license under such rights + might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has + made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information + on the IETF's procedures with respect to rights in IETF Documents can + be found in BCP 78 and BCP 79. + + Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any + assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an + attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of + such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this + specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at + http://www.ietf.org/ipr. + + The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any + copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary + rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement + this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at ietf- + ipr@ietf.org. + +Acknowledgement + + Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the + Internet Society. + + + + + + + +Volz Standards Track [Page 7] + |