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+
+Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) H. Ananthakrishnan
+Request for Comments: 8745 Netflix
+Category: Standards Track S. Sivabalan
+ISSN: 2070-1721 Cisco
+ C. Barth
+ Juniper Networks
+ I. Minei
+ Google, Inc
+ M. Negi
+ Huawei Technologies
+ March 2020
+
+
+ Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP) Extensions for
+ Associating Working and Protection Label Switched Paths (LSPs) with
+ Stateful PCE
+
+Abstract
+
+ An active stateful Path Computation Element (PCE) is capable of
+ computing as well as controlling via Path Computation Element
+ Communication Protocol (PCEP) Multiprotocol Label Switching Traffic
+ Engineering (MPLS-TE) Label Switched Paths (LSPs). Furthermore, it
+ is also possible for an active stateful PCE to create, maintain, and
+ delete LSPs. This document defines the PCEP extension to associate
+ two or more LSPs to provide end-to-end path protection.
+
+Status of This Memo
+
+ This is an Internet Standards Track document.
+
+ This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
+ (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
+ received public review and has been approved for publication by the
+ Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
+ Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of RFC 7841.
+
+ Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
+ and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
+ https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8745.
+
+Copyright Notice
+
+ Copyright (c) 2020 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
+ document authors. All rights reserved.
+
+ This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
+ Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
+ (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
+ publication of this document. Please review these documents
+ carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
+ to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
+ include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
+ the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
+ described in the Simplified BSD License.
+
+Table of Contents
+
+ 1. Introduction
+ 1.1. Requirements Language
+ 2. Terminology
+ 3. PCEP Extensions
+ 3.1. Path Protection Association Type
+ 3.2. Path Protection Association TLV
+ 4. Operation
+ 4.1. State Synchronization
+ 4.2. PCC-Initiated LSPs
+ 4.3. PCE-Initiated LSPs
+ 4.4. Session Termination
+ 4.5. Error Handling
+ 5. Other Considerations
+ 6. IANA Considerations
+ 6.1. Association Type
+ 6.2. Path Protection Association TLV
+ 6.3. PCEP Errors
+ 7. Security Considerations
+ 8. Manageability Considerations
+ 8.1. Control of Function and Policy
+ 8.2. Information and Data Models
+ 8.3. Liveness Detection and Monitoring
+ 8.4. Verify Correct Operations
+ 8.5. Requirements on Other Protocols
+ 8.6. Impact on Network Operations
+ 9. References
+ 9.1. Normative References
+ 9.2. Informative References
+ Acknowledgments
+ Contributors
+ Authors' Addresses
+
+1. Introduction
+
+ [RFC5440] describes Path Computation Element Communication Protocol
+ (PCEP) for communication between a Path Computation Client (PCC) and
+ a PCE or between a pair of PCEs as per [RFC4655]. A PCE computes
+ paths for MPLS-TE Label Switched Paths (LSPs) based on various
+ constraints and optimization criteria.
+
+ Stateful PCE [RFC8231] specifies a set of extensions to PCEP to
+ enable stateful control of paths such as MPLS-TE LSPs between and
+ across PCEP sessions in compliance with [RFC4657]. It includes
+ mechanisms to affect LSP state synchronization between PCCs and PCEs,
+ delegation of control of LSPs to PCEs, and PCE control of timing and
+ sequence of path computations within and across PCEP sessions. The
+ focus is on a model where LSPs are configured on the PCC, and control
+ over them is delegated to the stateful PCE. Furthermore, [RFC8281]
+ specifies a mechanism to dynamically instantiate LSPs on a PCC based
+ on the requests from a stateful PCE or a controller using stateful
+ PCE.
+
+ Path protection [RFC4427] refers to a paradigm in which the working
+ LSP is protected by one or more protection LSP(s). When the working
+ LSP fails, protection LSP(s) is/are activated. When the working LSPs
+ are computed and controlled by the PCE, there is benefit in a mode of
+ operation where protection LSPs are also computed and controlled by
+ the same PCE. [RFC8051] describes the applicability of path
+ protection in PCE deployments.
+
+ This document specifies a stateful PCEP extension to associate two or
+ more LSPs for the purpose of setting up path protection. The
+ extension defined in this document covers the following scenarios:
+
+ * A PCC initiates a protection LSP and retains the control of the
+ LSP. The PCC computes the path itself or makes a request for path
+ computation to a PCE. After the path setup, it reports the
+ information and state of the path to the PCE. This includes the
+ association group identifying the working and protection LSPs.
+ This is the passive stateful mode [RFC8051].
+
+ * A PCC initiates a protection LSP and delegates the control of the
+ LSP to a stateful PCE. During delegation, the association group
+ identifying the working and protection LSPs is included. The PCE
+ computes the path for the protection LSP and updates the PCC with
+ the information about the path as long as it controls the LSP.
+ This is the active stateful mode [RFC8051].
+
+ * A protection LSP could be initiated by a stateful PCE, which
+ retains the control of the LSP. The PCE is responsible for
+ computing the path of the LSP and updating to the PCC with the
+ information about the path. This is the PCE-Initiated mode
+ [RFC8281].
+
+ Note that a protection LSP can be established (signaled) before the
+ failure (in which case the LSP is said to be either in standby mode
+ [RFC4427] or a primary LSP [RFC4872]) or after failure of the
+ corresponding working LSP (known as a secondary LSP [RFC4872]).
+ Whether to establish it before or after failure is according to
+ operator choice or policy.
+
+ [RFC8697] introduces a generic mechanism to create a grouping of
+ LSPs, which can then be used to define associations between a set of
+ LSPs. The mechanism is equally applicable to stateful PCE (active
+ and passive modes) and stateless PCE.
+
+ This document specifies a PCEP extension to associate one working LSP
+ with one or more protection LSPs using the generic association
+ mechanism.
+
+ This document describes a PCEP extension to associate protection LSPs
+ by creating the Path Protection Association Group (PPAG) and encoding
+ this association in PCEP messages for stateful PCEP sessions.
+
+1.1. Requirements Language
+
+ The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
+ "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
+ "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
+ BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
+ capitals, as shown here.
+
+2. Terminology
+
+ The following terms are used in this document:
+
+ ERO: Explicit Route Object
+
+ LSP: Label Switched Path
+
+ PCC: Path Computation Client
+
+ PCE: Path Computation Element
+
+ PCEP: Path Computation Element Communication Protocol
+
+ PPAG: Path Protection Association Group
+
+ TLV: Type, Length, and Value
+
+3. PCEP Extensions
+
+3.1. Path Protection Association Type
+
+ As per [RFC8697], LSPs are not associated by listing the other LSPs
+ with which they interact but, rather, by making them belong to an
+ association group. All LSPs join an association group individually.
+ The generic ASSOCIATION object is used to associate two or more LSPs
+ as specified in [RFC8697]. This document defines a new Association
+ type called "Path Protection Association Type" of value 1 and a "Path
+ Protection Association Group" (PPAG). A member LSP of a PPAG can
+ take the role of working or protection LSP. A PPAG can have one
+ working LSP and/or one or more protection LSPs. The source,
+ destination, Tunnel ID (as carried in LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV [RFC8231],
+ with description as per [RFC3209]), and Protection Type (PT) (in Path
+ Protection Association TLV) of all LSPs within a PPAG MUST be the
+ same. As per [RFC3209], a TE tunnel is used to associate a set of
+ LSPs during reroute or to spread a traffic trunk over multiple paths.
+
+ The format of the ASSOCIATION object used for PPAG is specified in
+ [RFC8697].
+
+ [RFC8697] specifies the mechanism for the capability advertisement of
+ the Association types supported by a PCEP speaker by defining an
+ ASSOC-Type-List TLV to be carried within an OPEN object. This
+ capability exchange for the Association type described in this
+ document (i.e., Path Protection Association Type) MAY be done before
+ using this association, i.e., the PCEP speaker MAY include the Path
+ Protection Association Type (1) in the ASSOC-Type-List TLV before
+ using the PPAG in the PCEP messages.
+
+ This Association type is dynamic in nature and created by the PCC or
+ PCE for the LSPs belonging to the same TE tunnel (as described in
+ [RFC3209]) originating at the same head node and terminating at the
+ same destination. These associations are conveyed via PCEP messages
+ to the PCEP peer. As per [RFC8697], the association source is set to
+ the local PCEP speaker address that created the association unless
+ local policy dictates otherwise. Operator-configured Association
+ Range MUST NOT be set for this Association type and MUST be ignored.
+
+3.2. Path Protection Association TLV
+
+ The Path Protection Association TLV is an optional TLV for use in the
+ ASSOCIATION object with the Path Protection Association Type. The
+ Path Protection Association TLV MUST NOT be present more than once.
+ If it appears more than once, only the first occurrence is processed
+ and any others MUST be ignored.
+
+ The Path Protection Association TLV follows the PCEP TLV format of
+ [RFC5440].
+
+ The Type (16 bits) of the TLV is 38. The Length field (16 bits) has
+ a fixed value of 4.
+
+ The value is comprised of a single field, the Path Protection
+ Association Flags (32 bits), where each bit represents a flag option.
+
+ The format of the Path Protection Association TLV (Figure 1) is as
+ follows:
+
+ 0 1 2 3
+ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+ | Type = 38 | Length = 4 |
+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+ | PT | Unassigned Flags |S|P|
+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
+
+ Figure 1: Path Protection Association TLV Format
+
+ Path Protection Association Flags (32 bits)
+
+ The following flags are currently defined:
+
+ * Protecting (P): 1 bit - This bit is as defined in Section 14.1 of
+ [RFC4872] to indicate if the LSP is a working (0) or protection
+ (1) LSP.
+
+ * Secondary (S): 1 bit - This bit is as defined in Section 14.1 of
+ [RFC4872] to indicate if the LSP is a primary (0) or secondary (1)
+ LSP. The S flag is ignored if the P flag is not set.
+
+ * Protection Type (PT): 6 bits - This field is as defined in
+ Section 14.1 of [RFC4872] (as "LSP (Protection Type) Flags") to
+ indicate the LSP protection type in use. Any type already defined
+ or that could be defined in the future for use in the RSVP-TE
+ PROTECTION object is acceptable in this TLV unless explicitly
+ stated otherwise.
+
+ * Unassigned bits are considered reserved. They MUST be set to 0 on
+ transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt.
+
+ If the TLV is missing in the PPAG ASSOCIATION object, it is
+ considered that the LSP is a working LSP (i.e., as if the P bit is
+ unset).
+
+4. Operation
+
+ An LSP is associated with other LSPs with which it interacts by
+ adding them to a common association group via the ASSOCIATION object.
+ All procedures and error handling for the ASSOCIATION object is as
+ per [RFC8697].
+
+4.1. State Synchronization
+
+ During state synchronization, a PCC reports all the existing LSP
+ states as described in [RFC8231]. The association group membership
+ pertaining to an LSP is also reported as per [RFC8697]. This
+ includes PPAGs.
+
+4.2. PCC-Initiated LSPs
+
+ A PCC can associate a set of LSPs under its control for path
+ protection purposes. Similarly, the PCC can remove one or more LSPs
+ under its control from the corresponding PPAG. In both cases, the
+ PCC reports the change in association to PCE(s) via a Path
+ Computation Report (PCRpt) message. A PCC can also delegate the
+ working and protection LSPs to an active stateful PCE, where the PCE
+ would control the LSPs. The stateful PCE could update the paths and
+ attributes of the LSPs in the association group via a Path
+ Computation Update (PCUpd) message. A PCE could also update the
+ association to the PCC via a PCUpd message. These procedures are
+ described in [RFC8697].
+
+ It is expected that both working and protection LSPs are delegated
+ together (and to the same PCE) to avoid any race conditions. Refer
+ to [STATE-PCE-SYNC] for the problem description.
+
+4.3. PCE-Initiated LSPs
+
+ A PCE can create/update working and protection LSPs independently.
+ As specified in [RFC8697], Association Groups can be created by both
+ the PCE and the PCC. Furthermore, a PCE can remove a protection LSP
+ from a PPAG as specified in [RFC8697]. The PCE uses PCUpd or Path
+ Computation Initiate (PCInitiate) messages to communicate the
+ association information to the PCC.
+
+4.4. Session Termination
+
+ As per [RFC8697], the association information is cleared along with
+ the LSP state information. When a PCEP session is terminated, after
+ expiry of State Timeout Interval at the PCC, the LSP state associated
+ with that PCEP session is reverted to operator-defined default
+ parameters or behaviors as per [RFC8231]. The same procedure is also
+ followed for the association information. On session termination at
+ the PCE, when the LSP state reported by PCC is cleared, the
+ association information is also cleared as per [RFC8697]. Where
+ there are no LSPs in an association group, the association is
+ considered to be deleted.
+
+4.5. Error Handling
+
+ As per the processing rules specified in Section 6.4 of [RFC8697], if
+ a PCEP speaker does not support this Path Protection Association
+ Type, it would return a PCErr message with Error-Type 26 "Association
+ Error" and Error-Value 1 "Association type is not supported".
+
+ All LSPs (working or protection) within a PPAG MUST belong to the
+ same TE tunnel (as described in [RFC3209]) and have the same source
+ and destination. If a PCEP speaker attempts to add or update an LSP
+ to a PPAG and the Tunnel ID (as carried in the LSP-IDENTIFIERS TLV
+ [RFC8231], with a description as per [RFC3209]) or source or
+ destination of the LSP is different from the LSP(s) in the PPAG, the
+ PCEP speaker MUST send PCErr with Error-Type 26 (Association Error)
+ [RFC8697] and Error-Value 9 (Tunnel ID or endpoints mismatch for Path
+ Protection Association). In case of Path Protection, an LSP-
+ IDENTIFIERS TLV SHOULD be included for all LSPs (including Segment
+ Routing (SR) [RFC8664]). If the Protection Type (PT) (in the Path
+ Protection Association TLV) is different from the LSPs in the PPAG,
+ the PCEP speaker MUST send PCErr with Error-Type 26 (Association
+ Error) [RFC8697] and Error-Value 6 (Association information mismatch)
+ as per [RFC8697].
+
+ When the PCEP peer does not support the protection type set in PPAG,
+ the PCEP peer MUST send PCErr with Error-Type 26 (Association Error)
+ [RFC8697] and Error-Value 11 (Protection type is not supported).
+
+ A given LSP MAY belong to more than one PPAG. If there is a conflict
+ between any of the two PPAGs, the PCEP peer MUST send PCErr with
+ Error-Type 26 (Association Error) [RFC8697] and Error-Value 6
+ (Association information mismatch) as per [RFC8697].
+
+ When the protection type is set to 1+1 (i.e., protection type=0x08 or
+ 0x10), there MUST be at maximum only one working LSP and one
+ protection LSP within a PPAG. If a PCEP speaker attempts to add
+ another working/protection LSP, the PCEP peer MUST send PCErr with
+ Error-Type 26 (Association Error) [RFC8697] and Error-Value 10
+ (Attempt to add another working/protection LSP for Path Protection
+ Association).
+
+ When the protection type is set to 1:N (i.e., protection type=0x04),
+ there MUST be at maximum only one protection LSP, and the number of
+ working LSPs MUST NOT be more than N within a PPAG. If a PCEP
+ speaker attempts to add another working/protection LSP, the PCEP peer
+ MUST send PCErr with Error-Type 26 (Association Error) [RFC8697] and
+ Error-Value 10 (Attempt to add another working/protection LSP for
+ Path Protection Association).
+
+ During the make-before-break (MBB) procedure, two paths will briefly
+ coexist. The error handling related to the number of LSPs allowed in
+ a PPAG MUST NOT be applied during MBB.
+
+ All processing as per [RFC8697] continues to apply.
+
+5. Other Considerations
+
+ The working and protection LSPs are typically resource disjoint
+ (e.g., node, Shared Risk Link Group [SRLG] disjoint). This ensures
+ that a single failure will not affect both the working and protection
+ LSPs. The disjoint requirement for a group of LSPs is handled via
+ another Association type called "Disjointness Association" as
+ described in [PCEP-LSP-EXT]. The diversity requirements for the
+ protection LSP are also handled by including both ASSOCIATION objects
+ identifying both the protection association group and the disjoint
+ association group for the group of LSPs. The relationship between
+ the Synchronization VECtor (SVEC) object and the Disjointness
+ Association is described in Section 5.4 of [PCEP-LSP-EXT].
+
+ [RFC4872] introduces the concept and mechanisms to support the
+ association of one LSP to another LSP across different RSVP Traffic
+ Engineering (RSVP-TE) sessions using the ASSOCIATION and PROTECTION
+ object. The information in the Path Protection Association TLV in
+ PCEP as received from the PCE is used to trigger the signaling of the
+ working LSP and protection LSP, with the Path Protection Association
+ Flags mapped to the corresponding fields in the PROTECTION object in
+ RSVP-TE.
+
+6. IANA Considerations
+
+6.1. Association Type
+
+ This document defines a new Association type, originally defined in
+ [RFC8697], for path protection. IANA has assigned new value in the
+ "ASSOCIATION Type Field" subregistry (created by [RFC8697]) as
+ follows:
+
+ +------+-----------------------------+-----------+
+ | Type | Name | Reference |
+ +======+=============================+===========+
+ | 1 | Path Protection Association | RFC 8745 |
+ +------+-----------------------------+-----------+
+
+ Table 1: ASSOCIATION Type Field
+
+6.2. Path Protection Association TLV
+
+ This document defines a new TLV for carrying the additional
+ information of LSPs within a path protection association group. IANA
+ has assigned a new value in the "PCEP TLV Type Indicators"
+ subregistry as follows:
+
+ +-------+---------------------------------------+-----------+
+ | Value | Description | Reference |
+ +=======+=======================================+===========+
+ | 38 | Path Protection Association Group TLV | RFC 8745 |
+ +-------+---------------------------------------+-----------+
+
+ Table 2: PCEP TLV Type Indicators
+
+ Per this document, a new subregistry named "Path protection
+ Association Group TLV Flag Field" has been created within the "Path
+ Computation Element Protocol (PCEP) Numbers" registry to manage the
+ Flag field in the Path Protection Association Group TLV. New values
+ are to be assigned by Standards Action [RFC8126]. Each bit should be
+ tracked with the following qualities:
+
+ * Bit number (count from 0 as the most significant bit)
+
+ * Name of the flag
+
+ * Reference
+
+ +------+-----------------------+-----------+
+ | Bit | Name | Reference |
+ +======+=======================+===========+
+ | 31 | P - PROTECTION-LSP | RFC 8745 |
+ +------+-----------------------+-----------+
+ | 30 | S - SECONDARY-LSP | RFC 8745 |
+ +------+-----------------------+-----------+
+ | 6-29 | Unassigned | RFC 8745 |
+ +------+-----------------------+-----------+
+ | 0-5 | Protection Type Flags | RFC 8745 |
+ +------+-----------------------+-----------+
+
+ Table 3: Path Protection Association
+ Group TLV Flag Field
+
+6.3. PCEP Errors
+
+ This document defines new Error-Values related to path protection
+ association for Error-type 26 "Association Error" defined in
+ [RFC8697]. IANA has allocated new error values within the "PCEP-
+ ERROR Object Error Types and Values" subregistry of the PCEP Numbers
+ registry as follows:
+
+ +------------+-------------+---------------------------+-----------+
+ | Error-Type | Meaning | Error-value | Reference |
+ +============+=============+===========================+===========+
+ | 26 | Association | | [RFC8697] |
+ | | Error | | |
+ +------------+-------------+---------------------------+-----------+
+ | | | 9: Tunnel ID or endpoints | RFC 8745 |
+ | | | mismatch for Path | |
+ | | | Protection Association | |
+ +------------+-------------+---------------------------+-----------+
+ | | | 10: Attempt to add | RFC 8745 |
+ | | | another working/ | |
+ | | | protection LSP for Path | |
+ | | | Protection Association | |
+ +------------+-------------+---------------------------+-----------+
+ | | | 11: Protection type is | RFC 8745 |
+ | | | not supported | |
+ +------------+-------------+---------------------------+-----------+
+
+ Table 4: PCEP-ERROR Object Error Types and Values
+
+7. Security Considerations
+
+ The security considerations described in [RFC8231], [RFC8281], and
+ [RFC5440] apply to the extensions described in this document as well.
+ Additional considerations related to associations where a malicious
+ PCEP speaker could be spoofed and could be used as an attack vector
+ by creating associations are described in [RFC8697]. Adding a
+ spurious protection LSP to the Path Protection Association group
+ could give a false sense of network reliability, which leads to
+ issues when the working LSP is down and the protection LSP fails as
+ well. Thus, securing the PCEP session using Transport Layer Security
+ (TLS) [RFC8253], as per the recommendations and best current
+ practices in BCP 195 [RFC7525], is RECOMMENDED.
+
+8. Manageability Considerations
+
+8.1. Control of Function and Policy
+
+ Mechanisms defined in this document do not imply any control or
+ policy requirements in addition to those already listed in [RFC5440],
+ [RFC8231], and [RFC8281].
+
+8.2. Information and Data Models
+
+ [RFC7420] describes the PCEP MIB; there are no new MIB Objects for
+ this document.
+
+ The PCEP YANG module [PCEP-YANG] supports associations.
+
+8.3. Liveness Detection and Monitoring
+
+ Mechanisms defined in this document do not imply any new liveness
+ detection and monitoring requirements in addition to those already
+ listed in [RFC5440], [RFC8231], and [RFC8281].
+
+8.4. Verify Correct Operations
+
+ Mechanisms defined in this document do not imply any new operation
+ verification requirements in addition to those already listed in
+ [RFC5440], [RFC8231], and [RFC8281].
+
+8.5. Requirements on Other Protocols
+
+ Mechanisms defined in this document do not imply any new requirements
+ on other protocols.
+
+8.6. Impact on Network Operations
+
+ Mechanisms defined in this document do not have any impact on network
+ operations in addition to those already listed in [RFC5440],
+ [RFC8231], and [RFC8281].
+
+9. References
+
+9.1. Normative References
+
+ [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
+ Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
+ DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
+
+ [RFC3209] Awduche, D., Berger, L., Gan, D., Li, T., Srinivasan, V.,
+ and G. Swallow, "RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP
+ Tunnels", RFC 3209, DOI 10.17487/RFC3209, December 2001,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3209>.
+
+ [RFC4872] Lang, J.P., Ed., Rekhter, Y., Ed., and D. Papadimitriou,
+ Ed., "RSVP-TE Extensions in Support of End-to-End
+ Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS)
+ Recovery", RFC 4872, DOI 10.17487/RFC4872, May 2007,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4872>.
+
+ [RFC5440] Vasseur, JP., Ed. and JL. Le Roux, Ed., "Path Computation
+ Element (PCE) Communication Protocol (PCEP)", RFC 5440,
+ DOI 10.17487/RFC5440, March 2009,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5440>.
+
+ [RFC7525] Sheffer, Y., Holz, R., and P. Saint-Andre,
+ "Recommendations for Secure Use of Transport Layer
+ Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security
+ (DTLS)", BCP 195, RFC 7525, DOI 10.17487/RFC7525, May
+ 2015, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7525>.
+
+ [RFC8126] Cotton, M., Leiba, B., and T. Narten, "Guidelines for
+ Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26,
+ RFC 8126, DOI 10.17487/RFC8126, June 2017,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8126>.
+
+ [RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
+ 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
+ May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
+
+ [RFC8231] Crabbe, E., Minei, I., Medved, J., and R. Varga, "Path
+ Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP)
+ Extensions for Stateful PCE", RFC 8231,
+ DOI 10.17487/RFC8231, September 2017,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8231>.
+
+ [RFC8253] Lopez, D., Gonzalez de Dios, O., Wu, Q., and D. Dhody,
+ "PCEPS: Usage of TLS to Provide a Secure Transport for the
+ Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP)",
+ RFC 8253, DOI 10.17487/RFC8253, October 2017,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8253>.
+
+ [RFC8281] Crabbe, E., Minei, I., Sivabalan, S., and R. Varga, "Path
+ Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP)
+ Extensions for PCE-Initiated LSP Setup in a Stateful PCE
+ Model", RFC 8281, DOI 10.17487/RFC8281, December 2017,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8281>.
+
+ [RFC8697] Minei, I., Crabbe, E., Sivabalan, S., Ananthakrishnan, H.,
+ Dhody, D., and Y. Tanaka, "Path Computation Element
+ Communication Protocol (PCEP) Extensions for Establishing
+ Relationships between Sets of Label Switched Paths
+ (LSPs)", RFC 8697, DOI 10.17487/RFC8697, January 2020,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8697>.
+
+9.2. Informative References
+
+ [PCEP-LSP-EXT]
+ Litkowski, S., Sivabalan, S., Barth, C., and M. Negi,
+ "Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP)
+ Extension for LSP Diversity Constraint Signaling", Work in
+ Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-pce-association-
+ diversity-14, 26 January 2020,
+ <https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-pce-association-
+ diversity-14>.
+
+ [PCEP-YANG]
+ Dhody, D., Hardwick, J., Beeram, V., and J. Tantsura, "A
+ YANG Data Model for Path Computation Element
+ Communications Protocol (PCEP)", Work in Progress,
+ Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-pce-pcep-yang-13, 31 October
+ 2019,
+ <https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-pce-pcep-yang-13>.
+
+ [RFC4427] Mannie, E., Ed. and D. Papadimitriou, Ed., "Recovery
+ (Protection and Restoration) Terminology for Generalized
+ Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS)", RFC 4427,
+ DOI 10.17487/RFC4427, March 2006,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4427>.
+
+ [RFC4655] Farrel, A., Vasseur, J.-P., and J. Ash, "A Path
+ Computation Element (PCE)-Based Architecture", RFC 4655,
+ DOI 10.17487/RFC4655, August 2006,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4655>.
+
+ [RFC4657] Ash, J., Ed. and J.L. Le Roux, Ed., "Path Computation
+ Element (PCE) Communication Protocol Generic
+ Requirements", RFC 4657, DOI 10.17487/RFC4657, September
+ 2006, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4657>.
+
+ [RFC7420] Koushik, A., Stephan, E., Zhao, Q., King, D., and J.
+ Hardwick, "Path Computation Element Communication Protocol
+ (PCEP) Management Information Base (MIB) Module",
+ RFC 7420, DOI 10.17487/RFC7420, December 2014,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7420>.
+
+ [RFC8051] Zhang, X., Ed. and I. Minei, Ed., "Applicability of a
+ Stateful Path Computation Element (PCE)", RFC 8051,
+ DOI 10.17487/RFC8051, January 2017,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8051>.
+
+ [RFC8664] Sivabalan, S., Filsfils, C., Tantsura, J., Henderickx, W.,
+ and J. Hardwick, "Path Computation Element Communication
+ Protocol (PCEP) Extensions for Segment Routing", RFC 8664,
+ DOI 10.17487/RFC8664, December 2019,
+ <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8664>.
+
+ [STATE-PCE-SYNC]
+ Litkowski, S., Sivabalan, S., Li, C., and H. Zheng, "Inter
+ Stateful Path Computation Element (PCE) Communication
+ Procedures.", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-
+ litkowski-pce-state-sync-07, 11 January 2020,
+ <https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-litkowski-pce-state-
+ sync-07>.
+
+Acknowledgments
+
+ We would like to thank Jeff Tantsura, Xian Zhang, and Greg Mirsky for
+ their contributions to this document.
+
+ Thanks to Ines Robles for the RTGDIR review.
+
+ Thanks to Pete Resnick for the GENART review.
+
+ Thanks to Donald Eastlake for the SECDIR review.
+
+ Thanks to Barry Leiba, Benjamin Kaduk, Éric Vyncke, and Roman Danyliw
+ for the IESG review.
+
+Contributors
+
+ Dhruv Dhody
+ Huawei Technologies
+ Divyashree Techno Park, Whitefield
+ Bangalore 560066
+ Karnataka
+ India
+
+ Email: dhruv.ietf@gmail.com
+
+
+ Raveendra Torvi
+ Juniper Networks
+ 1194 N Mathilda Ave
+ Sunnyvale, CA 94086
+ United States of America
+
+ Email: rtorvi@juniper.net
+
+
+ Edward Crabbe
+ Individual Contributor
+
+ Email: edward.crabbe@gmail.com
+
+
+Authors' Addresses
+
+ Hariharan Ananthakrishnan
+ Netflix
+ United States of America
+
+ Email: hari@netflix.com
+
+
+ Siva Sivabalan
+ Cisco
+ 2000 Innovation Drive
+ Kanata Ontario K2K 3E8
+ Canada
+
+ Email: msiva@cisco.com
+
+
+ Colby Barth
+ Juniper Networks
+ 1194 N Mathilda Ave
+ Sunnyvale, CA 94086
+ United States of America
+
+ Email: cbarth@juniper.net
+
+
+ Ina Minei
+ Google, Inc
+ 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway
+ Mountain View, CA 94043
+ United States of America
+
+ Email: inaminei@google.com
+
+
+ Mahendra Singh Negi
+ Huawei Technologies
+ Divyashree Techno Park, Whitefield
+ Bangalore 560066
+ Karnataka
+ India
+
+ Email: mahend.ietf@gmail.com