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+Network Working Group V. Cerf
+Request for Comments: 1607 Internet Society
+Category: Informational 1 April 1994
+
+
+ A VIEW FROM THE 21ST CENTURY
+
+Status of this Memo
+
+ This memo provides information for the Internet community. This memo
+ does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of
+ this memo is unlimited.
+
+A NOTE TO THE READER
+
+ The letters below were discovered in September 1993 in a reverse
+ time-capsule apparently sent from 2023. The author of this paper
+ cannot vouch for the accuracy of the letter contents, but spectral
+ and radiation analysis are consistent with origin later than 2020. It
+ is not known what, if any, effect will arise if readers take actions
+ based on the future history contained in these documents. I trust
+ you will be particularly careful with our collective futures!
+
+THE LETTERS
+
+ To: "Jonathan Bradel" <jbradel@astro.luna.edu>
+ CC: "Therese Troisema" <ttroisema@inria.fr>
+ From: "David Kenter" <dkenter@xob.isea.mr>
+ Date: September 8, 2023 08:47.01 MT
+ Subject: Hello from the Exobiology Lab!
+
+
+ Hi Jonathan!
+
+ I just wanted to let you know that I have settled in my new
+ offices at the Exobiology Lab at the Interplanetary Space
+ Exploration Agency's base here on Mars. The trip out was
+ uneventful and did let me get through an awful lot of
+ reading in preparation for my three year term here. There
+ is an excellent library of material here at the lab and
+ reasonable communications back home, thanks to the CommRing
+ satellites that were put up last year here. The transfer
+ rates are only a few terabits per second, but this is
+ usually adequate for the most part.
+
+ We've been doing some simulation work to test various
+ theories of bio-history on Mars and I have attached the
+ output of one of the more interesting runs. The results are
+
+
+
+Cerf [Page 1]
+
+RFC 1607 A View from the 21st Century 1 April 1994
+
+
+ best viewed with a model VR-95HR/OS headset with the
+ peripheral glove adapter. I would recommend finding an
+ outdoor location if you activate the olfactory simulator
+ since some of the outputs are pretty rank! You'll notice
+ that atmospheric outgassing seriously interfered with any
+ potential complex life form development.
+
+ We tried a few runs to see what would happen if an
+ atmospheric confinement/replenishment system had been in
+ place, but the results are too speculative to be more than
+ entertaining at this point. There has been some serious
+ discussion of terra-forming options, but the economics are
+ still very unclear, as are the time-frames for realizing
+ any useful results.
+
+ I have also been trying out some new exercises to recover
+ from the effects of the long trip out. I've attached a
+ sample neuroscan clip which will give you some feeling for
+ the kinds of gymnastics that are possible in this gravity
+ field. My timing is still pretty lousy, but I hope it will
+ improve with practice.
+
+ I'd appreciate it very much if you could track down the
+ latest NanoConstructor ToolKit from MIT. I have need of
+ some lab gear which isn't available here and which would be
+ a lot easier to fabricate with the tool kit. The version I
+ have is NTK-R5 (2020) and I know there has been a lot added
+ since then.
+
+ Therese,
+
+ I wanted you to see the simulation runs, too. You may be
+ able to coax better results from the EXAFLOP array at CERN,
+ if you still have an account there. We're still limping
+ along with the 50 PFLOP system that Danny Hillis donated to
+ the agency a few years back.
+
+ The attached HD video clip shows the greenhouse efforts
+ here to grow grapes from the cuttings that were brought out
+ five years ago. We're still a long ways from '82
+ Beaucastel!
+
+ Gotta get ready for a sampling trip to Olympus Mons, so
+ will send this off for now.
+
+ Warmest regards,
+
+ David
+
+
+
+Cerf [Page 2]
+
+RFC 1607 A View from the 21st Century 1 April 1994
+
+
+ -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+
+
+ To: "David Kenter" <dkenter@xob.isea.mr>
+ CC: "Therese Troisema" <ttroisema@inria.fr>
+ From: "Jonathan Bradel" <jbradel@astro.luna.edu>
+ Date: September 10, 2023 12:30:14 LT
+ Subject: Re: Hello from the Exobiology Lab!
+
+ David,
+
+ Many thanks for your note and all its news and interesting
+ data! Melanie and I are glad to know you are settled now
+ and back at work. We've been making heavy use of the new
+ darkside reflector telescope and, thanks to the new petabit
+ fiber links that were introduced last year, we have very
+ effective controls from Luna City. We've been able to run
+ some really interesting synthetic aperture observations by
+ linking the results from the darkside array and the Earth-
+ orbiting telescopes, giving us an effective diameter of
+ about 200,000 miles. I can hardly wait to see what we can
+ make of some of the most distant Quasars with this set-up.
+
+ We had quite a scare last month when Melanie complained of
+ a recurring vertigo. None of the usual treatments seemed to
+ help so a molecular-level brain bioscan was done. An
+ unexpectedly high level of localized neuro-transmitter
+ synthesis was discovered but has now been corrected by
+ auto-gene therapy.
+
+ As you requested, I have attached the latest
+ NanoConstructor ToolKit from MIT. This version integrates
+ the Knowbot control subsystem which allows the NanoSystem
+ to be fully linked to the Internet for control, data
+ sharing and inter-system communication. By the way, the
+ Internet Society has negotiated a nice discount for nano-
+ fab services if you need something more elaborate than the
+ ISEA folks have available at XOB. I could put the
+ NanoSystem on the Solex Mars/Luna run and have it to you
+ pretty quickly.
+
+ Keep in touch!
+
+ Jon and Melanie
+
+
+ -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+
+
+
+
+Cerf [Page 3]
+
+RFC 1607 A View from the 21st Century 1 April 1994
+
+
+ To: "David Kenter" <dkenter@xob.isea.mr>
+ CC: "Jonathan Bradel" <jbradel@astro.luna.edu>
+ CC: "Troisema" <rm1023@geosync.hyatt.com>
+ From: "Therese Troisema" <ttroisema@inria.fr>
+ Date: September 10, 2023 12:30:14 UT
+ Subject: Re: Hello from the Exobiology Lab!
+
+ Bon Jour, David!
+
+ I am writing to you from the Hyatt Geosync where your email
+ was forwarded to me from INRIA. Louis and I are here
+ vacationing for two weeks. I have some time available and
+ will set up a simulation run on my EXAFLOP account. They
+ have the VR-95HR/OS headsets here for entertainment
+ purposes, but they will work fine for examining the results
+ of the simulation.
+
+ I have been taking time to do some research on the
+ development of the Interplanetary Internet and have found
+ some rather interesting results. I guess this counts as a
+ kind of paleo-networking effort, since some of the early
+ days reach back to the 1960s. It's hard to believe that
+ anyone even knew what a computer network was back then!
+
+ Did you know that the original work on Internet was
+ intended for military network use? One would never guess it
+ from the current state of affairs, but a lot of the
+ original packet switching work on ARPANET was done under
+ the sponsorship of something called the Advanced Research
+ Projects Agency of the US Department of Defense back in
+ 1968. During the 1970s, a number of packet networks were
+ built by ARPA and others (including work by the predecessor
+ to INRIA, IRIA, which developed a packet network called
+ CIGALE on which the CYCLADES network operating system was
+ built). There was also work done by the French PTT on an
+ experimental system called RCP that later became a
+ commercial system called TRANSPAC. Some seminal work was
+ done in the mid-late 1960s in England at the National
+ Physical Laboratory on a single node switch that apparently
+ served as the first local area network! It's very hard to
+ believe that this all happened over 50 years ago.
+
+ A radio-based network was developed in the same 1960s/early
+ 1970s time period called ALOHANET which featured use of a
+ randomly-shared radio channel. This idea was later realized
+ on a coaxial cable at XEROX PARC and called Ethernet. By
+ 1978, the Internet research effort had produced 4 versions
+ of a set of protocols called "TCP/IP" (Transmission Control
+
+
+
+Cerf [Page 4]
+
+RFC 1607 A View from the 21st Century 1 April 1994
+
+
+ Protocol/Internet Protocol"). These were used in
+ conjunction with devices called gateways, back then, but
+ which became known as "routers". The gateways connected
+ packet networks to each other. The combination of gateways
+ and TCP/IP software was implemented on a lot of different
+ operating systems, especially something called UNIX. There
+ was enough confidence in the resulting implementations that
+ all the computers on the ARPANET and any networks linked to
+ the ARPANET by gateways were required to switch over to use
+ TCP/IP at the beginning of 1983. For many historians, 1983
+ marks the start of global Internet growth although it had
+ its origins in the research effort started at Stanford
+ University in 1973, ten years earlier.
+
+ I am going to read more about this and, if you are
+ interested, I can report on what happened after 1983.
+
+ I will leave any simulation results from the EXAFLOP runs
+ in the private access directory in the CERN TERAFLEX
+ archive. It will be accessible using the JIT-ticket I have
+ attached, protected with your public key.
+
+ Au revoir, mon ami, Therese
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Cerf [Page 5]
+
+RFC 1607 A View from the 21st Century 1 April 1994
+
+
+ -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+
+
+ To: "Troisema" <rm1023@geosync.hyatt.com>
+ CC: "Jonathan Bradel" <jbradel@astro.luna.edu>
+ CC: "Therese Troisema" <ttroisema@inria.fr>
+ From: "David Kenter" <dkenter@xob.isea.mr>
+ Date: September 10, 2023 17:26:35 MT
+ Subject: Internet History
+
+ Dear Therese,
+
+ I am so glad you have had a chance to take a short
+ vacation; you and Louis work too hard! I changed the
+ subject line to reflect the new thread this discussion
+ seems to be leading in. It sounds as if the whole system
+ started pretty small. How did it ever get to the size it is
+ now?
+
+ David
+
+
+ -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+
+
+ To: "David Kenter" <dkenter@xob.isea.mr>
+ CC: "Therese Troisema" <ttroisema@inria.fr>
+ CC: "Troisema" <rm1023@geosync.hyatt.com>
+ From: "Jonathan Bradel" <jbradel@astro.luna.edu>
+ Date: September 11, 2023 09:45:26 LT
+ Subject: Re: Internet History
+
+ Hello everyone! I have been following the discussion with
+ great interest. I seem to remember that there was an effort
+ to connect what people thought were "super computers" back
+ in the mid-1980's and that had something to do with the way
+ in which the system evolved. Therese, did your research
+ tell you anything about that?
+
+ Jon
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Cerf [Page 6]
+
+RFC 1607 A View from the 21st Century 1 April 1994
+
+
+ -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+
+
+ To: "Jonathan Bradel" <jbradel@astro.luna.edu>
+ CC: "David Kenter" <dkenter@xob.isea.mr>
+ CC: "Troisema" <rm1023@geosync.hyatt.com>
+ From: "Therese Troisema" <ttroisema@inria.fr>
+ Date: September 12, 2023 16:05:02 UT
+ Subject: Re: Internet History
+
+
+ Jon,
+
+ Yes, the US National Science Foundation (NSF) set up 5
+ super computer centers around the US and also provided some
+ seed funding for what they called "intermediate level"
+ packet networks which were, in turn, connected to a
+ national backbone network they called "NSFNET." The
+ intermediate level nets connected the user community
+ networks (mostly in research labs and universities at that
+ time) to the backbone to which the super computer sites
+ were linked. According to my notes, NSF planned to reduce
+ funding for the various networking activities over time on
+ the presumption that they could become self-sustaining.
+ Many of the intermediate level networks sought to create a
+ larger market by turning to industry, which NSF permitted.
+ There was a rapid growth in the equipment market during the
+ last half of the 1980s, for routers (the new name for
+ gateways), work stations, network servers, and local area
+ networks. The penetration of the equipment market led to a
+ new market in commercial Internet services. Some of the
+ intermediate networks became commercial services, joining
+ others that were created to meet a growing demand for
+ Internet access.
+
+ By mid-1993, the system had grown to include over 15,000
+ networks, world-wide, and over 2 million computers. They
+ must have thought this was a pretty big system, back then.
+ Actually, it was, at the time, the largest collection of
+ networks and computers ever interconnected. Looking back
+ from our perspective, though, this sounds like a very
+ modest beginning, doesn't it? Nobody knew, at the time,
+ just how many users there were, but the system was doubling
+ annually and that attracted a lot of attention in many
+ different quarters.
+
+ There was an interesting report produced by the US National
+ Academy of Science about something they called
+
+
+
+Cerf [Page 7]
+
+RFC 1607 A View from the 21st Century 1 April 1994
+
+
+ "Collaboratories" which was intended to convey the idea
+ that people and computers could carry out various kinds of
+ collaborative work if they had the right kinds of networks
+ to link their computer systems and the right kinds of
+ applications to deal with distributed applications. Of
+ course, we take that sort of thing for granted now, but it
+ was new and often complicated 30 years ago.
+
+ I am going to try to find out how they dealt with the
+ problem of explosive growth.
+
+ Louis and I will be leaving shortly for a three-day
+ excursion to the new vari-grav habitat but I will let you
+ know what I find out about the 1990s period in Internet
+ history when we get back.
+
+ Therese
+
+
+ -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+
+
+ To: "Troisema" <rm1023@geosync.hyatt.com>
+ CC: "David Kenter" <dkenter@xob.isea.mr>
+ CC: "Therese Troisema" <ttroisema@inria.fr>
+ From: "Jonathan Bradel" <jbradel@astro.luna.edu>
+ Date: September 13, 2023 10:34:05 LT
+ Subject: Re: Internet History
+
+ Therese,
+
+ I sent a few Knowbot programs out looking for Internet
+ background and found an interesting archive at the Postel
+ Historical Institute in Pacific Palisades, California.
+ These folks have an incredible collection of old documents,
+ some of them actually still on paper, dating as far back as
+ 1962! This stuff gets addicting after a while.
+
+ Postel apparently edited a series of reports called
+ "Request for Comments" or "RFC" for short. These seem to be
+ one of the principal means by which the technology of the
+ Internet has been documented, and also, as nearly as I can
+ tell, a lot of its culture. The Institute also has a
+ phenomenal archive of electronic mail going back to about
+ 1970 (do you believe it? Email from over 50 years ago!). I
+ don't have time to set up a really good automatic analysis
+ of the contents, but I did leave a couple of Knowbots
+ running to find things related to growth, scaling, and
+
+
+
+Cerf [Page 8]
+
+RFC 1607 A View from the 21st Century 1 April 1994
+
+
+ increased capacity of the Internet.
+
+ It turns out that the technical committee called the
+ Internet Engineering Task Force was very pre-occupied in
+ the 1991-1994 period with the whole problem of
+ accommodating exponential growth in the size of the
+ Internet. They had a bunch of different options for re-
+ placing the then-existing IP layer with something that
+ could support a larger address space. There were a lot of
+ arguments about how soon they would run out of addresses
+ and a lot of uncertainty about how much functionality to
+ add on while solving the primary growth problem. Some folks
+ thought the scaling problem was so critical that it should
+ take priority while others thought there was still some
+ time and that new functionality would help motivate the
+ massive effort needed to replace the then-current version 4
+ IP.
+
+ As it happens, they were able to achieve multiple
+ objectives, as we now know. They found a way to increase
+ the space for identifying logical end-points in the system
+ as well increasing the address space needed to identify
+ physical end-points. That gave them a hook on which to base
+ the mobile, dynamic addressing capability that we now rely
+ on so heavily in the Internet. According to the notes I
+ have seen, they were also experimenting with new kinds of
+ applications that required different kinds of service than
+ the usual "best efforts" they were able to obtain from the
+ conventional router systems.
+
+ I found an absolutely hilarious "packet video clip" in one
+ of the archives. It's a black-and-white, 6 frame per second
+ shot of some guy taking off his coat, shirt and tie at one
+ of the engineering committee meetings. His T-shirt says "IP
+ on everything" which must have been some kind of slogan for
+ Internet expansion back then. Right at the end, some big
+ bearded guy comes up and stuffs some paper money in the
+ other guy's waistband. Apparently, there are quite a few
+ other archives of the early packet video squirreled away at
+ the PHI. I can't believe how primitive all this stuff
+ looks. I have attached a sample for you to enjoy. They
+ didn't have TDV back then, so you can't move the point of
+ view around the room or anything. You just have to watch
+ the figures move jerkily across the screen.
+
+ You can dig into this stuff if you send a Knowbot program
+ to concierge@phi.pacpal.ca.us. This Postel character must
+ have never thrown anything away!!
+
+
+
+Cerf [Page 9]
+
+RFC 1607 A View from the 21st Century 1 April 1994
+
+
+ Jon
+
+
+ -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+
+
+ To: "Jonathan Bradel" <jbradel@astro.luna.edu>
+ CC: "David Kenter" <dkenter@xob.isea.mr>
+ CC: "Troisema" <rm1023@geosync.hyatt.com>
+ From: "Therese Troisema" <ttroisema@inria.fr>
+ Date: September 15, 2023 07:55:45 UT
+ Subject: Re: Internet History
+
+
+ Jon,
+
+ thanks for the pointer. I pulled up a lot of very useful
+ material from PHI. You're right, they did manage to solve a
+ lot of problems at once with the new IP. Once they got the
+ bugs out of the prototype implementations, it spread very
+ quickly from the transit service companies outward towards
+ all the host computers in the system. I also discovered
+ that they were doing research on primitive gigabit-per-
+ second networks at that same general time. They had been
+ relying on unbelievably slow transmission systems around
+ 100 megabits-per-second and below. Can you imagine how long
+ it would take to send a typical 3DV image at those glacial
+ speeds?
+
+ According to the notes I found, a lot of the wide-area
+ system was moved over to operate on top of something they
+ called Asynchronous Transfer Mode Cell Switching or ATM for
+ short. Towards the end of the decade, they managed to get
+ end to end transfer rates on the order of a gigabyte per
+ second which was fairly respectable, given the technology
+ they had at the time. Of course, the telecommunications
+ business had been turned totally upside down in the process
+ of getting to that point.
+
+ It used to be the case that broadcast and cable television,
+ telephone and publishing were different businesses. In some
+ countries, television and telephone were monopolies
+ operated by the government or operated in the private
+ sector with government regulation. That started changing
+ drastically as the 1990s unfolded, especially in the United
+ States where telephone companies bought cable companies,
+ publishers owned various communication companies and it got
+ to be very hard to figure out just what kind of company it
+
+
+
+Cerf [Page 10]
+
+RFC 1607 A View from the 21st Century 1 April 1994
+
+
+ was that should or could be regulated. There grew up an
+ amazing number of competing ways to deliver information in
+ digital form. The same company might offer a variety of
+ information and communication services.
+
+ With regard to the Internet, it was possible to reach it
+ through mobile digital radio, satellite, conventional wire
+ line access (quaintly called "dial-up") using Integrated
+ Services Digital Networking, specially-designed modems,
+ special data services on television cable, and new fiber-
+ based services that eventually made it even into
+ residential settings. All the bulletin board systems got
+ connected to the Internet and surprised everyone, including
+ themselves, when the linkage created a new kind of
+ publishing environment in which authors took direct re-
+ sponsibility for making their work accessible.
+
+ Interestingly, this didn't do away either with the need for
+ traditional publishers, who filter and evaluate material
+ prior to publication, nor for a continuing interest in
+ paper and CD-ROM. As display technology got better and more
+ portable, though, paper became much more of a specialty
+ item. Most documents were published on-line or on high-
+ density digital storage media. The basic publishing
+ process retained a heavy emphasis on editorial selection,
+ but the mechanics shifted largely in the direction of the
+ author - with help from experts in layout and
+ accessibility. Of course, it helped to have a universal
+ reference numbering plan which allowed authors to register
+ documents in permanent archives. References could be made
+ to these from any other on-line context and the documents
+ retrieved readily, possiblyat some cost for copying rights.
+
+ By the end of the decade, "multimedia" was no longer a
+ buzz-word but a normal way of preparing and presenting
+ information. One unexpected angle: multimedia had been
+ thought to be confined to presentation in visual and
+ audible forms for human consumption, but it turned out that
+ including computers as senders and recipients of these
+ messages allowed them to use the digital email medium as an
+ enabling technology for deferred, inter-computer
+ interaction.
+
+ Just based on what I have been reading, one of the toughest
+ technical problems was finding good standards to represent
+ all these different modalities. Copyright questions, which
+ had been thought to be what they called "show-stoppers,"
+ turned out to be susceptible to largely-established case
+
+
+
+Cerf [Page 11]
+
+RFC 1607 A View from the 21st Century 1 April 1994
+
+
+ law. Abusing access to digital information was impeded in
+ large degree by wrapping publications in software shields,
+ but in the end, abuses were still possible and abusers were
+ prosecuted.
+
+ On the policy side, there was a strong need to apply
+ cryptography for authentication and for privacy. This was a
+ big struggle for many governments, including ours here in
+ France, where there are very strong views and laws on this
+ subject, but ultimately, the need for commonality on a
+ global basis outweighed many of the considerations that
+ inhibited the use of this valuable technology.
+
+ Well, that takes us up to about 20 years ago, which still
+ seems a far cry from our current state of technology. With
+ over a billion computers in the system and most of the
+ populations of information-intensive countries fully
+ linked, some of the more technically-astute back at the
+ turn of the millennium may have had some inkling of what
+ was in store for the next two decades.
+
+ Therese
+
+ -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+
+
+ To: "Therese Troisema" <ttroisema@inria.fr>
+ CC: "Jonathan Bradel" <jbradel@astro.luna.edu>
+ From: "David Kenter" <dkenter@xob.isea.mr>
+ Date: September 17, 2023 06:43:13 MT
+ Subject: Re: Internet History
+
+ Therese and Jon,
+
+ This is really fascinating! I found some more material,
+ thanks to the Internet Society, which summarizes the
+ technical developments over the last 20 years. Apparently
+ one of the key events was the development of all-optical
+ transmission, switching and computing in a cost-effective
+ way. For a long time, this technology involved rather
+ bulky equipment - some of the early 3DV clips from 2000-
+ 2005 showed rooms full of gear required to steer beams
+ around. A very interesting combination of fiber optics and
+ three-dimensional electro-optical integrated circuits
+ collapsed a lot of this to sizes more like what we are
+ accustomed to today. Using pico- and femto- molecular
+ fabrication methods, it has been possible to build very
+ compact, extremely high speed computing and communication
+
+
+
+Cerf [Page 12]
+
+RFC 1607 A View from the 21st Century 1 April 1994
+
+
+ devices.
+
+ I guess those guys at Xerox PARC who imagined that there
+ might be hundreds of millions of computers in the world,
+ hundreds or even thousands of them for each person, would
+ be pleased to see how clear their vision was. The only
+ really bad thing, as I see it, is that those guys who were
+ trying to figure out how to deal with Internet expansion
+ really blew it when they picked a measly 64 bit address
+ space. I hear we are running really tight again. I wonder
+ why they didn't have enough sense just to allocate at least
+ 1024 bits to make sure we'd have enough room for the
+ obvious applications we can see we want, now?
+
+
+ David
+
+
+ -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
+
+
+Final Comments
+
+ The letters end here, so we are left to speculate about many of the
+ loose ends not tied up in this informal exchange. Obviously, our
+ current struggles ultimately will be resolved and a very different,
+ information-intensive world will evolve from the present. There are a
+ great many policy, technical and economic questions that remain to be
+ answered to guide our progress towards the environment described in
+ part in these messages. It will be an interesting two or three
+ decades ahead!
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Cerf [Page 13]
+
+RFC 1607 A View from the 21st Century 1 April 1994
+
+
+Security Considerations
+
+ Security issues are not discussed in this memo.
+
+Author's Address
+
+ Vinton Cerf
+ President, Internet Society
+ 12020 Sunrise Valley Drive, Suite 270
+ Reston, VA 22091
+
+ EMail: +1 703 648 9888
+ Fax: +1 703 648 9887
+ EMail: vcerf@isoc.org
+
+ or
+
+ Vinton Cerf
+ Sr. VP Data Architecture
+ MCI Data Services Division
+ 2100 Reston Parkway, Room 6001
+ Reston, VA 22091
+
+ Phone: +1 703 715 7432
+ Fax: +1 703 715 7436
+ EMail: vinton_cerf@mcimail.com
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
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