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diff --git a/doc/rfc/rfc437.txt b/doc/rfc/rfc437.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6bbaba5 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/rfc/rfc437.txt @@ -0,0 +1,563 @@ + + + + + + +Network Working Group E. Faeh +Request for Comments: 437 Computer Systems Laboratory, UCSB +NIC: 13701 30 June 1973 + + + DATA RECONFIGURATION SERVICE AT UCSB + + This purpose of this RFC is to announce the availability of the Data + Reconfiguration Service (DRS) at UCSB, and to describe the use of the + DRS Time Sharing System. The DRS is an experiment in a flexible + means for reformatting Network data streams. The DRS provides a + means for coupling processes with different input/output interfaces, + and carrying out user specified transformations on the data passing + between them. Samples of representative uses of the DRS include + field insertion, field deletion, variable length string processing, + string length computation, field transposition, character packing and + unpacking, and character set translations. + + To use the DRS, a user first defines a "form", or a description of + the reformatting to be performed on data passing between two sockets + (a form is associated with each unidirectional message path). DRS + may then be directed to establish Network connections with the two + processes involved and to monitor the dialogue between them. DRS + receives an input stream from one process, reformats the input + according to the rules specified by the form, and emits the + reformatted data as an output stream to the second process. The two + processes communicate as if they were directly connected to each + other. + + Three major components comprise the DRS: a compiler which reduces DRS + source programs (forms) to a simpler, machine independent instruction + sequence (object program), an interpreter which executes the object + program created by the compiler, and an executive program, the DRS + Time Sharing System, which interfaces the Network user to the DRS. + Detailed descriptions of the DRS source language and compiler are + available in the following documents: + + "The Data Reconfiguration Service--An Experiment in Adaptable, + Process/Process Communications", The Rand Corp., R-860-ARPA, + November 1971. + + "Data Reconfiguration Service Compiler: Communications Among + Heterogeneous Computer Centers Using Remote Resource Sharing", The + Rand Corp.,R-887-ARPA, April 1972. + + The DRS Time Sharing System (DRS/TSS) and its server Telnet are + currently available and addressable through socket 1281 decimal. + DRS/TSS interfaces the user to the DRS. In addition to a subset of + + + +Faeh [Page 1] + +RFC 437 DATA RECONFIGURATION SERVICE AT UCSB June 1973 + + + 'TENEX-like' executive commands, commands are available for creating + and storing forms by name, and for invoking the DRS compiler or + interpreter. Since both the compiler and the interpreter run + asynchronously to the DRS/TSS, the user is notified when execution of + his requests for compilations or interpreting are initiated and + terminated. In addition, a diagnostic message is supplied by the + interpreter whenever it terminates execution of a form. + + When a user connects to DRS/TSS he is allocated an internal TTY + number by which his terminal is identified. When the user issues a + command to invoke the compiler or interpreter, his TTY number and a + user specified job name are used to uniquely identify the request. + The jobname is thereafter used to refer to the request. A Network + host is specified by host name, or by host number preceded by #. A + socket number is specified as an integer, optionally preceded by a + (decimal) to indicate the radix used. Decimal is the default radix + and positive the default sign. A negative socket number is + maintained in two's complement form. + + The following control characters are recognized by DRS. Control A + (SOH) or rubout (DEL) delete the last character, control V (SYN) + deletes the last word, control W (ETB) deletes the last phrase, and + control X (CAN) deletes the entire line. Control D (EOT) displays + the current word, control E (ENQ) displays the current phrase, and + control F (ACK) displays the entire line. Control Y (EM) displays + the name of the current phrase. Command accept is carriage return- + line feed, or period. A space will force recognition of the current + word, and '?' will list the input(s) currently possible. + + The following sections describe the DRS/TSS command syntax. <CA> + denotes command accept, and brackets [] denote optional information. + All literal information is enclosed in quotes ''. Choose one + alternative form items in parenthesized lists separated by |. + +DRS/TSS COMMAND SYNTAX + +Commands: + +'ATTACH' <tty no.> <password> <CA> +'BREAK' (<tty list>|<CA>) <CA> +'COMPILE' <job name> <formid> <CA> +'CONVERT' <integer> ['TO'] <base> <CA> +'DEFINE' <formid> <CA> +'DELETE' [<file type>] <formid> <CA> <CA> +'DETACH' <CA> <CA> +'DIRECTORY' <formid> <CA> +'DISCONNECT' <CA> <CA> +'FULLDUPLEX' <CA> + + + +Faeh [Page 2] + +RFC 437 DATA RECONFIGURATION SERVICE AT UCSB June 1973 + + +'HALFDUPLEX' <CA> +'HELP' <CA> +'LINE_AT_A_TIME' <CA> +'LINK' ('ENABLE'|'DISABLE'|<tty list>|<CA>) <CA> +'LIST' [<file type>] <formid> <CA> +'LOGIN' <userid> <password> <account number> <CA> +'LOGOUT' <CA> +'MONITOR' (<tty list>|<CA>) <CA> +'QUIT' (<job rename>|<CA>) <CA> +'RADIX' <base> <CA> +'RENAME' <formid> ['TO'] <formid> <CA> +'RESPONSE' ('ALL'|HANDHOLD'|'PROMPT'|'NORMAL'|'UNUSUAL'| + 'ERRORS'|'NONE') <CA> +'RUN' <job name> ('SIMPLEX' <run parameters>| + 'DUPLEX' '('<run parameters> <run parameters> + ')' ) <CA> +'SELECT' (<tty list>|<CA>) <CA> +';' <text> <CA> + +Substitutions: + +<formid> = ['<' <userid> ',' <password> '>'] <form name> +<base> = ('DECIMAL'|'HEXADECIMAL'|'OCTAL') +<file type> = ('DIAGNOSTICS'|'OBJECT_CODE'|'SOURCE') +<run parameters> = ('SICP' <socket number>|'UICP' + [<hostid>] <socket number>|'RFC'[<hostid>] + <socket number> [<hostid>] <socket number>) + ['BYTE SIZE' <integer>] ['CONNECT_TIME' + <integer>] ['RUN_TIME' <integer>] <formid> + +Definitions: + +<acct no> Account number is a character string whose + maximum length is 4. + +<form name> Form name is a character string whose + maximum length is 6, and whose first + character is alphabetic. + +<hostid> Host number preceded by '#' or host name + may be used to specify a Network host. + +<integer> Integers may optionally be preceded by a + plus or minus sign, and by an H or X + (hexadecimal), 0 (octal), or D (decimal) + to specify the radix used. Decimal is + the default radix and positive the default + sign. + + + +Faeh [Page 3] + +RFC 437 DATA RECONFIGURATION SERVICE AT UCSB June 1973 + + +<job name> Job name is a character string whose + maximum length is 6, and whose first + character is alphabetic. + +<password> The currently acceptable password is + 'ARPA'. + +<socket number> Socket numbers are specified as <integer> + (see above). + +<tty list> TTY List is one or more TTY numbers, + separated by commas. + + +<tty no.> TTY number is an integer representing a + DRS terminal identification number. + + +<userid> User ID is a character string whose + maximum length is 8, and whose first + character is alphabetic. + +Command Descriptions: + + 'ATTACH' <tty no.> <password> <CA> + + Connects the user's console to the DRS/TTS terminal with + identification number <tty no.>. Terminal <tty no.> must have been + previously detached, and must not have been deleted. (Currently, + detached terminals are deleted after 1 hour.) + + 'BREAK' (<tty list>|<CA>) <CA> + + Causes links to the terminals specified in <tty list> to be broken. + If <tty list> is not specified, all established links are broken. + (See 'LINK', 'MONITOR', and 'SELECT' for a description of how links + are established.) + + 'COMPILE' <job name> formid> <CA> + + Causes form <formid> to be compiled. Verification that the source + for form <formid> exists, and that object code does not already exist + is made before invoking the DRS Compiler, which executes + asynchronously to the user's terminal. The DRS Compiler generates a + diagnostic file for the form and, if no errors are encountered, + object files. <job name> is used to identify the request and may not + be used to identify any other job so long as the current request is + outstanding. + + + +Faeh [Page 4] + +RFC 437 DATA RECONFIGURATION SERVICE AT UCSB June 1973 + + + Because of main storage requirements, only one compilation is allowed + in execution at any time. Subsequent requests are queued for later + execution unless the request queue is full, in which case the request + is refused. The user is notified when his compilation is initiated, + and when it terminates. + + 'CONVERT' <integer> ['TO'] <base> <CA> + + Allows the user to convert octal, decimal, or hexadecimal integers + from one radix to another. <base> specifies the desired radix of the + result and may be 'OCTAL', DECIMAL', or 'HEXADECIMAL'. + + 'DEFINE' <formid> <CA> + + Allows the user to define a new source form, or append to an existing + source form. The new line indicator '$$' replaces the normal '$' to + indicate that input will be used to define the source form. Control + C (ETX) signals the end of form definition and elicits the normal '$' + new line indicator. + + Unfortunately, the current facilities for editing forms are extremely + limited. Only the line currently being entered may be edited. Once + a line has been terminated, with CR-LF, and the new line indicator + has appeared, the line may not be edited. The following control + characters may be used to edit a form while it is being defined. + Control A (SOH) or Rubout (DEL) delete the last character, control X + (CAN) deletes the entire line, and control F (ACK) displays the + entire line. If modifications need to be made to lines other than + the current line, the entire form must be deleted and reentered. + + 'DELETE' [<file type>] <formid> <CA> + + Deletes the specified component file(s) of form <formid>. <file type> + specifies the component file to be deleted, either 'SOURCE', + 'DIAGNOSTIC', or 'OBJECT_CODE'. If <file type> is not specified, all + components of the form are deleted. + + 'DETACH' <CA> <CA> + + Breaks the TELNET connection between DRS and the user, but does not + delete the user's DRS terminal for some fixed period of time, + currently 1 hour. Any jobs the terminal has active are unaffected + when the terminal is detached. The user may subsequently reconnect + to his DRS terminal by using the 'ATTACH' command. + + + + + + + +Faeh [Page 5] + +RFC 437 DATA RECONFIGURATION SERVICE AT UCSB June 1973 + + + 'DIRECTORY' <formid> <CA> + + Lists which component(s) of form <formid> exist. A complete form + consists of 'SOURCE', 'DIAGNOSTICS', and 'OBJECT_CODE' files. + + 'DISCONNECT' <CA> <CA> + + Breaks the TELNET connection between DRS and the user and deletes the + user's DRS terminal. Any jobs the terminal has active are purged. + + 'FULLDUPLEX' <CA> + + Directs DRS to echo user input; nullifies a previous + 'LINE_AT_A_TIME' command. + + 'HALFDUPLEX' <CA> + + Directs DRS not to echo user input nullifies a previous + 'LINE_AT_A_TIME' command. + + 'HELP' <CA> + + Lists the DRS control characters and their meanings. + + 'LINE_AT_A_TIME' <CA> + + Tells DRS that the user is operating in line_at_a_time mode, and + nullifies a previous 'FULLDUPLEX' or 'HALFDUPLEX' command. DRS will + not send any output to the user while he is inputting commands. + + 'LINK' ('ENABLE'|'DISABLE'|<tty list>|<CA>) <CA> + + The link command may be used to enable or disable links to other + terminals, or to establish links between terminals. + + 'LINK' 'ENABLE' <CA> directs DRS to allow subsequent request by other + terminals to establish links with the user's terminal. + + 'LINK' 'DISABLE' <CA> directs DRS to refuse subsequent request by + other terminals to establish links with the user's terminal. + + 'LINK' (<tty list>|<CA>) <CA> requests DRS to establish bidirectional + links between the user's terminal and the terminals specified in <tty + list>. If <tty list> is omitted, DRS attempts to link the user's + terminal to all other active terminals. While the user's terminal is + + + + + + +Faeh [Page 6] + +RFC 437 DATA RECONFIGURATION SERVICE AT UCSB June 1973 + + + linked to another terminal, all output to the user's terminal will + also be routed to the linked terminal, and all output to the linked + terminal will also be routed to the user's terminal. Unidirectional + links may be established via the 'MONITOR' and 'SELECT' commands. + + 'LIST' [<file type>] <formid> <CA> + + Lists the contents of the <file type> file of form <formid>. <file + type> may be 'SOURCE', 'DIAGNOSTIC' or 'OBJECT_CODE', and defaults to + 'SOURCE'. + + 'LOGIN' <userid> <password> <acct no.> <CA> + + Logs the user in, enables job-oriented commands, and specifies the + account to which the use of DRS is to be billed. Currently billing + for DRS is not implemented, and <userid> and <acct no.> may be + arbitrarily chosen by the user. When billing for DRS is implemented, + user ID's and account numbers will be assigned and checked for + validity at login. The only currently acceptable <password> is + 'ARPA'. + + 'LOGOUT' <CA> + + Logs the user out and disables job-oriented commands and billing of + subsequent activity to the previously specified accounting + parameters. As with 'DISCONNECT', any jobs the terminal has active + are purged. + + 'MONITOR' (<tty list>|<CA>) <CA> + + Requests DRS to establish unidirectional links between the user's + terminal and the terminals specified in <tty list>. If <tty list> is + omitted, DRS attempts to link the user's terminal to all other active + terminals. While the user's terminal is monitoring another terminal, + all output to that terminal will also be routed to the user's + terminal. + + 'QUIT' (<job name>|<CA>) <CA> + + Requests DRS to purge the job (request for compilation or + interpreting) identified by <job name>. If <job name> is omitted, + all active jobs are purged. + + 'RADIX' <base> <CA> + + Allows the user to specify the radix to be used for subsequent + integer display. <base> may be 'OCTAL', 'DECIMAL', or 'HEXADECIMAL'. + The default display radix is decimal. + + + +Faeh [Page 7] + +RFC 437 DATA RECONFIGURATION SERVICE AT UCSB June 1973 + + + 'RENAME' <formid> ["TO'] <formid> <CA> + + Allows the user to rename a form. The names of all components of the + form specified by the first <formid> are changed to correspond to the + second <formid>. If the form specified by the second <formid> + already exists, no change of name occurs, and the user is notified. + + 'RESPONSE' ('ALL'|'HANDHOLD'|'PROMPT'|'NORMAL'|'UNUSUAL'| 'ERRORS'| + 'NONE') <CA> + + Allows the user to specify the level of messages the system should + provide. The default response level is 'ALL'. + + 'RUN' <job name> ('SIMPLEX' <run parameters>|'DUPLEX' '(' <run + parameters> <run parameters> ')') <CA> + + Causes DRS to establish the requested Network connections and direct + the DRS interpreter to apply the specified form(s) to data passing + over the connections. The user first specifies the job name by which + his request will be identified, and second whether simplex or duplex + Network connections are to be established. 'SIMPLEX' implies that a + single unidirectional message path is to be employed, and requires + one set of <run parameters>. 'DUPLEX' implies that two message paths + will be employed are requires two sets of <run parameters>. < run + parameters> specify the data necessary to establish a Network + connection, time limits for the DRS interpreter, and the form which + is to be applied to the Network data stream. + + <run parameters> = ('SICP' <socket number>|'UICP' [<hostid>] + <socket number>|'RFC' [<hostid>] <socket + number> [<hostid>] <socket number>) + ['BYTE_SIZE' <integer>] ['CONNECT_TIME' + <integer>] ['RUN_TIME' <integer>] <formid> + + Three methods are available for establishing Network connections: + 'SICP', 'UICP', and 'RFC'. 'SICP (Server Initial Connection Protocol) + and 'UICP' causes DRS to simulate a server process addressable + through socket <socket number> at UCSB and wait for a user process to + connect to it. 'UICP' directs DRS to simulate a user process and + connect to the server addressable through Host <hostid>, socket + <socket number>. 'RFC' directs DRS to connect directly to the two + sockets specified. In the case of 'RFC', one of the two sockets + specified must be a send socket, and the other must be a receive + socket. <hostid> defaults to the Host from which the user logged into + the DRS/TSS. + + + + + + +Faeh [Page 8] + +RFC 437 DATA RECONFIGURATION SERVICE AT UCSB June 1973 + + + The remaining fields in <run parameters> are defined as follows: + + 'BYTE_SIZE' <integer> specifies the byte size to be used, and + defaults to 8. + + 'CONNECT_TIME' <integer> specifies the amount of time, in seconds, + that DRS should wait for the connection to + be established. The default value is 30 + seconds. + + 'RUN_TIME' <integer> specifies the maximum amount of time, in + seconds, that DRS interpreter will be + allowed to execute. The default value for + 'RUN_TIME' is five minutes. + + <formid> specifies the form which is to be applied + to the Network data stream. + + For each instance of <run parameters>, one socket pair is allocated + and one form is specified. In the case of 'SIMPLEX' runs, the + Network data flows between these two sockets, with the form being + applied to the data. In the case of 'DUPLEX' runs, the connections + are somewhat more complex. For 'DUPLEX' runs, two sets of <run + parameters> are specified, causing two socket pairs to be allocated, + and two forms to be specified. Call these send socket 1, receive + socket 1, and form 1 (established via the first set of <run + parameters> and send socket 2, receive socket 2, and form 2 + (established via the second set of parameters). When interpreting + begins, data will flow from send socket 1, through form1, to receive + socket 2, and from send socket 2, through form 2, to receive socket + 1. (Note that without this socket switching, processes would be + connected to themselves when 'SICP' or 'UICP' is specified.) + + The user is notified when his requests for connections are initiated + and when the interpreter begins applying a form to a connection. + When execution of a form terminates, the user is supplied with a + diagnostic message provided by the interpreter as well as the actual + run time of the interpreter. + + 'SELECT' (<tty list>|<CA>) <CA> + + Requests DRS to establish unidirectional links between the user's + terminal and the terminals specified in <tty list>. If <tty list> is + omitted, DRS attempts to link the user's terminal to all other active + + + + + + + +Faeh [Page 9] + +RFC 437 DATA RECONFIGURATION SERVICE AT UCSB June 1973 + + + terminals. While the user's terminal has another terminal selected, + all output to the user'S terminal will also be routed to the selected + terminal. + + ';' <text> <CA> + + Allows the user to enter any comments he chooses. <text> may include + the characters '?', and '.'. Note that <CA> must be CR-LF, rather + than period. + + + [This RFC was put into machine readable form for entry] + [into the online RFC archives by Helene Morin, Via Genie, 12/1999] + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Faeh [Page 10] + |