path: root/doc/rfc/rfc4002.txt

Network Working Group                                        R. Brandner
Request for Comments: 4002                                    Siemens AG
Category: Standards Track                                      L. Conroy
                                             Siemens Roke Manor Research
                                                              R. Stastny
                                                                   Oefeg
                                                           February 2005

            IANA Registration for Enumservice 'web' and 'ft'

Status of This Memo

   This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
   Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
   improvements.  Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
   Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
   and status of this protocol.  Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).

Abstract

   This document registers the Enumservices 'web' and 'ft' by using the
   URI schemes 'http:', 'https:' and 'ftp:' as per the IANA registration
   process defined in the ENUM specification (RFC 3761).

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  2
   2.  Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   3.  Web Service  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
       3.1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
       3.2.  Web Service Registration with 'http:'  . . . . . . . . .  3
       3.3.  Web Service Registration with 'https:' . . . . . . . . .  4
   4.  FT Service Registration  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   5.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   6.  IANA Considerations . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   7.  References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
       7.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
       7.2.  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   Full Copyright Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10







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1.  Introduction

   ENUM (E.164 Number Mapping, RFC 3761 [2]) is a system that transforms
   E.164 numbers [3] into domain names and that then uses DNS (Domain
   Name Service, RFC 1034 [4]) services such as delegation through NS
   records and NAPTR records to look up what services are available for
   a specific domain name.

   This document registers 'Enumservices' according to the guidelines
   given in RFC 3761 [2] to be used for provisioning in the services
   field of an NAPTR [7] resource record to indicate what class of
   functionality a given end point offers.  The registration is defined
   within the DDDS (Dynamic Delegation Discovery System [5][6][7][8][9])
   hierarchy, for use with the "E2U" DDDS Application, defined in RFC
   3761 [2].

   The following 'Enumservices' are registered with this document: 'web'
   and 'ft'.  These share a common feature in that they each indicate
   that the functionality of the given end points and the associated
   resources are primarily sources of information.

   According to RFC 3761 [2], the 'Enumservice' registered must be able
   to function as a selection mechanism when one chooses between one
   NAPTR resource record and another.  This means that the registration
   MUST specify what is expected when that NAPTR record is used, and the
   URI scheme that is the outcome of use.

   Therefore an 'Enumservice' acts as a hint, indicating the kind of
   service with which the URI constructed by using the regexp field is
   associated.  More than one 'Enumservice' can be included within a
   single NAPTR; this indicates that there is more than one service that
   can be achieved by using the associated URI scheme.

   The common thread with this set of definitions is that they reflect
   the kind of service that the end user will hope to achieve with the
   communication by using the associated URI.

   The services specified here are NOT intended to specify the protocol
   or even the method of connection that MUST be used to achieve each
   service.  Instead, we define the kind of interactive behavior that an
   end user will expect, leaving the end system to decide (based on
   policies outside the scope of this specification) how to execute the
   service.








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   As the same URI scheme may be used for different services (e.g.,
   'tel:') and the same kind of service may use different URI schemes
   (e.g., for VoIP, 'sip:', 'h323:', and 'tel:' may be used), it is
   necessary in some cases to specify the service and the URI scheme
   used.

   The service parameters defined in RFC 3761 [2] therefore allow a
   'type' and a 'subtype' to be specified.  Within this set of
   specifications, it is assumed that the 'type' (being the more generic
   term) defines the service and the 'subtype' defines the URI scheme.

2.  Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14, RFC 2119 [1].

3.  Web Service

3.1.  Introduction

   The Enumservices registered in this section indicate that the
   resource identified by the associated URI is capable of being a
   source of information.

3.2.  Web Service Registration with 'http:'

   Enumservice Name: "web"

   Enumservice Type: "web"

   Enumservice Subtype: "http"

   URI Scheme: 'http:'

   Functional Specification:

   This Enumservice indicates that the resource identified by the
   associated URI scheme is capable of being a source of information.

   Note that the kind of information retrieved can be manifold.
   Usually, contacting a resource by an 'http:' [11] URI provides a
   document.  This document can contain references that will trigger the
   download of many different kinds of information, such as audio,
   video, or executable code.  Thus, one cannot be more specific about
   the kind of information expected when contacting the resource.





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   Security Considerations:

   There are no specific security issues with this 'Enumservice'.
   However, the general considerations of Section 5 apply.

   Intended Usage: COMMON

   Authors:

   Rudolf Brandner, Lawrence Conroy, Richard Stastny (for author contact
   detail, see the Authors' Addresses section)

   Any other information the author deems interesting:

   None

3.3.  Web Service Registration with 'https:'

   Enumservice Name: "web"

   Enumservice Type: "web"

   Enumservice Subtype: "https"

   URI Scheme: 'https:'

   Functional Specification:

   This Enumservice indicates that the resource identified by the
   associated URI scheme is capable of being a source of information,
   which can be contacted by using TLS or the Secure Socket Layer
   protocol.

   Note that the kind of information retrieved can be manifold.
   Usually, contacting a resource by an 'https:' URI [12] provides a
   document.  This document can contain many different kinds of
   information, such as audio, video, or executable code.  Thus, one
   cannot be more specific about what information to expect when
   contacting the resource.

   Security Considerations:

   There are no specific security issues with this 'Enumservice'.
   However, the general considerations of Section 5 apply.

   Intended Usage: COMMON





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   Authors:

   Rudolf Brandner, Lawrence Conroy, Richard Stastny (for author contact
   detail, see the Authors' Addresses section)

   Any other information the author deems interesting:

   None

4.  FT Service Registration

   Enumservice Name: "ft"

   Enumservice Type: "ft"

   Enumservice Subtype: "ftp"

   URI Scheme: 'ftp:'

   Functional Specification:

   This Enumservice indicates that the resource identified by the
   associated URI scheme is a service usable in the manner specified for
   ftp: in RFC 1738 [10], for instance, file retrieval.

   Security Considerations:

   There are no specific security issues with this 'Enumservice'.
   However, the general considerations of Section 5 apply.

   Intended Usage: COMMON

   Authors:

   Rudolf Brandner, Lawrence Conroy, Richard Stastny (for author contact
   detail, see the Authors' Addresses section)

   Any other information the author deems interesting:

   None

5.  Security Considerations

   As used by ENUM, DNS is a global, distributed database.  Thus any
   information stored there is visible to anyone anonymously.  Although
   this is not qualitatively different from publication in a telephone
   directory, it does expose the data subject to having "their"




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   information collected automatically without any indication that this
   has been done, or by whom.

   Data harvesting by third parties is often used to generate lists of
   targets for unrequested information; in short, it is used to address
   "spam".  Anyone who uses a Web-archived mailing list is aware that
   the volume of "spam" email they receive increases when they post to
   the mailing list; publication of a telephone number in ENUM is no
   different and may be used to send "junk faxes" or "junk SMS", for
   example.

   Many mailing list users have more than one email address and use
   "sacrificial" email accounts when they post to these lists to help
   filter out unrequested emails.  This is not so easy with published
   telephone numbers; the PSTN E.164 number assignment process is much
   more involved, and usually a single E.164 number (or a fixed range of
   numbers) is associated with each PSTN access.  Thus, providing a
   "sacrificial" phone number in any publication is not possible.

   Due to the implications of publishing data on a globally accessible
   database, as a principle the data subject MUST give explicit informed
   consent when data is published in ENUM.

   In addition, the data subject should be made aware that, due to
   storage of such data during harvesting by third parties, removal of
   the data from publication will not remove any copies that have been
   taken; in effect, any publication may be permanent.

   However, regulations in many regions will require that the data
   subject can at any time request that the data is removed from
   publication, and that consent for its publication is explicitly
   confirmed at regular intervals.

   The user SHOULD be asked to confirm opening a web page or starting an
   ftp session (particularly if the ftp client is configured to send the
   user's email address as an "anonymous" user password).

   Using a web:http or ft:ftp service is not secure, so the user should
   apply the same caution when entering personal data as they would do
   if using a client application started with any other method.
   Although this is not a feature of ENUM or these Enumservices, the
   ENUM-using application on the end system may appear different from
   the user's "normal" browser, so the user SHOULD receive an indication
   of whether their communication is secured.







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   As evaluating a web page can involve execution of embedded (or
   linked) content that may include executable code, evaluating a web
   URL involves risks.  If automatic evaluation of a web link were to be
   used, the querying user would be exposed to risks associated with
   that automatic download and execution of content.  Thus, the client
   MUST ask the querying user for confirmation before evaluating the web
   URL; the client MUST NOT download and evaluate the web content
   automatically.

   An analysis of threats specific to the dependence of ENUM on the DNS,
   (threats against which are covered in [14]) and the applicability of
   DNSSEC [13] to these, is provided in RFC 3761 [2].

6.  IANA Considerations

   The IANA has registered Enumservice 'web' and 'ft' per the
   registration process defined in the ENUM specification [2].

7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [1]   Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
         Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [2]   Faltstrom, P. and M. Mealling, "The E.164 to Uniform Resource
         Identifiers (URI) Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS)
         Application (ENUM)", RFC 3761, April 2004.

   [3]   ITU-T, "The International Public Telecommunication Number
         Plan", Recommendation E.164 , May 1997.

   [4]   Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - concepts and facilities", STD
         13, RFC 1034, November 1987.

   [5]   Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part
         One: The Comprehensive DDDS", RFC 3401, October 2002.

   [6]   Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part
         Two: The Algorithm", RFC 3402, October 2002.

   [7]   Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part
         Three: The Domain Name System (DNS) Database", RFC 3403,
         October 2002.

   [8]   Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part
         Four: The Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI)", RFC 3404,
         October 2002.



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   [9]   Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Part
         Five: URI.ARPA Assignment Procedures", BCP 65, RFC 3405,
         October 2002.

   [10]  Berners-Lee, T., Masinter, L., and M. McCahill, "Uniform
         Resource Locators (URL)", RFC 1738, December 1994.

   [11]  Fielding,  R., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk, H., Masinter,
         L., Leach, P., and T. Berners-Lee, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol
         -- HTTP/1.1", RFC 2616, June 1999.

   [12]  Rescorla, E., "HTTP Over TLS", RFC 2818, May 2000.

7.2.  Informative References

   [13]  Arends, R. and et al., "Protocol Modifications for the DNS
         Security Extensions", Work in Progress.

   [14]  Atkins, D. and R. Austein, "Threat Analysis of the Domain Name
         System (DNS)", RFC 3833, August 2004.































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Authors' Addresses

   Rudolf Brandner
   Siemens AG
   Hofmannstr. 51
   81359 Munich
   Germany

   Phone: +49-89-722-51003
   EMail: rudolf.brandner@siemens.com


   Lawrence Conroy
   Siemens Roke Manor Research
   Roke Manor
   Romsey
   United Kingdom

   Phone: +44-1794-833666
   EMail: lwc@roke.co.uk


   Richard Stastny
   Oefeg
   Postbox 147
   1103 Vienna
   Austria

   Phone: +43-664-420-4100
   EMail: richard.stastny@oefeg.at





















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Full Copyright Statement

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).

   This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions
   contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors
   retain all their rights.

   This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
   "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS
   OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET
   ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
   INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE
   INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
   WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

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   The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
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   Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
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   specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at
   http://www.ietf.org/ipr.

   The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
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   this standard.  Please address the information to the IETF at ietf-
   ipr@ietf.org.


Acknowledgement

   Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
   Internet Society.






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